Ndị agha agha nke Great Britain 1939-1945. akụkụ nke 2
A15 Crusader bụ isi ụdị ụgbọ ala Britain "ngwa ngwa" n'oge agha na North Africa na 1941-1942.
Ntinye aka nke 1st Armored Division na 1st Army Armored Brigade na mgbasa ozi French nke 1940 kwere ka e nweta nkwubi okwu dị mkpa gbasara nhazi na akụrụngwa nke usoro agha Britain. Ọ bụghị ha niile ka a ga-eme n'otu oge, ọ bụghịkwa ha niile ka a ghọtara nke ọma. Ọ na-ewe ọtụtụ ndị merụrụ ahụ na ọbara ndị agha karịa iji webata mgbanwe ọhụrụ, ndị ka ukwuu.
Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ngwá ọrụ nile nke ndị agha Britain e si na France chụpụrụ furu efu, n'ihi ya, a ghaghị ịhazigharị ha. Dị ka ihe atụ, e si n’ìgwè ndị na-eme nchọpụta nke ngalaba ndị a chụpụrụ achụpụ, bụ́ nke a kpọkọtara ọnụ n’ọgbọ egbe abụọ. E ji ụgbọ ala, egbe igwe, yana arụrụ n'ụlọ na nke a na-ahụkarị
ugbo ala agha.
Usoro nhazi ọhụrụ nke ngalaba ndị agha ka na-enye maka nkewa ya na brigades abụọ na otu nkwado, Otú ọ dị, brigade ọ bụla - na mgbakwunye na ndị agha tank atọ - gụnyekwara battalion égbè moto na ụlọ ọrụ anọ na Universal Carrier armored personel carriers. (atọ platoons kwa ụlọ ọrụ, ngụkọta 44) .na battalion) na ìhè wheeled reconnaissance ugbo ala Humber (ụlọ ọrụ reconnaissance platoon) na iwu platoon, nke dị na ya, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, abụọ 76,2-mm ngwa agha ngalaba. Nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị agha tank ọhụrụ ahụ ga-enwe ụlọ ọrụ atọ, platoons anọ, tankị atọ dị elu nke ọ bụla (16 kwa ụlọ ọrụ - nwere tankị dị elu abụọ na tankị nkwado abụọ, na howitzer kama egbe na ngalaba iwu) , ngụkọta nke tankị 52 nwere tankị ngwa ngwa anọ na ngalaba ọchịagha nke ngalaba. Na mgbakwunye, battalion nke ọ bụla nwere ụgbọ njem nlegharị anya nke nwere ụgbọ njem nlegharị anya nwere igwe kwụ ọtọ iri. The armored brigade, na atọ battalions na 10 ngwa ngwa tankị na ụlọ ọrụ iwu, nwere a n'ọnụ ike tankị 10 (na 166 ìhè wheeled armored ugbo ala, gụnyere 39 na brigade Command), ya mere, e nwere 9 tankị na nkewa abụọ brigades. , gụnyere tankị asatọ n'isi ụlọ ọrụ nkewa.
N'aka nke ọzọ, nnukwu mgbanwe emeela na otu nkwado. Ugbu a, ọ gụnyere otu batalion nwere ụgbọ ala (na-enweghị ndị na-ebu ụwa), otu ndị agha ogbunigwe ubi, squadron mgbochi tankị na ndị agha mgbochi ụgbọ elu (dị ka nkeji dị iche iche kama ịbụ otu jikọtara), na ngalaba injinia abụọ. ụlọ ọrụ na ogige ogige. E mejukwara nkewa ahụ na ndị agha nlegharị anya n'ime ụgbọ ala agha.
na tankị ọkụ.
Ngalaba a na-ebu agha, nke nwere usoro ọrụ ọhụrụ ewepụtara na Ọktoba 1940, nwere ndị agha 13 (gụnyere ndị ọrụ 669), tankị 626, ụgbọ ala 340 agha, ndị na-ebugharị ụgbọ ala 58, ụgbọ ala 145 bara uru, ụgbọ ala ndị njem 109 (karịsịa gwongworo 3002) ọgba tum tum. .
Ebili nke oke oke ọhịa
E kwupụtara nguzobe nke ngalaba mkpanaka ọzọ na Egypt na Machị 1938. Na Septemba 1938, ọchịagha mbụ ya, Major General Percy Hobart, rutere Egypt, otu ọnwa ka e mesịrị, nguzobe nke njikọ aka. Isi ya bụ brigade mgbanaka ọkụ nke nwere Royal Hussars nke asaa, battalion ọkụ ọkụ, 7th Royal Irish Hussars, battalion ọgbara ọhụrụ, na Royal Hussars nke iri na otu (Prince Albert nke onwe), battalion nke Rolls-Royce ụgbọ ala agha. Brigade nke abụọ nke ngalaba ahụ bụ brigade dị arọ nke nwere ndị agha abụọ: 8st RTC Battalion na 11th RTC Battalion, ha abụọ nwere tankị ọkụ Vickers Light Mk VI na Vickers Medium Mk I na tank II tankị. Na mgbakwunye, nkewa ahụ gụnyere otu nkwado nke mejupụtara squadron ubi ogbunigwe nke 1rd Regiment of the Royal Horse Artillery (6 3-mm howitzers), otu battalion nke 24st Battalion nke Royal Rifle Corps, yana injinia abụọ. ụlọ ọrụ.
Ozugbo mmalite nke agha, na September 1939 unit gbanwere aha ya na Tank Division (na-enweghị ọnụ ọgụgụ), na February 16, 1940 - na 7 Panzer Division. Na Disemba 1939, e wepụrụ Major General Percy Hobart n'ọkwa ya n'ihi nghọtahie ya na ndị isi ya; Ọ nọchiri ya site n'aka Major General Michael O'Moore Creagh (1892–1970). N'otu oge ahụ, brigade ọkụ aghọọ 7th tank brigade, na ndị arọ armored brigade ghọrọ 4th armored brigade. Otu nkwado ahụ gbanwekwara aha ya n'ụzọ iwu site na Pivot Group gaa na Group Nkwado (mkpana ahụ bụ ihe ndọba na-abawanye ikike ibuli).
Nkeji nke nta nke nta nwetara ngwá ọrụ ọhụrụ, nke mere ka o kwe omume ịkwado ndị agha tankị nke asaa dum na tankị, na battalion nke atọ nke 7th Tank Brigade n'ụdị nke 4nd Royal Tank Regiment ka agbakwunyere ya naanị na October 2. 1940th. Hussars na ụgbọ ala ndị agha ya - nnyefe nke ngalaba a na ọkwa nkewa dị ka ndị agha nyocha, na n'ọnọdụ ya - battalion tank nke 7th Royal Own Hussars, nke e si na Great Britain bufee.
