Cessna

Ogologo-midsize Citation Longitude bụ bizjet flagship Cessna dị ugbu a. Akwụkwọ mmepụta nke mbụ hapụrụ ụlọ nzukọ ahụ na June 13, 2017. Ụgbọ elu ahụ nwetara asambodo ụdị FAA na Septemba 21, 2019.

Cessna Aircraft Company bụ onye ndu na-enweghị mgbagha na mmepụta nke ụgbọ elu maka ụgbọ elu n'ozuzu - azụmahịa, njem nlegharị anya, ọrụ na ọzụzụ. The ụlọ ọrụ e tọrọ ntọala na 1927, ma ya mmepe accelerated nanị mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 50 na 60, ọ bịara mara nke ọma na ọbụna ndị America na-enweghị mmasị na ụgbọ elu jikọtara aha Cessna na obere ụgbọ elu ndị a gbagoro wee rute n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu mpaghara ha. Kemgbe 2016, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọkọlọtọ Textron Aviation, mana aha Cessna ka na-arụ ọrụ dị ka akara ụgbọ elu.

Onye malitere ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu Cessna bụ Clyde Vernon Cessna - onye ọrụ ugbo, onye na-arụzi ụgbọ ala, onye na-ere ụgbọ ala, onye na-ese ihe na-azụ onwe ya na onye na-anya ụgbọelu. A mụrụ ya na Disemba 5, 1879 na Hawthorne, Iowa. Ná mmalite 1881, ezinụlọ ya kwagara n'ugbo dị nso na Rago, Kansas. N'agbanyeghị enweghị agụmakwụkwọ, Clyde nwere mmasị na nkà na ụzụ site na nwata ma na-enyere ndị ọrụ ugbo nọ n'ógbè ahụ aka ịrụzi ígwè ọrụ ugbo. Ọ lụrụ na 1905 na afọ atọ ka e mesịrị malite ịrụ ọrụ maka Overland Automobiles, onye na-ere ụgbọ ala na Enid, Oklahoma. O nwetara nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ a na aha ya pụtara ọbụna na akara n'elu ọnụ ụzọ.

Ụgbọ elu mbụ nke Clyde Cessna rụrụ ma na-efe na 1911 bụ otu ụgbọ elu Silver Wings. Foto dị n'April 1912 bụ Silver Wing nke arụgharịrị mgbe ihe mberede gasịrị ma gbanwee ntakịrị n'oge ụgbọ elu ngosi.

Ọ na-ejide ahụhụ ụgbọelu ahụ na Oklahoma City Air Show na January 14-18, 1911. Cessna ọ bụghị nanị na-enwe mmasị na ngosi ikuku, ma na-agwakwa ndị na-anya ụgbọelu (gụnyere ọdịnihu French fighter ace Roland Garros) na ndị na-arụ ọrụ, na-ajụ ọtụtụ ajụjụ. na idetu ihe. O kpebiri ịrụ ụgbọ elu nke ya, nke e mere na monoplane Blériot XI. Maka nzube a, na February ọ gara New York, ebe na Queens Airplane Company ọ zụtara fuselage nke otu Blériot XI a na-ewu n'ebe ahụ. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-elebakwu anya na usoro mmepụta ihe ma were ọtụtụ ụgbọ elu dị ka onye njem. Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Enid, ọ malitere ịrụ nku wee tinye onwe ya n'ime ebe a na-adọba ụgbọala mgbazinye. Mgbe ọtụtụ mgbalị ndị na-emeghị nke ọma gasịrị, o mesịrị nweta nkà nke ịkwọ ụgbọ elu na na June 1911, ọ gbapụrụ ụgbọ elu ya, nke ọ kpọrọ Silver Wings.

Ụgbọ elu ngosi ọha mbụ emeghị nke ọma. Iji mee ka ihe ka njọ, na Septemba 13, 1911, Silver Wings dara na Clyde nọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ. Ọ bụ Cessna butere ụgbọ elu ahụ arụgharịrị arụgharịrị ma gbanwee na Disemba 17. Na 1912–1913, Clyde sonyeere n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi ikuku na Oklahoma na Kansas, nke ya na nwanne ya nwoke Roy haziri. Na June 6, 1913, ụgbọ elu ọhụrụ ahụ, nke e wuru site na ọkọ, buru ụzọ fefe na Wichita, Kansas na October 17, 1913. N'ime afọ ndị sochirinụ, Cessna wuru ụgbọ elu ndị ka mma, nke o gosipụtara nke ọma na ụgbọ elu n'oge okpomọkụ. Ihe omume Cessna mere dọtara mmasị nke ọtụtụ ndị ọchụnta ego Wichita, bụ́ ndị tinyere ego n'iguzobe ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na ụlọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala JJ Jones Motor Company na Wichita. Nraranye nke ọrụ mere na Septemba 1, 1916.

Na 1917, Cessna wuru ụgbọ elu ọhụrụ abụọ. Comet nwere oche abụọ nwere ụlọ kpuchiri ekpuchi nke mbụ ka ebufere na June 24. Mgbe izu abụọ gachara, na July 7, Clyde debere ndekọ ọsọ ikuku nke mba na njikwa nke 200 km / h. Mgbe United States banyere n'Agha Ụwa Mbụ n'April 1917, mmanụ ndị nkịtị belatara nke ukwuu. Cessna nyere gọọmentị etiti ụgbọ elu ya, mana ndị agha na-ahọrọ igwe eji eme French emepụtara. N'ihi enweghị iwu na ikike ijide ihe ngosi ikuku na njedebe 1917, Cessna mechiri ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, laghachi n'ugbo ya wee malite ọrụ ugbo.

Ná mmalite 1925, Lloyd C. Stearman na Walter H. Beech gara Cessna, bụ́ ndị tụrụ aro ka Cessna sonyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ iji wuo ụgbọ elu ígwè. Mgbe ọ dọtara onye na-etinye ego Walter J. Innes Jr. Na February 5, 1925, e hiwere ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ụgbọ elu na Wichita. Innes ghọrọ onye isi ala ya, Cessna onye osote onye isi ya, Beech odeakwụkwọ ya, na Stearman bụ onye nrụpụta ya. Na njedebe nke afọ, mgbe Innes hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Cessna weghaara onye isi oche, Beech dịka osote onye isi oche, na Stearman dị ka onye na-echekwa ego. Ụgbọ elu mbụ nke Travel Air bụ biplane Model A. Site na mmalite, Cessna na-ahọrọ ụgbọ elu monoplane, ma ọ naghị eme ka ndị mmekọ ya kwenye. Ya mere, n'oge ezumike ya, ọ rụrụ ụgbọ elu nke itoolu ya n'onwe ya - otu engine, monoplane Type 500 nke nwere ụlọ mkpuchi maka ndị njem ise. Ọ bụ Clyde n’onwe ya buru ya ụzọ na June 14, 1926. Na Jenụwarị 1927, National Air Transport nyere iwu ihe atụ asatọ gbanwere ntakịrị, nke akpọrọ Type 5000.

Ụlọ ọrụ nke ya

N'agbanyeghị ihe ịga nke ọma, echiche Cessna ọzọ - nku na-ese n'efu - enwetaghịkwa nkwado Walter Beech (ka ọ dị ugbu a, Lloyd Stearman hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ). N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1927, Cessna rere ya mbak na Travel Air ka Beech na April 19 kwuputara nguzobe nke ya ụlọ ọrụ, Cessna Aircraft Company. Ya na naanị onye ọrụ ya n'oge ahụ, ọ malitere ịrụ ụgbọ elu abụọ na nhazi monoplane na-enweghị onwe, nke a na-akpọ Nzube All (mgbe e mesịrị Phantom) na Common. Nnwale ike nke nku, dị mkpa maka Ngalaba Azụmahịa iji nye akwụkwọ ikike ụdịrị akwụkwọ ikike (Akwanyere Asambodo Ụdị, ATC), bụ onye prof. Joseph S. Newell nke Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Phantom oche atọ bụ nke mbụ a ga-efe na Ọgọst 13, 1927. Ụgbọ elu ahụ tụgharịrị bụrụ nke ọma ma Cessna kpebiri ịmalite mmepụta ya. Iji nweta ego, o resịrị Victor H. Roos, onye na-ere ọgba tum tum si Omaha, Nebraska akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ya. Na-esote nke a, na Septemba 7, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ debara aha n'akwụkwọ aha n'okpuru aha Cessna-Roos Aircraft Company. Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị n'ụlọ ọhụrụ dị na Wichita. Na Disemba nke otu afọ ahụ, Roos rere Cessna mbak ya na December 22, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gbanwere aha ya na Cessna Aircraft Company.

The Phantom wepụtara ezinụlọ dum nke ụgbọ elu a maara dị ka A Series. E nyere nke mbụ n'ime ha n'aka onye zụrụ ya na February 28, 1928. Ruo 1930, e mepụtara ihe karịrị 70 n'ụdị AA, AC, AF, AS na AW, dị iche iche n'ụzọ bụ isi na injin eji eme ihe. The atọ-anọ-oche BW nlereanya bụ nnọọ obere ihe ịga nke ọma - naanị 13 ihe atụ e wuru na-esote CW-6 ụgbọ elu na oche maka isii njem na abụọ oche CPW-6 rally ụgbọ ala wuru na ya ndabere nọgidere naanị otu ihe atụ. N'afọ 1929, ụdị DC-6 na ụdị mmepe ya abụọ DC-6A Chief na DC-6B Scout batara na mmepụta (nkeji 50 ka e wuru ya na ihe atụ).