3rd Army nke Polish Army

Ọzụzụ Sniper.

Akụkọ banyere ndị agha Polish dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ jikọtara ya na ụzọ ọgụ nke 1st Polish Army si Warsaw site na Pomeranian Val, Kolobrzeg ruo Berlin. Agha ọjọọ nke 2nd Polish Army dị nso na Bautzen ka dịtụ na ndò. N'aka nke ọzọ, obere oge nke ịdị adị nke 3 Polish Army maara naanị otu obere ìgwè ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi. Isiokwu a bu n'obi ịkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke nguzobe nke ndị agha a echefuru echefu ma cheta ọnọdụ dị egwu nke ndị agha Polish nke ndị ọchịchị Kọmunist kpọrọ oku ga-eje ozi.

Afọ 1944 wetara Wehrmacht nnukwu mmeri na Eastern Front. Ọ bịara doo anya na ndị Red Army na-arụ nke dum n'ókèala nke abụọ Polish Republic bụ naanị oge. N'ikwekọ na mkpebi ndị e mere na Tehran Conference, Poland ga-abanye na mpaghara Soviet mmetụta. Nke a pụtara mfu nke ọbụbụeze nke Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Gọọmenti ziri ezi nke Republic of Poland bụ́ ndị e mere ka ha jee biri n’ala ọzọ enweghị ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke agha ime ka ihe omume gbanwee.

N'otu oge ahụ, ndị Kọmunist Polish na USSR, gbakọtara gburugburu Eduard Osobka-Moravsky na Wanda Wasilewska, malitere ịmepụta Kọmitii Polish nke National Liberation (PKNO) - ọchịchị nwa nkịta nke kwesịrị ịnara ikike na Poland ma mee ya na mba ahụ. mmasị nke Jozef Stalin. Kemgbe 1943, ndị Kọmunist anọgidewo na-eguzobe nkeji nke ndị agha Polish, nke e mesịrị kpọọ "Ndị mmadụ" Army, nke, na-alụ ọgụ n'okpuru ikike nke Red Army, kwesịrị ime ka nkwupụta ha na-ekwu na ha bụ onye ndú na Poland n'anya obodo ụwa. .

A pụghị ikwubiga oke ókè nke ndị agha Poland bụ ndị lụrụ ọgụ na Eastern Front, ma ọ dị mma icheta na site n'etiti 1944 agha ahụ efunahụ Germany, na nsonye nke ogwe aka n'ọgụ agha abụghị ihe dị mkpa. usoro ya. Ihe okike na mgbasawanye nke ndị agha Polish na East bụ isi mkpa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Na mgbakwunye na nkwado iwu ahụ e kwuru n'elu na mba ụwa, ndị agha ahụ mere ka ọchịchị ọhụrụ ahụ dịkwuo elu n'anya ọha mmadụ ma bụrụ ngwá ọrụ bara uru nke mmanye megide òtù nnwere onwe na ndị nkịtị bụ ndị na-anwa anwa imegide Sovietization nke Poland.

Mgbasa ngwa ngwa nke ndị agha Polish, bụ́ nke weere ọnọdụ malite n’etiti 1944 n’okpuru isiokwu nke ịlụso Nazi Germany ọgụ, bụkwa ụdị nke ịchịkwa ndị ikom na-ahụ mba n’anya bụ́ ndị nọ n’ọgbọ agha ka ha ghara inye ndị agha nọ n’okpuru ala nri maka nnwere onwe. Ya mere, ọ na-esiri ike ịghọta "ndị mmadụ" Polish Army dị ka ihe ọ bụla karịa ogidi nke ọchịchị Kọmunist na-abụghị ọchịchị Poland.

Red Army na-abanye na Rzeszow - Soviet IS-2 tankị n'okporo ámá nke obodo; Ọnwa Nke Asatọ 2, 1944

Mgbasawanye nke Polish Army na ọkara nke abụọ nke 1944

Nbanye nke Red Army na mpụga ọwụwa anyanwụ nke abụọ Polish-Lithuania Commonwealth mere ka o kwe omume ịchịkọta ndị Ogwe ndị bi na ala ndị a n'ọkwa ha. Na July 1944, ndị agha Poland nọ na USSR dị 113, na 592st Polish Army na-alụ ọgụ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ.

Mgbe ha gafechara ahịrị ahụhụ, PKVN nyere ọha mmadụ Polish akwụkwọ akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke ekwuputara na Julaị 22, 1944. Ebe a mara ọkwa ahụ bụ Chelm. N'ezie, Stalin bịanyere aka na ya ma kwado ya na Moscow ụbọchị abụọ tupu mgbe ahụ. Ihe ngosi a pụtara n'ụdị ọkwa ọkwa yana iwu mbụ nke Kọmitii Ntọhapụ Mba Poland dị ka ikike nwa oge. Gọọmenti Poland nọ n'ala ọzọ na ogwe aka ya dị na Poland, Home Army (AK), katọrọ nkwupụta nke onwe ya, ma, n'ihi ikike ndị agha nke Red Army, emeghị ka ndị PKKN kwatuo.

Mkpughe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke PKWN kpalitere mgbasawanye nke ndị agha Polish ọzọ. Na July 1944, Polish Army na USSR jikọtara ya na ndị agha ndị mmadụ - otu akụkụ nke ndị Kọmunist na Poland, na High Command of Polish Army (NDVP) na brig. Michal Rola-Zymerski nọ n'isi. Otu n'ime ọrụ onye ọchịagha ọhụrụ ahụ setịpụrụ bụ mgbasawanye nke ndị agha Polish site n'iweta okporo osisi sitere na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Vistula. Dị ka atụmatụ mmepe mbụ si dị, ndị agha Polish ga-enwe mmadụ 400 1. ndị agha wee mepụta njikọ aka nke gị - Polish Front, nke emere n'ihu Soviet dị ka 1st Belorussian Front ma ọ bụ nke iri abụọ na anọ nke Ukraine.

N'ime oge a na-enyocha ya, Józef Stalin mere mkpebi ndị dị mkpa banyere Poland. E gosipụtara echiche nke ịmepụta Front Polish nke Rolya-Zhymerski1 na Stalin n'oge nleta mbụ ya na Kremlin na July 6, 1944. okwu. Ọ bụghị n'enweghị enyemaka nke ndị òtù Soviet, bụ ndị haziri ụgbọ elu ahụ, ma n'otu oge ahụ buru ndị enyi ha merụrụ ahụ n'ụgbọ. Mgbalị mbụ e mere enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma, ụgbọ elu ahụ dara mgbe ọ na-achọ ịpụ. Ọchịagha Rola-Zhymersky si n'ọdachi ahụ pụta n'enweghị mmerụ ahụ. Na mgbalị nke abụọ, ụgbọ elu ahụ bujuru ibu esisi ike pụọ n'ọdụ ụgbọelu ahụ.

N'oge ndị na-ege ntị na Kremlin, Rola-Zymerski kwenyesiri ike na Stalin na ọ bụrụ na Poland enweta ngwá agha, ngwá ọrụ na enyemaka ndị ọrụ, ọ ga-enwe ike ịzụlite ndị agha nke otu nde ga-emeri Germany ọnụ na Red Army. N'izo aka na ngụkọ ya dabere na ikike ịchịkọta ndị agha tupu agha nke abụọ Polish-Lithuania Commonwealth, Rolya-Zhymersky chere na Polish Front dị ka ihe mejupụtara ndị agha atọ jikọtara ọnụ. Ọ dọtara uche Stalin na ohere nke iwebata ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto nke Home Army n'ime ọkwa nke Polish Army, bụ nke a na-ekwu na esemokwu dị n'etiti ndị ọrụ iwu na ndị agha na-eto eto n'ihi amụma nke gọọmentị na-ejegharị na London. O buru amụma na ndị agha Polish nke nha a ga-enwe ike imetụta ọnọdụ ndị bi na ya, belata mkpa ndị agha Home dị na ọha mmadụ ma si otú a gbochie mwepụta nke esemokwu fratricidal.

Stalin nwere obi abụọ banyere atụmatụ Rol-Zhymersky. Ọ tụkwasịghị obi na ikike ịchịkọta ndị Poland na iji ndị ọrụ ndị agha Home. O meghị mkpebi siri ike na okike nke Polish Front, ọ bụ ezie na o kwere nkwa na ya na General Staff nke Red Army ga-ekwurịta ọrụ a. The obi ụtọ General Rola-Zhymersky natara ya na nkwenye nke onye ndú nke USSR.

Mgbe a na-atụle atụmatụ maka mmepe nke Polish Army, e kpebiri na na njedebe nke 1944 ike ya kwesịrị ịbụ 400 puku mmadụ. ndị mmadụ. Na mgbakwunye, Rola-Zhymerski kwetara na a ga-akwadebe akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi gbasara echiche mgbasawanye nke Polish Army site n'aka General Staff of the Red Army. Dị ka General Rol-Zhymersky chepụtara na July 1944, Polish Front ga-enwe ndị agha atọ jikọtara ọnụ. N'oge na-adịghị anya, 1st Polish Army na USSR ka a kpọgharịrị aha nke mbụ Polish Army (AWP), e nwekwara atụmatụ ịmepụta abụọ ọzọ: 1nd na 2rd GDP.

Ndị agha ọ bụla ga-enwe: ngalaba ise nke ndị agha, otu ndị agha mgbochi ụgbọ elu, ndị agha egbe ise, ndị agha agha, ụgbọ agha tankị dị arọ, brigade injinia na brigade. Otú ọ dị, n'ime nzukọ nke abụọ ya na Stalin na August 1944, a gbanwere atụmatụ ndị a. Na mkpofu nke 3rd AWP kwesịrị inwe ọ bụghị ise, ma anọ na-agba ọsọ nkewa, a gbahapụrụ guzobe nke ise ogbunigwe brigades, na ihu ọma nke otu ogbunigwe brigade na ngwa agha regiment, ha hapụrụ guzobe otu tankị. Ndị agha mgbochi ụgbọ elu ka na-enye mkpuchi sitere na mwakpo ikuku. E nwere otu brigade nke sappers na otu brigade. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, e mere atụmatụ ịmepụta brigade mgbochi mgbochi tankị na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta: nkwukọrịta, nchedo kemịkalụ, ihe owuwu, onye na-elekọta ụlọ, wdg.

Dabere na arịrịọ nke General Rol-Zhymersky, Red Army Headquarters na August 13, 1944 nyere ntụziaka maka nguzobe nke Polish Front, nke kwesịrị ịbụ 270 puku mmadụ. ndị agha. O yikarịrị, General Rola-Zymerski n'onwe ya nyere ndị agha niile dị n'ihu iwu iwu, ma ọ bụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala Stalin mere ka o doo ya anya na nke a ga-abụ. AWP nke mbụ nọ n'okpuru iwu nke onye isi izugbe. Sigmunt Beurling, iwu nke AWP nke abụọ ka a ga-enye onye isi izugbe. Stanislav Poplavsky, na 1rd AWP - General Karol Swierchevsky.

Na ọkwa mbụ nke ihe omume ahụ, nke kwesịrị ịdịru ruo etiti Septemba 15, 1944, ekwesịrị ka ọ bụrụ iwu nke Polish Front yana ngalaba nchekwa, isi ụlọ ọrụ nke 2 na 3rd AWP, yana nkeji ndị bụ akụkụ nke mbụ n’ime ndị agha ndị a. Enweghị ike ịchekwa atụmatụ a chọrọ. Iwu nke e guzobere 3rd AWP malitere site n'aka General Rola-Zhymersky naanị n'October 6, 1944. Site n'iwu a, a chụpụrụ 2nd Infantry Division na 6th AWP na iwu ahụ nọ n'okpuru ndị agha.

N'otu oge ahụ, e hiwere ngalaba ọhụrụ na mpaghara ndị a: Iwu nke AWP nke atọ, ya na ndị isi iwu, ọrụ, nkeji iri na ise na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị uwe ojii - Zwierzyniec, na Tomaszow-Lubelsky; Nkeji agha nke isii - Przemysl; Nkeji nke 3 nke ndị agha - Rzeszow; Nkeji egbe nke 6 - Krasnystav; Nkeji nke 10 nke ndị agha - Zamostye; 11th sapper brigade - Yaroslav, mgbe ahụ Tarnavka; 12th pontoon-bridge battalion - Yaroslav, na mgbe ahụ Tarnavka; Battalion nchebe kemịkalụ nke anọ - Zamosc; Ndị agha tank dị arọ nke isii - Helm.

N'October 10, 1944, General Rola-Zhymersky nyere iwu ka e guzobe nkeji ọhụrụ wee kwado subordination nke AWP nke atọ emepụtala. N'otu oge ahụ, e wepụrụ 3rd pontoon-bridge battalion na 3rd Polish Army, bụ nke e bufere na 35th pontoon brigade si NDVP Reserve: 3rd mgbochi-ụgbọelu artillery division - Siedlce; 4th arọ ogbunigwe brigade - Zamostye; 10th mgbochi tank ogbunigwe brigade - Krasnystav; Usoro ngwa agha nke 11 - Zamostye; Nkeji nleba anya nke anọ - Zwierzynets; 4th chọpụtara na akuko ụlọ ọrụ - Tomaszow-Lubelsky (na ndị agha n'isi ụlọ ọrụ).

Na mgbakwunye na nkeji ndị dị n'elu, 3rd AWP kwesịrị ịgụnye ọtụtụ obere nchekwa na nchekwa ndị ọzọ: usoro mgbasa ozi nke 5th, battalion nke 12th, 26th, 31st, 33rd, 35th Communications ụlọ ọrụ , 7th, 9th automobile battalions. , Ụlọ ọrụ mkpanaaka nke asaa na nke itoolu, ndị agha na-arụzi okporo ụzọ 7, batalion ụlọ bridge 9, batalion ụlọ nke iri na ise, yana nkuzi ndị ọrụ cadet na ndị ọrụ mmụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ụlọ akwụkwọ.

N'ime nkeji ndị a kpọtụrụ aha, ọ bụ naanị 4th anti-aircraft artillery division (4th DAplot) nọ na njedebe ikpeazụ nke nhazi - na October 25, 1944, ọ rutere steeti 2007 na ọnụ ọgụgụ 2117 a haziri ahazi. Ndị agha tankị dị arọ nke 6, nke bụ akụkụ nke Soviet, dịkwa njikere maka ọrụ ọgụ, ebe ọ bụ na ngwá ọrụ niile, gụnyere ndị ọrụ na ndị isi, sitere na Red Army. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, site na November 15, 1944, e guzobere Soviet ọzọ bụ ịbanye n'òtù ndị agha - brigade 32nd tank na ndị ọrụ na ngwá ọrụ.

Ekwesịrị ịmepụta nkeji ndị ọzọ site na ọkọ. Edebere ụbọchị mmecha ule maka Nọvemba 15, 1944. Nke a bụ nnukwu ndudue, ebe ọ bụ na ihe isi ike bilitere n'oge e guzobere 2nd Polish Army, na-atụ aro na ọ gaghị ekwe omume izute oge a. N'ụbọchị mgbe AWP nke abụọ kwesịrị ịga oge niile, ya bụ Septemba 2, 15, enwere naanị mmadụ 1944 29 na ya. ndị mmadụ - 40% emechara.

General Karol Swierczewski ghọrọ ọchịagha nke 3rd AWP. Na Septemba 25, o nyere iwu nke 2nd AWP wee pụọ maka Lublin, ebe n'ime ụlọ dị n'okporo ámá. Shpitalnaya 12 chịkọtara n'onwe ya otu ndị ọrụ echere maka ọkwá n'ọchịchị ndị agha. Mgbe ahụ, ha gara nlegharị anya nke obodo ndị e zubere maka mpaghara nhazi nke nkeji. Dabere na nsonaazụ nyocha ahụ, General Swierczewski nyere iwu ịnyefe iwu nke 3 AWP site na Zwierzyniec na Tomaszow-Lubelski wee kpebie ibuga nkeji azụ.

E hiwere òtù na-achị isi nke AWP nke atọ dịka otu usoro ahụ si dị na nke 3st na 1nd AWP. Colonel Aleksey Gryshkovsky weghaara onye agha ogbunigwe, onye bụbu ọchịagha nke 2st Armored Brigade, Brig. Jan Mezhitsan, ndị agha injinia ga-abụ ndị brig nyere iwu. Antony Germanovich, ndị agha mgbaàmà - Colonel Romuald Malinovsky, ndị agha kemịkalụ - Major Alexander Nedzimovsky, Colonel Alexander Kozhukh bụ onye isi nke ngalaba ndị ọrụ, Colonel Ignacy Shipitsa weere ọnọdụ nke quartermaster, ndị agha gụnyekwara Council Political and Educational Council. iwu - n'okpuru iwu nke a isi. Mechislav Shleyen (PhD, onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị Kọmunist, onye agha obodo Spanish) na ngalaba ozi ndị agha, nke Colonel Dmitry Voznesensky na-achị, onye uwe ojii na-ahụ maka nchekwa ndị agha Soviet.

Iwu mpaghara nke AWP nke atọ nwere nchekwa onwe ya na ngalaba nchekwa nke gụnyere: ụlọ ọrụ gendarmerie nke asatọ na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala nke 3th; onye isi ndị agha nwere batrị ogbunigwe nke isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ise n'aka ya, ozi agha na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ nke iri nke ngalaba ozi ahụ. Ndị agha niile dị n'elu nọ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha dị na Tomaszow Lubelski. Ndị agha ahụ gụnyekwara akwụkwọ ozi, ego, ebe ọmụmụ ihe na ụlọ ọrụ nrụzi.

Usoro nke ịmepụta iwu na ndị ọrụ nke 3rd Polish Army, yana ndị ọrụ nọ n'okpuru ya, ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ ezie na ruo na Nọvemba 20, 1944, ọ bụ naanị 58% nke ndị isi oge niile nke ndị isi na ndị isi ọrụ na nkewa jupụtara, mana nke a emetụtaghị mmepe nke AWP nke atọ.

Mkpọkọta

Ndebanye aha na Polish Army malitere na iwu nke Polish Committee of National Liberation of August 15, 1944 na nhọpụta nke conscripts na 1924, 1923, 1922 na 1921, yana ndị uwe ojii, na-edobe ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrụ, ndị òtù nke mbụ n'okpuruala. òtù ndị agha, ndị dọkịta, ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ ruru eru ndị bara uru na agha.

Ndị Kọmishọna Replenishment Commission (RKU) ga-eme nkwado na ndebanye aha nke ndị agha, bụ ndị emebere n'ọtụtụ mpaghara na obodo voivodship.

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na mpaghara ebe a na-ede akwụkwọ ahụ gosipụtara omume na-adịghị mma n'ebe PKWN nọ ma were gọọmentị na-eme njem na London na ndị nnọchiteanya ya na mba ahụ dị ka nanị ikike ziri ezi. Mpụ ndị NKVD mere megide ndị nọ n'okpuruala Polish maka nnwere onwe mere ka iwe ya siri ike maka ndị Kọmunist sikwuo ike. Ya mere, ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na mgbe Home Army na ndị ọzọ dị n'okpuru ala òtù mara ọkwa na ha ga-aka nke mkpokọta, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mmadụ kwadoro votu ha. Na mgbakwunye na ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, usoro nchịkọta ahụ na-emetụta site na ọgụ ndị a na-eme na mpaghara mpaghara n'okpuru ikike nke RCU ọ bụla.

Enweghị njem ụgbọ njem na-egbochi ọrụ nke kọmitii na-arụ ọrụ n'obodo ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ site na kọmitii na-emejupụta mpaghara. O zughịkwa ezu inye RKU ego, akwụkwọ na ndị ruru eru kwesịrị ekwesị.

Ọ dịghị onye ọ bụla na Kolbuszovsky poviat, nke nọ n'okpuru RCU Tarnobrzeg. Otu ihe ahụ mere na ụfọdụ powiats na RCU Yaroslav. Na mpaghara RCU Siedlce, ihe dị ka 40% nke ndị debanyere aha jụrụ ịchịkọta. Na mgbakwunye, mmadụ ole na ole bịara na RKU ndị ọzọ karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya. Ọnọdụ a mụbara enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke ndị isi agha n'ebe ndị mmadụ nọ, a na-ewerekwa ndị sonyeere ndị agha dị ka ndị nwere ike ịgbahapụ. Ihe akaebe nke ụkpụrụ ndị mepụtara na bọọdụ a na-edepụta akwụkwọ bụ ihe akaebe nke otu n'ime ndị agha agha nke 39th squad nke 10th DP:

(...) mgbe ndị Russia banyere na nnwere onwe e chere n'ebe ahụ, na June-July [1944], na ozugbo na August e nwere mkpokọta n'ime ndị agha na 2nd Army e guzobere. N'August 16, a na-akpọbu oku maka ọrụ agha. Ma ihe a kpọrọ ya, ọ dịghị ọkwa, nanị akwụkwọ mmado eyịride n'ụlọ na naanị Yearbooks si 1909 ruo 1926, otú ọtụtụ afọ gara agha ozugbo. E nwere ebe nchịkọta na Rudki2, mgbe ahụ, na mgbede, a kpọrọ anyị si Rudka gaa Drohobych. Ndị Russia na-edu anyị, ndị agha Rọshịa ji égbè. Anyị nọrọ na Drohobych izu abụọ, n’ihi na ọbụna ọtụtụ mmadụ na-agbakọta, izu abụọ ka e mesịrị, anyị hapụrụ Drogobych gaa Yaroslav. Na Yaroslav, a naghị akwụsị anyị naanị mgbe Yaroslav dị na Pelkin, ọ bụ obodo dị otú ahụ, e tinyere anyị n'ebe ahụ. Mgbe e mesịrị, ndị uwe ojii yi uwe ndị Poland si ebe ahụ bịa, nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị agha nke ọzọ kwuru ndị agha ole ọ chọrọ ma họrọ anyị. Ha kpọkọtara anyị n'ahịrị abụọ wee họrọ nke a, nke, nke, nke ahụ. Ndị uwe ojii ga-abịa họrọ onwe ha. Ya mere, otu onye uwe ojii, bụ́ onyeisi ndị agha, duuru anyị ise banye n’ime ogbunigwe ọkụ.

Ma otu ahụ ka Cpr. Kazimierz Wozniak, onye jere ozi na batrị ngwa agha nke 25th Infantry Regiment of the 10th Infantry Division: Oku a mere na ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-ahụkarị, na ụda egbe egbe mgbe niile site n'ihu dị nso, mkpu na ụzụ nke ogbunigwe na efe efe. ngwa agha. n'elu anyị. Nọvemba 11 [1944] anyị abanyelarị na Rzeszow. Site n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè ruo n'ogige nke abụọ idobere égbè regiment4 anyị na-esonyere anyị na igwe mmadụ na-achọ ịmata ihe. Enwere m mmasị na ọnọdụ ọhụrụ ahụ mgbe m gafere ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke ogige ahụ. Kedu ihe m chere n'onwe m, ndị agha Polish, na iwu Soviet, nyere iwu ka ọ bụrụ ọkwa kacha ala. Ihe ndị a bụ mmetụta na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ. Achọpụtara m ngwa ngwa na ike na-abụkarị maka ọrụ karịa ogo. N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, enwere m ya n'onwe m mgbe e mesịrị, mgbe m jere ozi n'ọrụ ọtụtụ oge [...] Mgbe awa ole na ole gachara n'ogige ahụ ma dọba anyị n'àkwà ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, a na-asa anyị ahụ́ ma mee ka ahụ́ gwụ anyị, bụ́ usoro ihe a na-emekarị mgbe anyị si n'aka onye nkịtị gaa agha. Klas malitere ozugbo ozugbo, ebe e hiwere ngalaba ọhụrụ yana achọrọ mgbakwunye.

Nsogbu ọzọ bụ na bọọdụ ndị a na-edepụta akwụkwọ, ná mgbalị e mere iji nweta ndị agha ga-ezuru ha, na-ewekarị ndị na-erughị eru ije ozi n’òtù ndị agha. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ndị nwere ahụ ike na-adịghị mma, na-ata ahụhụ site na ọtụtụ ọrịa, batara na unit ahụ. Eziokwu dị ịtụnanya na-akwado ọrụ adịghị mma nke RCU bụ izipu ndị dị arọ na-arịa ọrịa akwụkwụ ma ọ bụ nnukwu ahụhụ na-ahụ anya na 6th tank Regiment.

Ngalaba na ebe ha nọ

Isi ụdị nke kenkwucha unit na 3rd Polish Army bụ ndị agha nkewa. Nhazi nke ngalaba ndị agha Polish dabeere na ọnọdụ Soviet nke Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Nchebe Rifle, bụ nke gbanwere maka mkpa nke ndị agha Polish, gụnyere ịgbakwunye nlekọta anụ ụlọ. Ike nke ngalaba ndị nche Soviet bụ nnukwu saturation nke egbe igwe na ngwa agha, adịghị ike bụ enweghị ngwá agha mgbochi ụgbọ elu na enweghị ụgbọ njem okporo ụzọ. Dị ka tebụl ndị ọrụ si kwuo, ngalaba ahụ kwesịrị inwe ndị ọrụ 1260, ndị ọrụ 3238 na-abụghị ndị ọrụ, 6839 ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị ọrụ, ngụkọta nke mmadụ 11.

E guzobere 6th Rifle Regiment site n'iwu nke ọchịagha nke 1st Polish Army na USSR, General Berling na July 5, 1944, nke mejupụtara: iwu na ndị ọrụ, 14th, 16th, 18th rifle regiments (pp), 23rd light artillery regiment. (dara), 6th battalion ọzụzụ, 5th armored artillery squadron, 6th reconnaissance ụlọ ọrụ, 13th engineer battalion, 15th ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta, 6th chemical ụlọ ọrụ, 8th moto Transport Company, 7-th field bakery, 6th Sanitary Battalion, 6th veterinary artillery ambulances platoon, mobile uniformed workshops, field mail No. 3045, 1867 field bank cash table, Military information Department.

Dị ka atụmatụ mmepe nke Polish Army si dị, 6th Infantry Division etinyere na 2nd AWP. Ihe isi ike ndị bilitere na nhazi nke unit ahụ mere ka ọ ghara igbu oge, n'ihi nke a na-atụ anya imecha ụbọchị maka nhazi nke ngalaba ahụ kwekọrọ na ụbọchị e kere AWP nke atọ. Nke a kpaliri General Rola-Zymerski ka ọ wepụ 3th Infantry Division na 6nd AWP wee sonye na 2rd AWP, nke mere na 3 October 12.

Na July 24, 1944, Colonel Ivan Kostyachin, Chief of Staff Lieutenant Colonel Stefan Zhukovsky na Quartermaster Lieutenant Colonel Maxim Titarenko rutere na nhazi mpaghara nke 6th Infantry Division. nguzobe nke 50th Infantry Division. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ndị ọrụ 4 họpụtara dị ka ndị isi otu na otu ndị nzuzo jikọtara ha. Na September 1944, General Gennady Ilyich Sheipak ​​rutere, onye na-achị nke nkewa na jide ya ruo ọgwụgwụ nke agha. Na mbido August 50, ụgbọ njem buru ibu na ndị mmadụ malitere ịbịarute, yabụ nguzobe nke ndị agha ụmụaka malitere. Na njedebe nke August, unit ahụ ruru 34% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ enyere maka ọrụ mgbe niile. Ọ bụ ezie na enweghi ụkọ nke nzuzo, enwere mmejọ dị njọ na onye ọrụ nchịkwa, nke na-agafeghị 15% nke ihe a chọrọ, na ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị ọrụ naanị XNUMX% nke ọkwa oge niile.

Na mbụ, 6th Rifle Division nọ na mpaghara Zhytomyr-Barashuvka-Bogun. N’August 12, 1944, e mere mkpebi ịhazigharị nke 6th Infantry Division na Przemysl. Dị ka iwu General Sverchevsky si kwuo, nhazigharị ahụ mere site na August 23 ruo Septemba 5, 1944. Nkewa ahụ kwagara n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọhụrụ ahụ. Isi ụlọ ọrụ, ụlọ ọrụ nyocha, ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta na ndị agha ahụike nọ n'ụlọ dị n'okporo ụzọ. Mickiewicz na Przemysl. The 14th Infantry Regiment tolitere n'ime obodo Zhuravitsa na Lipovitsa, 16th na 18th Infantry Regiment na, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị ọzọ dị iche iche, nọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ dị na Zasanie - akụkụ ugwu nke Przemysl. Osisi nke iri abụọ na atọ dị n'ime obodo Pikulice, nke dị na ndịda obodo ahụ.

Ka ha gbakọtachara na Septemba 15, 1944, a matara ngalaba nke isii dị ka e hiwere wee malite mmemme a haziri ahazi. N'ezie, usoro nke replenishing onye statuses gara n'ihu. Mkpa ọ bụla maka ọkwá ndị ọrụ na ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrụ bụ nanị 6% afọ juru. Ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, njupụta nke ndị ikom e debara aha ha n'akwụkwọ, ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere ike ibuli elu ka ha bụrụ ndị sejenti na klas nke otu. N'agbanyeghị emezighị emezi, 50th Rifle Division bụ nke kacha dechara nke 6 Polish Army, nke bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na usoro nke e guzobe ya dịruru ọnwa anọ ogologo karịa atọ ndị ọzọ nkewa na ndị agha.

Nkeji egbe nke iri gụnyere: iwu na ndị ọrụ, 10th, 25th, 27th rifle regiment, 29th pipe, 39th training battalion, 10th armored artillery squadron, 13th reconnaissance company, 10st engineer battalion, 21st engineer battalion, ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi kemịkalụ nke 19, ụlọ ọrụ na-ebufe ụgbọ ala nke 9, 15th ụlọ ọrụ, 11 ubi bakery, 12th sanitary battalion, 10 ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ ụgbọ ihe mberede, artillery akara platoon, mobile edo ogbako, ubi post Nke 3065. 1886, 6. Ubi akụ ego oche, ngalaba nke agha ozi. Colonel Andrei Afanasyevich Czartorozhsky bụ nkewa ọchịagha.

Nhazi nke 10th Infantry Division mere na Rzeszów na gburugburu ya. N'ihi enweghị ebe a na-emezigharị maka mkpa ndị agha, e kewara ndị otu ahụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke obodo ahụ. Iwu nke nkewa nwere ụlọ na Zamkova Street, 3. Isi ụlọ ọrụ nke 25th Infantry Regiment dị na ụlọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ụtụ isi tupu agha na. Na Mee 1, ndị agha 1st nọ n'ụlọ ndị dị n'okporo ámá. Lvovskaya, 2nd battalion n'okporo ámá. Koleeva, 3rd battalion n'azụ okporo ụzọ. Zamkov. The 27th Infantry Regiment tolitere na ihe onwunwe nke onye nnọchi anya Polish tupu agha na France, Alfred Chlapowski, n'ime obodo Slochina (obere oge ka e guzobechara ya, Battalion nke abụọ nke regiment kwagara n'ogige dị na Lwowska Street na Rzeszow). Ndị brigade 2 nọ ọdụ n'ebe a na-akpọ. ogige dị na St. Baldakhovka (n'etiti October, 29st battalion kwagara a tenement ụlọ na Lvovskaya Street). Okpokoro nke 1 dị ka ndị a: isi ụlọ ọrụ dị na ụlọ dị n'okporo ámá. Semiradsky, 39st squadron n'ụlọ dị nso na àkwà mmiri na Wisloka, 1nd squadron na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ọdụ, 2rd squadron na ụlọ nke mbụ akwa cellar n'okporo ámá. Lvov.

Dịka atụmatụ ahụ siri dị, ngalaba nke iri ga-emecha guzobe ya na ngwụcha Ọktoba 10, mana enweghị ike ịzọpụta ya. Na November 1944, 1, ndị ọrụ nke ngalaba ahụ bụ: ndị ọrụ 1944, ndị ọrụ 374 na-abụghị ndị ọrụ na 554 nzuzo, i.e. 3686% nke ndị ọrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na n'ime ụbọchị ndị na-eso nkewa ahụ natara ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị chọrọ nke nzuzo, ọbụna karịa oke eguzobe, ndị isi na ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị ọrụ ka ezughị. Ruo na Nọvemba 40,7, 20, ndị ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ bụ 1944% nke ndị ọrụ oge niile na ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrụ - 39%. Nke a dị ntakịrị iji tụlee nkewa ahụ etolite

na dabara maka ọgụ.

Nkeji egbe nke iri na otu gụnyere: iwu na ndị ọrụ, 11th, 20nd, 22th rifle, 24nd pipe, 42th battalions training, 11th armored artillery squadron, 9th reconnaissance company, 11 -th sapper battalion, 22th sapper battalion, 17th ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta ụgbọ ala, 8th ụlọ ọrụ na-ekwurịta okwu, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ 16th. Transport ụlọ ọrụ, 11 ubi bred, 13 sanitary battalion, 11th ọgwụgwọ ọrịa anụmanụ outpatient ụlọ ọgwụ, artillery isi ụlọ ọrụ platoon, mobile edo ogbako , ubi mail Nke 3066, 1888 ubi akụ ego oche, akwụkwọ ntụaka ngalaba nke ndị agha.