Afọ 40 nke ọrụ helikopta Black Hawk
UH-60L nwere ihe mgbochi 105 mm kwụsịtụrụ na-apụ n'oge mmemme ọzụzụ na Fort Drum, New York, Julaị 18, 2012. Ndị agha US
Na October 31, 1978, Sikorsky UH-60A Black Hawk helikopta banyere ọrụ na US Army. Ruo afọ 40, a na-eji helikopta ndị a mee njem dị ka ụzọ ụgbọ njem, nchụpụ ahụike, ọchụchọ na nnapụta na nyiwe ebumnuche pụrụ iche na ndị agha US. Site na nkwalite ndị ọzọ, Black Hawk kwesịrị ịdị na-arụ ọrụ ruo opekata mpe 2050.
Ugbu a, a na-eji ihe dị ka helikopta 4 N-60 na ụwa. Ihe dị ka 1200 n'ime ha bụ Black Hawks na ụdị H-60M kachasị ọhụrụ. Onye kasị ukwuu nke Black Hawk bụ US Army, nke nwere ihe atụ 2150 na mgbanwe dị iche iche. N'ime ndị agha US, helikopta Black Hawk abanyelarị ihe karịrị awa ụgbọ elu 10 nde.
N'ọgwụgwụ 60, ndị agha US chepụtara ihe mbụ chọrọ maka helikopta ọhụrụ iji dochie helikopta ọtụtụ ọrụ UH-1 Iroquois. E weputara mmemme akpọrọ UTTAS (Utility Tactical Transport Aircraft System), ya bụ. "Multipurpose tactical air transport system." N'otu oge ahụ, ndị agha malitere mmemme iji mepụta engine turboshaft ọhụrụ, nke mere ka e nwee mmejuputa iwu nke ezinụlọ General Electric T700 ọhụrụ. Na Jenụwarị 1972, ndị agha ahụ nyefere arịrịọ ya na UTTAS. Nkọwapụta, nke e mepụtara dabere na ahụmahụ nke Agha Vietnam, chere na helikopta ọhụrụ ahụ kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi nke ukwuu, na-eguzogide obere ọkụ ọkụ, dị mfe ma dị ọnụ ala iji rụọ ọrụ. Ekwesịrị inwe injin abụọ, igwe hydraulic dual, sistemu eletriki na njikwa, usoro mmanụ ọkụ nwere nguzogide nke obere ọkụ na mmetụta ya na ala n'oge ọdịda mberede, nnyefe nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ọkara elekere mgbe mmanụ nwusịrị, ụlọ nwere ike iguzogide ọdịda mberede, oche ndị agha maka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na ndị njem, chassis wheel nwere ihe na-ekpo ọkụ mmanụ na rotors dị jụụ na nke siri ike.
Helikopta ahụ ga-enwe ndị ọrụ mmadụ anọ na ebe ndị agha iri na otu nwere ihe zuru oke. Ihe e ji mara helikopta ọhụrụ ahụ gụnyere: mkpirisi ọsọ ọsọ. 272 km / h, ọsọ ịrị elu kwụ ọtọ. 137 m / min, ike ịkwagharị na elu nke 1220 m na ikuku ikuku nke + 35 Celsius C, na oge ụgbọ elu na ibu zuru ezu kwesịrị ịbụ awa 2,3. Otu n'ime isi ihe achọrọ maka mmemme UTTAS bụ ikike ibunye helikopta n'ụgbọelu C-141 Starlifter ma ọ bụ C-5 Galaxy na-enweghị mgbakasị mgbagwoju anya. Nke a kpebisiri ike na akụkụ nke helikopta (karịsịa elu) na-amanye iji a collapsible isi rotor, ọdụ unit na ọdịda gia na ike abịakọrọ (wedata).
Abụọ ndị na-aga ime sonyere na nro: Sikorsky na YUH-60A prototype (ụdị S-70) na Boeing-Vertol na YUH-61A (ihe nlereanya 179). Na arịrịọ nke ndị agha, ma prototypes ji General Electric T700-GE-700 engine na ike kacha nke 1622 hp. (1216 kW). Sikorsky wuru YUH-60A prototypes anọ, nke mbụ n'ime ha na-efe na October 17, 1974. Na March 1976, atọ YUH-60A e nyere ndị Army, na Sikorsky ji nke anọ prototype maka ule nke ya.
Na December 23, 1976 Sikorsky kwuru onye mmeri nke mmemme UTTAS, na-enweta nkwekọrịta ịmalite obere mmepụta nke UH-60A. N'oge na-adịghị anya, helikopta ọhụrụ a gbanwere aha Black Hawk. Enyere ndị agha UH-60A nke mbụ na Ọktoba 31, 1978. Na June 1979, ndị 60st Combat Aviation Brigade (CAB), 101st Airborne Division ji helikopta UH-101A.
Na nhazi njem (oche 3-4-4), UH-60A nwere ike iburu ndị agha 11 zuru oke. N'ime nhazi mkpochapụ nke ịdị ọcha, mgbe ọ kwụsịrị oche ndị njem asatọ ahụ, ọ na-ebu ihe ndọtị anọ. N'ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ, ọ nwere ike ibu ibu ihe ruru kilogram 3600. UH-60A nwere otu oche nwere ike iburu 102-mm M105 howitzer na-atụ kilogram 1496 na nko mpụga, yana ndị ọrụ ya niile nke mmadụ anọ na mgboagha 30 n'ime ụlọ ahụ. A na-emegharị windo n'akụkụ maka ịkwanye egbe igwe 144-mm M-60D n'elu M7,62 eluigwe na ala. M144 nwekwara ike kwadebere na 7,62 mm M240D/H na M134 Minigun igwe egbe. N'ime ala nke ụlọ njem, enwere ike itinye egbe abụọ 15-mm GAU-16 / A, GAU-18A ma ọ bụ GAU-12,7A na ogidi ndị pụrụ iche, nke na-eme n'akụkụ ma na-agbapụ site na oghere na-emeghe.
UH-60A nwere VHF-FM, UHF-FM na VHF-AM/FM redio yana Sistemụ Identification Alien (IFF). Ụzọ nchebe bụ isi bụ okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na mgbochi radar ejectors nke M130 cartridges n'akụkụ abụọ nke ọganihu ọdụ. Na ntụgharị nke 80s na 90s, helikopta natara usoro ịdọ aka ná ntị radar AN / APR-39 (V) na AN / ALQ-1 (V) na-arụ ọrụ infrared jamming ọdụ.
Emepụtara helikopta UH-60A Black Hawk na 1978-1989. N'oge ahụ, US Army natara ihe dị ka 980 UH-60A. Ugbu a enwere naanị ihe dị ka helikopta 380 na ụdị a. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, niile UH-60A engines natara T700-GE-701D engines, otu ndị arụnyere na UH-60M helikopta. Agbanyeghị, edochighị ngwo ndị ahụ yana UH-60A anaghị erite uru na oke ike nke injin ọhụrụ ahụ na-emepụta. Na 2005, a gbahapụrụ atụmatụ ịkwalite UH-60As fọdụrụ na ọkọlọtọ M wee mee mkpebi ịzụta ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke UH-60M ọhụrụ niile.
