Antishachi

Na mgbakwunye na chess oge gboo a ma ama n'ụwa, enwere ọtụtụ ọdịiche ndị ọzọ nke egwuregwu eze. Na mbipụta 12/2014 nke MT, edere m banyere chess nke Capablanca, bụ onye kwenyere na n'ọdịnihu ndị egwuregwu chess kacha mma ga-eru ọkwa dị elu nke na egwuregwu ha ga-akwụsị mgbe niile na eserese. Ya mere, n'afọ 1920, o mepụtara ụdị chess nke ọ na-ewebata iberibe ọhụrụ abụọ: archbishọp (na-emegharị dị ka bishọp na knight) na onyeisi oche (na-agagharị dị ka rook na knight). Capablanca chere na ịgbakwunye iberibe abụọ siri ike ga-ebelata ohere ịbịaru ma mee ka egwuregwu ahụ bụrụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị karị. N'aka nke ya, na mbipụta MT 7/2018, edere m banyere Fischer chess, nke, iji zere atụmatụ mmeghe na-emekarị, a na-etinye mpempe akwụkwọ ndị ahụ n'usoro na nke mbụ na nke asatọ. Nhazi nke iberibe na chess oge gboo bụ otu n'ime nhazi 960 na chess random Fischer. Onye dike nke akụkọ taa ga-abụ onye na-emegide chess, ụdị chess, ọ bụkwa onye mgba ma ọ bụ onye ohi.

1. Imeghe ihe atụ nke egwuregwu ibe ya, ọnọdụ mgbe 3.b: c6

Nke a bụ ụdị chess na-adọrọ mmasị ma na-ewu ewu, ọ dịghị iche na chess oge gboo na iberibe. Onye ọkpụkpọ nke buru ụzọ tufuo iberibe ya niile ma ọ bụ enweghị ike ịme otu mmegharị iwu na-emeri. Iwu maka mmegharị nke iberibe na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ka ndị na chess oge gboo, na ihe dị iche na njide bụ iwu na ị nwere ike were eze na egwuregwu ahụ akwụsịghị ebe ahụ. Eze enweghị ikike eze ma na-emeso ya dị ka ihe ọ bụla ọzọ: ọ nweghị ikike nkedo, ọ dịghị egwu chess na checkmate, a pawn nke ruru square mgbanwe nwere ike ịkwalite ọ bụla ibe, gụnyere eze. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ọtụtụ iberibe a ga-ejide, onye ọkpụkpọ na-ahọrọ nke ọ ga-eweghara. Egwuregwu ahụ na-agwụ na eserese mgbe ndị egwuregwu na-ekwenye na eserese, a na-emeghachi ọnọdụ ahụ ugboro atọ, a na-eme mmegharị iri ise na-enweghị ijide ma na-akwagharị pawn, ma ọ bụ ọ dịghị onye ọkpụkpọ nwere ike imeri (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ndị egwuregwu abụọ nwere nanị bishọp, megidere ya. -rectangles agba).

Ihe atụ nke ịmalite egwuregwu mgbochi nyocha: mgbe 1.c4 b5 White kwesịrị iwere 2.c: b5 c6 White kwesịrị igwu 3.b: c6 na ugbu a (eserese 1) Black nwere ike họrọ igwu egwu 3…N:c6 ma ọ bụ 3…d:c6.

A maghị nke ọma mmalite nke mgbochi checkers. Na 70s a na-akpọ egwuregwu a "". Na mgbakwunye na isi, nhọrọ kachasị ewu ewu a tụlere n'isiokwu a, e mepụtala ọtụtụ ụdị mgbochi nyocha. Atụlela isi ihe dị iche iche, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, site n'aka David Pritchard n'akwụkwọ ahụ.

David Russell Pritchard (2), (1919-2005) Onye ọkpụkpọ chess Bekee, onye dere akwụkwọ na chess, onye isi na onye nchịkọta akụkọ 1972-1981. A maara ya nke ọma maka mkparịta ụka ya (1994) banyere ihe karịrị 1400 ụdị chess dị iche iche (3). Nke a sochiri nke a akwụkwọ (2000) na-akọwa egwuregwu 20. Mbipụta nke abụọ nke Encyclopedia of Chess Variations na-eru nso na-agwụcha n'oge ọnwụ Pritchard ma e bipụtara ya na 2007 n'okpuru aha.

3. David Pritchard, Chess efu, Encyclopedia of Chess Variations, 1994

Antishachi nwetara ewu ewu na narị afọ nke XNUMX, nke akwụkwọ ụfọdụ nyere aka na ụdị dị iche iche a na UK, Germany na Ịtali. Site na mmepe nke ịntanetị, igwe chess na ike igwu egwu n'ịntanetị (dịka ọmụmaatụ), ewu ewu nke egwuregwu chess abawanyela. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, e mepụtara ọtụtụ engines chess ọhụrụ, e mepụtala ọdụ data nke tebụl ikpeazụ, ihe ndị dị na usoro egwuregwu na echiche mmeghe maka ụdị chess a ka ebipụtara.

Mepee iji zere na Anti-Shash

N'ihi ụkpụrụ nke mmanye ijide ibe onye mmegide, ịtụfu egwuregwu na chess na-ebutekarị site n'agbụ ogologo nke mmanye ijide otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu. Nyochaa kọmpụta egosila na enwere ike ime ndudue na-eduga na mfu na mbụ. Mgbe 1.e4, 1.d4 na 1.d3 ndị egwuregwu nwere ahụmahụ nwere ike ịmegharị site na ebe nchekwa usoro dị mfe nke mmanye na-eduga na mmeri. White nwekwara oghere na-efunahụ mgbe 1.a3, 1.b4, 1.c3, 1.f3, 1.f4, 1.h3, 1.h4, 1.Nc3 na 1.Nf3.

4. Anti-checkers, ọnọdụ mgbe 1.e4 ?? b5 2.G:b5 Nf6 3.G:d7 S:e4

Ngwọta Grandmaster David Bronstein maka mmeri Black na mmegharị 17 ka e bipụtara 1.e4, 1.d4 na 1.d3 n'akwụkwọ ahụ e hotara na mbụ na ibe 33-34: 1.e4?? b5 2.G: b5 Nf6 3.G: d7 S: e4 (eserese 4) na White na-efunahụ n'agbanyeghị ejidere:

Ежели 4.G:e8 в 4…H:d2 5.H:d2 (jeżeli 5.G:f7 H:c1 6.H:c1 S:f2 7.K:f2 Wg8 na т.д.) 5…S :d2 6 .K:d2 Wg8 7.G:f7 c5 8.G:g8 g6 9.G:h7 e5 10.G:g6 e4 11.G:e4 Sc6 12.G:c6 Gb7 13.G:b7 Wc8 14.G :c8 a6 15.G:a6 c4 16.G:c4 Ga3 17.S:a3 0-1.

Ọmụmaatụ 4.G:c8 в 4...S:d2 5.G:d2 H:d2 6.H:d2 Sa6 7.G:a6 Wc8 8.G:c8 f5 9.G:f5 Wg8 10.G :h7 c5 ​​11.G:g8 e6 12.G:e6 c4 13.G:c4 a6 14.G:a6 g5 15.H:g5 Kd8 16.H:d8 Ge7 17.H:e7 0-1.

1.d4?? e5 2.d:e5 Hg5 3.H:d7 G:d7 4.G:g5 Krd8 5.G:d8 a6 6.G:c7 Wa7 7.G:b8 b6 8.G:a7 a5 9.G:b6 g6 10.G:a5 Gb4 11.G:b4 Se7 12.G:e7 Wf8 13.G:f8 h6 14.G:h6 g5 15.G:g5 f6 16.G:f6 Gh3 17.S:h3 0- 1.

1.d3?? g5 2.G:g5 Gg7 3.G:e7 G:b2 4.G:d8 G:a1 5.G:c7 Gc3 6.G:b8 W:b8 7.S:c3 d5 8.S:d5 Sf6 9 .S:f6 Wg8 10.S:e8 W:g2 11.G:g2 f6 12.G:b7 W:b7 13.S:f6 Wb8 14.S:h7 Wb1 15.H:b1 Gb7 16.H:b7 a6 17.A:6 0-1.

Ntugharị akwadoro 1.e3

N'aka nke ọzọ, White nwere ezigbo mmeri ohere mgbe 1.e3 !! N'October 2016, ekele maka nyocha kọmputa, a chọpụtara na mgbe ụfọdụ nzaghachi Black, dị ka 1…d5, 1…d6, 1…Sa6 na 1…g6, White meriri n'ihe na-erughị mmegharị 20, mgbe 1…Nf6 gasịrị, 1… h6, 1…E5, 1…f5, 1…h5, 1…a6, 1…f6, 1…a5 White na-enweta ihe na-erughị mmegharị 30, mgbe 1… 6 iji merie mmegharị kacha sie ike iji merie bụ (na-esiwanye ike) 1…e6, 1…g6, 100…b1, 6…c1 na 5…b1.

N'adịghị ka nkwenye ndị mmadụ, atụmatụ egwuregwu megide chess ọ bụghị maka dochie akụkụ gị na iberibe ngwa ngwa o kwere mee. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na nleba anya mbụ ọ nwere ike iyi ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya, inweta uru ihe onwunwe dị mkpa bụ otu n'ime usoro atụmatụ dị mkpa. Site n'iji ihe onwunwe mee ihe, ị nwere ike "gbachie" onye iro gị na ibe gị, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amachi ya ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ịgagharị (zugzwang), wee merie otu ibe. Nke a na-achọkarị uru ihe onwunwe, yana uru na njem na ohere. Onye ọsụ ụzọ nke ndị na-ahụ maka mgbochi na onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi ha bụ Stanislav Goldovsky (1975-1999) dere banyere nke a na webụsaịtị chess ya, nke enwere ike ịhụ ugbu a na:

David Pritchard dere na "mgbagwoju anya na ịma mma" nke antidraught dị na njedebe egwuregwu. "". Mgbe ụfọdụ mmeri enweghị ike iru n'ihi iwu iri ise.

N'afọ 2001, a na-egwu asọmpi mbụ nke ụwa na-emegide aghụghọ na Utrecht. Ọ bụ Pole Andrzej Nagurko, onye na-eso Prọfesọ ugbu a na ngalaba mgbakọ na mwepụ, Informatics na Mechanics na Mahadum Warsaw meriri ihe nrite ọla ahụ.

5. Tim Remmel - Fabrice Liarde, Ọnọdụ 8… Ya na: b4

A na-egwu egwuregwu n'otu ọsọ nke awa 2 maka onye ọkpụkpọ ọ bụla. Na asọmpi ahụ, Tim Remmel na Fabrice Liarde nwetara akara isii ọ bụla. Iwu ahụ kwuru na ọ bụrụ na eserese eserese, a ga-eji oge nkeji iri na ise gwuo oge abụọ ọzọ maka onye ọkpụkpọ ọ bụla, na nsonaazụ 6: 15, nsonaazụ egwuregwu ozugbo na mmemme bụ isi ga-abụ. kpebisiri ike. Tim Remmel meriri egwuregwu mbụ nke overtime, na n'ihi na o meriri egwuregwu ha gara aga na isi ihe omume, egwuregwu nke abụọ nke overtime emeghị.

6. N'ihu n'aka ekpe Andrzej Nagurko-Tim Remmel, gburugburu 5, isi iyi:

https://bit.ly/334SKcG

Ma nke a bụ oge ngafe nke mere Tim Remmel onye mmeri mbụ na-akwadoghị aghụghọ n'ụwa:

Tim Remmel - Fabrice Liarde, Utrecht, Netherlands 29.07.2001

1.e3 b6 2.b3 e6 3.Ga6 S:a6 4.Sh3 Ga3 5.G:a3c6 6.Gc5 b:c5 7.c4 Wb8 8.b4 S:b4 (диаграмма 6) 9.Hc1 S:a2 10 W:a2 W:b1 11.W:a7 W:c1 12.W:d7 K:d7 13.Sg1 W:e1 14.Se2 W:e2 15.e4 W:f2 16.e5 W:g2 17. h3 na Black gbara arụkwaghịm. 1-0.

Fabrice Liardet (amụrụ 1970) abụghị naanị otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu kacha mma n'ụwa n'egwuregwu chess a, kamakwa o nyere nnukwu aka na mmepe ya. Enwere, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, onye dere saịtị asụsụ French gbasara mgbochi mmiri:

Ugbu a, onye na-edu ndú na egwuregwu chess a bụ Serbian Vladika Andreevich, onye bụkwa onye edemede nke akwụkwọ na-ekpuchi akụkụ dị iche iche nke egwuregwu ahụ, gụnyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke antidraughts, nyocha mmeghe, usoro, na etiti egwuregwu na atụmatụ njedebe. .

7. Vladika Andreevich - Nduzi zuru oke maka Anti-Shahs, Onye na-ebipụta Chess Informant, 2018

Bishọp Andreič (8) na-egwu chess oge gboo (Elo kacha elu 2275), bụ onye ọka ikpe chess na onye nwe webụsaịtị, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye nyocha na ngalaba mgbakọ na mwepụ nke Mahadum Belgrade.

na-eto eto na ewu ewu na ọtụtụ egwuregwu na-akwado na Lichess online chess saịtị. Ọ bụ ọrụ chess kacha nke abụọ na-esote Chess.com. Na weebụsaịtị Lichess, ndị egwuregwu si n'akụkụ ụwa niile na-egwu chess kwa ụbọchị, na-egwu ọtụtụ puku egwuregwu kwa ụbọchị, asọmpi nwere njikwa oge dị iche iche (ọtụtụ asọmpi kwa ụbọchị).

Na June 2020, egwuregwu mgbochi chess 377 ka emere na sava chess Lichess. E hiwere Lichess na 790 site n'aka onye mmemme French Thibault Duplessis ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ngwanrọ efu.

8. Vladika Andreevich bụ onye mmeri ụwa ugbu a na mgbochi-draughts na sava Lichess, isi mmalite: https://bit.ly/3h8f6Pw