10 nnukwu ọdachi na motorsport

Septemba 5 bụ emume ncheta afọ 50 nke otu n'ime ọrụ F1 mbụ mezuru: Jochen Rind, naanị onye mmeri ụwa mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na akụkọ ntolite. Kemgbe ịgba ọsọ ụgbọ ala mbụ a haziri ahazi, asọmpi Paris-Bordeaux na 1895, ọtụtụ puku ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala anwụọla n'okporo ụzọ. Ndepụta a jọgburu onwe ya na-amalite na Atilio Cafarati (1900) na Elliott Zbovorsky (1903) wee ruo Jules Bianchi, bụ onye tara ahụhụ na-egbu egbu na 2015 Japanese Grand Prix, na Antoine Hubert, onye nwụrụ na Spa na mmalite nke Formula 2 na August. afọ gara aga.

N'ịsọpụrụ Rind, anyị kpebiri ịhọrọ iri n'ime ọdachi ndị kachasị wee gbanwee.

Mark Donahue, 1975

"Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike ịhapụ ahịrị ojii abụọ site na mbido ahịrị kwụ ọtọ ruo ntụgharị ọzọ, mgbe ahụ ị nwere ume zuru oke." Nkwupụta a na -ewu ewu sitere na Mark Donahue na -egosi ma ọmarịcha ihe ọchị na ụdị ịkpa oke nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu America a. Akpọrọ ya Captain Nice maka ịma mma na omume enyi ya, Mark hapụrụ akara ya n'azụ wheel nke akụkọ mgbe ochie Porsche 917-30 na usoro Can-Am wee were mmeri akụkọ ifo na Indianapolis na 1972, yana ngwụcha ngwụcha usoro ya 1. mpụta mbụ na Grand Prix .na Canada.

Na ngwụcha afọ 1973, Mark kwupụtara ezumike nka ya, mana mgbe ahụ Roger Penske kwenyesiri ike na ọ laghachị maka mbọ ọzọ ị lụrụ na Formula 1. Na August 19, 1975, na ọzụzụ maka Austrian Grand Prix, taya gbawara na ụgbọ ala ya ọ kpọbatara n'ime ngere. Mgbapu sitere na nkwekọrịta gburu otu n'ime ndị ọrụ agha ahụ, mana Donahue eyighị ka ọ ga-ewute ya, chekwaa maka mmetụta nke okpu agha ya na nsọtụ mpempe akwụkwọ. Ka o sina dị, na mgbede onye isi ụgbọelu ahụ nwere isi ọwụwa, n’echi ya a nabatara ya n’ụlọọgwụ, na mgbede Donahue dara na ọnwu wee nwụọ site na oruru ọbara ọgbụgba. Ọ dị afọ iri atọ na asatọ.

Tom Ahịa, 1977

Ihe ọghọm 1977 South Africa Grand Prix nwere ike ịbụ ihe kacha jọgburu onwe ya n’akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ihe niile na-amalite site na mbibi engine nke na-enweghị mmerụ nke Italian Renzo Zordi, nke na-amanye ya ịdọpụ egwu ahụ. Gbọala ahụ nwuru ọkụ, mana Dzorzi esiworị pụta ma na-ele anya site na nchebe. Ndị agha nke abụọ ahụ mere mkpebi na-esiri ike ịgafe ụzọ iji gbanyụọ ọkụ na ihe ọkụ ha. Agbanyeghị, ha na-eme ya na nkụda mmụọ miri emi, site na ebe ọhụụ na-adịghị ahụ ụgbọ ala ndị dị nso.

Otu na-agafe ya n'enweghị nsogbu, mana nke ọzọ, nwa nwoke dị afọ 19 aha ya bụ Fricke van Vuuren, ụgbọ ala Tom Price kụrụ ihe dị ka 270 km / h wee gbuo ya ozugbo. Ọkụ ọkụ dị paụnd 18 ọ na-ebu bounces wee kụwaa okpu agha Price nke mere na ọ na-agbaji okpokoro isi ya, ọkụ ọkụ n'onwe ya na-agbakwa ọsọ, na-efefe n'elu oche ma daa n'ụgbọ ala na-adọba ụgbọala na-esote.

Ọrụ ọnụ ahịa dị afọ 27 na-enweta naanị ike - na ntozu Kialami, o gosipụtara oge kacha mma, ọbụlagodi ngwa ngwa karịa Niki Lauda. Banyere van Vuren ahụ na-adịghị mma, ahụ ya emebiwo nke ukwuu nke na ha enweghị ike ịmata ya, ha ga-akpọkwa ndị marshals niile ka ha mata onye na-efu.

Henry Toivonen, 1986

Afọ 80 bụ oge ụgbọ ala ndị ama ama Group B nke World Rally Championship - nnukwu anụ na-esiwanye ike ma dị mfe, ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike ịgba ọsọ ruo 100 km / h n'ihe na-erughị sekọnd atọ. Ọ bụ naanị obere oge ka ike ga-adị ukwuu maka akụkụ siri ike nke nnọkọ ahụ. Na 1986, enweelarị ọtụtụ ihe ọghọm dị egwu na Rally Corsica, mgbe Henry Toivonen's Lancia Delta S4 na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Sergio Cresto gbapụrụ n'okporo ụzọ, feba n'ime abyss, gbadaa n'elu ụlọ wee were ọkụ. Mmadụ abụọ ahụ nwụrụ ozugbo.

Toivonen, 29, onye meriri na Monte Carlo Rally ọnwa ole na ole gara aga, mere mkpesa ugboro ugboro na ụgbọ ala ahụ dị oke ike. Otu ihe a ka Cresto kwuru, onye onye ibe ya bụ Lancia mbụ Atilio Betega nwụrụ na 1985, kwa na Corsica. N’ihi ọdachi a, ndị FIA amachibidoro ụgbọ ala Group B iwu.

Dale Ernhardt, 2001

Ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu nke usoro ịgba ọsọ America anaghị ewu ewu na Europe. Mana ọnwụ Dale Earnhardt agbasawo n'ụwa niile, ruo n'ókè na nwoke ahụ aghọwo ihe nnọchianya dị ndụ nke NASCAR. Site na mmalite 76 na onye mmeri oge asaa (ihe ndekọ nke Richard Petty na Jimmie Johnson na-ekerịta), ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara ka na-ewere ya dị ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala kacha mma na akụkọ ntolite asọmpi North America.

Earnhardt nwụrụ na Daytona na 2001, n'ụzọ nkịtị na ngwụcha ikpeazụ nke agbụrụ ahụ, na-anwa igbochi Ken Schroeder. Cargbọ ala ya kụrụ Stirling Marlin n'ụzọ dị mfe wee pịa mgbidi mgbidi. Ndị dọkịta mechara chọpụta na Dale agbajiela okpokoro isi ya.

Ọnwụ ya butere nnukwu mgbanwe na nchekwa nchekwa NASCAR, ọnụọgụgụ 3, nke ya na ya sọkwara mpi, ka apụrụ na nsọpụrụ ya. Nwa ya nwoke Dale Earnhard Jr. meriri Daytona ugboro abụọ n'afọ ndị sochirinụ ma na-aga n'ihu na asọmpi ruo taa.

Jochen Rind, 1970

Onye German na-anya ụgbọ ala Austria, Rind bụ otu n'ime ndị na-egbuke egbuke na Formula 1 na mmalite nke 70s - na nke a bụ oge na-enweghị ụkọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egbuke egbuke. Colin Chapman wetara na Lotus, Jochen gosipụtara uru ya na Monaco Grand Prix mgbe o jisiri ike merie site na asatọ na mmalite na sekit siri ike gafere. Mmeri anọ ọzọ sochiri, ọ bụ ezie na mgbe ha meriri na Netherlands, Rind kpebiri ịla ezumike nka n'ihi ọnwụ enyi ya Piers Carthridge, onye ha na ha rie nri abalị n'abalị gara aga. Rind na Graham Hill na-edu otu ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu na-alụ ọgụ maka nchekwa yana maka ntinye ụgbọ okporo ígwè nchebe n'okporo ụzọ ụgbọ elu.

Na mbido na Monza, imirikiti otu, gụnyere Lotus, wepụrụ ndị na-apụnara mmadụ ihe ka iwelie ọsọ kwụ ọtọ. Na omume, A kwaturu Rind na egwu ahụ n'ihi ọdịda breeki. Kaosinadị, etinyere ogige ọhụrụ ahụ n'ụzọ ezighi ezi ma mebie na ụgbọ ala ahụ dabara n'okpuru ya. Belt oche ndị ahụ na-ebipụ akpịrị Jochen n'ụzọ nkịtị.

Ihe ndị akwụgoro ugbu a ezuola iji nye ya aha aha Formula 1, nke Jackie Stewart nyere Nina di ya nwụrụ. Rind nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 28.

Alfonso de Portago, 1957

Na 1950 bụ oge nke kpara ọnụ ọgụgụ na motorsport, ma ole na ole nwere ike iji tụnyere Alfonso Cabeza de Vaca na Leighton, Marquis de Portago - aristocrat, nna nna nke Spanish eze, Ace, jockey, ụgbọ ala pilot na Olympian, bobsledder. De Portago gụchara nke anọ na asọmpi 1956, naanị 0,14 sekọnd site na nrite, n'agbanyeghị na ọ zụrụ naanị na bobsleigh. Ọ meriri ụdị ụgbọ ala Tour de France wee gụchaa nke abụọ na Grand Prix nke Britain na 1956. N'otu n'ime foto ya a ma ama, ọ na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ ka ndị ọrụ igwe na-ejupụta ụgbọ ala nwere mmanụ ịgba ọsọ na-ere ọkụ n'azụ ya.

De Portago na-anwụ anwụ na 1955 mgbe a tụbara ya na ụgbọ ala ya na Silverstone na 140 km / h wee gbajie ụkwụ ya. Ma afọ abụọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, nkwekọrịta akụkọ ifo Mille Miglia enweghị isi. Site na taya gbawara na ọsọ nke 240 km / h, Ferrari 355 ya gbapụrụ n'okporo ụzọ, na-agbagharị ma na-adọka ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ elu abụọ na onye na-akwọ ya Edmund Nelson iche. E gburu mmadụ itoolu, ise n’ime ha bụ ụmụaka, mgbe otu igwe dọtasịrị nkume dị otu kilomita n’ogologo wee ziga ya n’ụlọ ezumezu ahụ.

Gilles Villeneuve, 1982

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ meriri nanị agbụrụ isii na obere ọrụ ya, ụfọdụ ndị na-amaghị ihe ka na-atụle Gilles Villeneuve onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala kacha pụta ìhè nke Formula 1. Na 1982, o nwere ezigbo ohere iji merie aha ahụ n'ikpeazụ. Mana iji ruo eruo maka Belgian Grand Prix, ụgbọ ala ya gbapụrụ, Villeneuve n'onwe ya tụbara n'ụgbọelu ahụ. Ka oge na-aga, ndị dọkịta chọpụtara na ọ gbajiri olu ya nwụọ ozugbo.

Ndị dị ka Nikki Lauda, ​​Jackie Stewart, Jody Scheckter na Keke Rosberg ghọtara na ọ bụghị naanị onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-enwu enwu, kamakwa onye kacha eme ihe n'eziokwu na egwu ahụ. Afọ iri na ise mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, nwa ya nwoke bụ Jacques nwetara ihe nna ya na-enweghị ike: ọ meriri aha Formula 1.

Wolfgang von Njem, 1961

Wolfgang Alexander Albert Edward Maximilian Reichsgraf Berge von Trips, ma ọ bụ naanị Teffi dị ka onye ọ bụla na-akpọ ya, bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala nwere ọgụgụ isi kachasị nke oge agha. N'agbanyeghị ọrịa shuga ya, o mere ngwa ngwa maka aha ya na egwu ma merie akụkọ ifo Targa Florio, na 1961 ọrụ Formula 1 malitere site na mmeri abụọ na ndị na-agba ọsọ abụọ na mmalite isii mbụ nke oge ahụ. N'ọsọ mpi nke Italian Grand Prix, von Trips malitere dị ka onye isi nke ọkwa ndị ahụ.

Mana iji gbalịa ịwakpo Jim Clark, onye German ahụ jidere ya n'azụ ụkwụ ya, ụgbọ ala ya fekwara na oche. Von Thrips na ndị nkiri 15 nwụrụ ozugbo. Nke a ka bụ ihe kacha njọ mere na usoro Formula 1. Aha ụwa dịịrị onye otu ya Ferrari Phil Hill, onye bụ naanị otu isi n'ihu ya.

Ayrton Senna, 1994

Nke a nwere ike bụrụ ọdachi nke tinyegoro mmetụta nke obi ọtụtụ mmadụ. N'otu aka, n'ihi na ọ gburu otu n'ime ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ elu kachasị elu. N'aka nke ọzọ, n'ihi na ọ mere n'oge a na-ewerela Formula 1 ka ọ bụrụ egwuregwu dị nchebe, na ọdachi kwa ọnwa nke 60, 70s na mmalite 80s bụ naanị ncheta. Ọ bụ ya mere ọnwụ nwa okorobịa Austrian Roland Ratzenberger na ntozu oke maka San Marino Grand Prix ji wụọ mmadụ niile akpata oyi. Mana n'echi ya, n'etiti agbụrụ ahụ, ụgbọ ala Senna gbapụrụ n'ụzọ ahụ na mberede wee daba na mgbidi nchekwa na ọsọ nke 233 km / h.

Mgbe a dọpụtara ya n'okpuru mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ, ọ ka nwere ahụ ike na-esighị ike, ndị dọkịta mere tracheotomy na ntụpọ ahụ wee jiri helikọpta kpọga ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ. Kaosinadị, ekwuputara oge ọnwụ oge awa nke ọnwụ. Dịka onye na-ama aka, Ayrton Senna na-abụkarị onye aghụghọ kpamkpam n'ịchụso mmeri. Mana n'ime ụgbọ ala ya mebiri, ha hụrụ ọkọlọtọ Austrian, nke Ayrton zubere ịrapara na steepụ na ncheta Ratzenberger, nke gosipụtara ọzọ na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri a na-eme ihe ike na obi ọjọọ bụkwa ezigbo mmadụ.

Pierre Loewegh, 1955

Aha onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu France a apụtaghị ihe ọ bụla nye gị. Mana ọ na-abịa na ọdachi kachasị ukwuu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke motorsport - nke buru oke ibu nke na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bute mmachibido iwu ya.

Agbanyeghị, nke a abụghị nsogbu Loeweg. Na June 11, 1955, na elekere 24 nke Le Mans, onye England Mike Hawthorne batara na ịkụ ọkpọ na mberede. Nke a na - eme ka Lance McLean tụgharịa nke ọma ka ọ ghara iti ya ihe, mana ụgbọ ala McLean kụrụ Lövegh ozugbo na ntanetị (Juan Manuel Fangio ji ọrụ ebube jikwaa ị ga-aga ma zere otu ihe ahụ). Egburu Levegh ya na ndị ọzọ iri asatọ na atọ, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bepụrụ isi ha n'ụzọ nkịtị. Ndị marshal na-anwa iji mmiri kpochapụ magnesium Levegh na-ere ọkụ ma na-eme ka ọkụ ahụ dịkwuo ọkụ.

Agbanyeghị, asọmpi a na-aga n'ihu n'ihi na ndị na-ahazi achọghị ịtụ ndị fọdụrụ ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ndị na-ekiri ha egwu. Hawthorne n'onwe ya laghachiri na egwu ahụ ma mesịa merie agbụrụ ahụ. Ọ lara ezumike nká afọ atọ ka ọ nwụsịrị ezigbo enyi ya bụ Peter Collins ma nwụọ ka ọnwa atọ gachara na mberede ụgbọ ala na nso London.

Ọdachi nke Le Mans fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kwụsị njedebe ụgbọ ala na mkpokọta. Ọtụtụ gọọmentị na-amachibido ịgba ọsọ ụgbọ ala na ndị nkwado kachasị na-ahapụ. Ọ ga-ewe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ tupu egwuregwu ahụ amaliteghachi.