British Expeditionary Force na France na 1940.
Mgbochi egbe egbe n'otu n'ime ihe omume British Expeditionary Force tupu mwakpo German na Mee 1940.
Briten na France tụrụ anya ka ọrụ agha n’Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ yie nke e mere na 1914–1918. E buru amụma na n'oge mbụ a ga-enwe agha ikpochapụ trenchi, ma emesịa, ndị Allies ga-enwe ike ịmalite iwe iwe nke ga-agbatị ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa. N'ime otú ahụ, ha aghaghị iche omume imegharị ihe ngwa ngwa ihu. Otu n'ime ndị mbụ metụtara bụ ndị njem njem Britain, "wepụrụ" na kọntinent ka izu atọ nke ọgụ gasịrị.
Ekebere British Expeditionary Force (BEF) na Septemba 1, 1939 mgbe ndị Germany wakporo Poland, mana o sighị na mbụ pụta. Mwakpo Italy wakporo Etiopia, ịrị elu nke Wehrmacht na mweghachi nke Rhineland nke Germany mere ka o doo anya na iwu Versailles abịala na njedebe. Ndị agha German nọ na-atụgharị ngwa ngwa, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti France na Great Britain bụ ihe a na-apụghị izere ezere. N'April 15-16, 1936, ndị nnọchiteanya nke ndị ọrụ izugbe nke ikike abụọ ahụ nwere okwu na London. Ebe a bụ obere digression.
N'oge ahụ, French Major General of the Army na British Imperial General Staff rụrụ ọrụ naanị dị ka High Command of the Land Forces. Ndị agha ụgbọ mmiri ahụ nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ha, État-major de la Marine na France na Admiralty Naval Staff, na mgbakwunye, na UK ha nọ n'okpuru ndị ozi ndị ọzọ, Office War na Admiralty (na France e nwere otu, Ministre de). la Défense Nationale et de la Guerre , ya bụ nchekwa mba na agha). Mba abụọ a nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu kwụụrụ onwe ya, na France État-Major de l'Armée de l'Air, na UK isi ụlọ ọrụ ikuku (n'okpuru Ministry of Air). Ọ dị mma ịmara na ọ nweghị isi ụlọ ọrụ jikọtara ọnụ n'isi ndị agha niile. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ isi ụlọ ọrụ nke ndị agha ala bụ ihe kachasị mkpa na nke a, ya bụ, n'ihe gbasara ọrụ na kọntinent ahụ.
Ndị agha Britain nwere egbe French 1934 mm Hotchkiss mle 25, bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ brigade na-eji ya eme ihe.
Ihe si na nkwekọrịta ndị ahụ pụta bụ nkwekọrịta nke Great Britain, na agha na Germany, ga-ezigara ụgbọ elu ya na ụgbọ elu na-akwado ala ya na France. Ndị agha ala ahụ ga-adị n'okpuru njikwa ọrụ nke iwu French na ala, ebe ọchịagha nke ndị agha Britain na esemokwu, n'okwu ndị dị oke njọ, nwere ikike ịrịọ mkpebi nke ọchịagha France ya na gọọmentị Britain. The ikuku contingent ga-eme ihe na nnọchite nke iwu nke British contingent, na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọchịagha nke ikuku akụrụngwa nwere ikike ịrịọ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ mkpebi nke British ala ọchịagha na France. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụghị n'okpuru nchịkwa nke French Armée de l'Air. Na May 1936, e si n'ụlọ ọrụ Embassy Britain dị na Paris gbanwere akwụkwọ ndị bịanyere aka na ya.
Banyere ọrụ n'ime oke osimiri na oke osimiri, isi ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri abụọ ahụ mechara kweta na a ga-ebufe Oke Osimiri North, Atlantic na Eastern Mediterranean na Royal Navy, na Bay of Biscay na Western Mediterranean na National Marines. Site na mgbe e mechara nkwekọrịta a, ndị agha abụọ ahụ malitere ịgbanwe ụfọdụ ozi nchekwa ahọpụtara na ibe ha. Dị ka ihe atụ, British Defence Attaché, Colonel Frederick G. Beaumont-Nesbitt, bụ onye mba ọzọ mbụ e gosiri na mgbidi dị n'akụkụ Maginot Line. Agbanyeghị, ekpughere nkọwa nke atụmatụ nchekwa. Ọbụna mgbe ahụ, Otú ọ dị, ndị French na-enwekarị ike iji gbochie mwakpo German nwere ike ime, ndị Briten aghaghịkwa ịkwado mgbalị nchebe Belgium na ókèala ya, na-ahapụ ọgụ na France na French naanị. Eziokwu ahụ bụ na Germany ga-ebuso Belgium agha, dị ka ọ dị n'Agha Ụwa Mbụ, bụ nke a na-ejighị kpọrọ ihe.
Na 1937, Minista agha Britain Lesley Hore-Belisha gakwara n'ahịrị Maginot. N'otu afọ ahụ, mgbanwe nke ọgụgụ isi na Germany n'etiti isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha nke France na Great Britain malitere. Mgbe, n'April 1938, odeakwụkwọ Horet-Bélisha gara France nke ugboro abụọ, na nzukọ ya na General Maurice Gamelin, ọ nụrụ na ndị Britain kwesịrị iziga ndị agha mechanized iji nyere Belgium aka, bụ nke na-enweghị ndị agha agha nke ya.
Ewezuga nkwupụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke agha jikọrọ aka na Germany, atụmatụ agha nke ọma amaliteghị ruo 1938 n'ihi Nsogbu Munich. N'oge nsogbu ahụ, General Gamelin bịara London ịkọ na France na-eme atụmatụ iwe iwe megide Germany ma ọ bụrụ na mbuso agha Czechoslovakia, iji wepụ nsogbu na nchekwa Czechoslovak. N'oge oyi, ndị agha ga-ewepụ n'azụ Maginot Line, na n'oge opupu ihe ubi ka ha na-ebuso Ịtali agha, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ pụta n'akụkụ Germany. Gamelin kpọrọ Great Britain ka ọ kwado omume ndị a n'onwe ya. Atụmatụ a tụrụ ndị Britain n'anya, bụ ndị ruo ugbu a kwenyere na ọ bụrụ na ndị Germany na-awakpo, France ga-emechi n'azụ mgbidi ahụ ma ghara ime ihe ọ bụla na-akpasu iwe. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ị maara, agha na-agbachitere Czechoslovakia emeghị na nke a atụmatụ e mejuputa atumatu. Otú ọ dị, ọnọdụ ahụ bịara dị njọ nke na e kpebiri na oge eruola ịmalite atụmatụ na nkwadebe zuru ezu karị.
Na njedebe nke 1938, n'okpuru nduzi nke director nke atụmatụ maka War Office, Major General, mkparita uka malitere na size na mejupụtara nke British agha. Leonard A. Howes. N'ụzọ na-akpali mmasị, echiche nke iziga ndị agha na France nwere ọtụtụ ndị mmegide na Great Britain na ya mere nhọrọ nke nkeji iziga na kọntinent siri ike. Na Jenụwarị 1939, mkparita uka nke ndị ọrụ maliteghachiri, n'oge a, mkparịta ụka nke nkọwa amalitelarị. Na 22 Febrụwarị, gọọmentị Britain kwadoro atụmatụ iziga ngalaba ise oge niile, ngalaba mkpanaka (nkewa ihe agha) na mpaghara mpaghara anọ na France. Mgbe e mesịrị, ebe ọ bụ na Panzer Division adịbeghị njikere maka ime ihe, nke 1th Territorial Division nọchiri ya, na 10st DPAN n'onwe ya malitere ịkwatu na France mgbe mmalite nke ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na May 1940, XNUMX.
Ọ bụ na mmalite 1939 ka ndị France gwara Britain ihe atụmatụ ha kpọmkwem maka ịgbachitere Germany bụ na otú ha si hụ ọrụ ndị Britain na atụmatụ ndị ahụ. Mkparịta ụka na nkwekọrịta ndị ọrụ sochirinụ mere site na Machị 29 ruo Eprel 5, na ntụgharị Eprel na Mee, na n'ikpeazụ, site na Ọgọst 28 ruo Ọgọst 31, 1939. E kwenyeziri ka otu na mpaghara ndị agha njem njem Britain ga-esi bịarute. Great Britain nwere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri si St. Nazaire ruo Le Havre.
Ndị agha Britain nọ n'oge interwar bụ ndị ọkachamara zuru oke, yana ndị nzuzo na-ewepụta onwe ha maka ha. Otú ọ dị, na May 26, 1939, na arịrịọ nke Minister nke War Hore-Belish, British nzuko omeiwu gafere National Training Act, n'okpuru nke ndị ikom nọ n'agbata afọ 20 na 21 nwere ike ịkpọ maka ọnwa 6 nke ọzụzụ agha. Mgbe ahụ, ha kwagara na ebe nchekwa nọ n'ọrụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi atụmatụ ịbawanye ndị agha ala na ngalaba 55, nke ọtụtụ n'ime ha ga-abụ mpaghara mpaghara, ya bụ. ka mejupụtara ndị nchekwa nchekwa na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo oge agha, nke kpụrụ n'ihe gbasara mkpokọta ndị agha. N'ihi nke a, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịmalite ịzụ ndị a zụrụ azụ maka oge agha.
Ndị mbụ gbara akwụkwọ agụchabeghị ọzụzụ ha mgbe, na 3 Septemba 1939, mgbe Britain banyere n'agha ahụ, nzuko omeiwu gafere Iwu Ndị Ọrụ Mba (Armed Forces) 1939, nke mere ka ọrụ agha bụrụ iwu maka ụmụ nwoke niile nọ n'agbata afọ 18 na 41. ndị bi na Great Britain na ndị na-adabere na ya. Ka o sina dị, ndị agha Britain jisiri ike ibuga na kọntinent dị ntakịrị ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị agha France. Ná mmalite, e bufere nkewa anọ na France, e mesịa, e gbakwunyere isii ọzọ ka ọ na-erule Mee 1940. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, e meghewo ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ isii na-emepụta ngwá agha na Britain ka agha ahụ malite.
