Kedu ihe bụ injector mmanụ ụgbọala?

Bosch mepụtara injector mmanụ dizel na 1920 na nzaghachi maka mmụba mmanụ na ọnụ ahịa. Ebe ọbịbịa nke ịgbanye mmanụ ụgbọala n'ime ụgbọ ala, ọsọ na ngwa ngwa nke ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala agbanweela. ikwubiga okwu ókè ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ emewo ka engines dịkwuo ọnụ ahịa, rụọ ọrụ nke ọma ma mepụta elu ike inyinya. Nke a na nkà na ụzụ, ọ bụ ezie na emelitere, ee eji taa na ma mmanụ dizel ma mmanụ ụgbọala.

Injector mmanụ ụgbọala bụ ngwaọrụ maka ịgbasa na ịgbanye mmanụ n'ime ụlọ ọkụ dị n'ime. injin. Onye injector na-ewepụ mmanụ ọkụ ma na-agbanye ya ozugbo n'ime ụlọ combustion n'otu oge na okirikiri combustion. Ndị injectors ọhụrụ nwekwara ike tụọ oke mmanụ ọkụ dịka a gwara ya na njikwa ya. kedu ihe kọmputa njikwa unit (ECM). mmanụ ụgbọala fNdị injectors mmanụ ụgbọala na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka ihe ọzọ na carburetor, bụ nke ikuku-mmanụ ọkụ na-amịkọrọ site na agụụ nke piston na-agbada ala strok.

Dị ka a na-achị, a na-etinye injectors mmanụ dizel n'ime isi engine nke nwere ọnụ n'ime ụlọ ọkụ. ụlọ, oghere nha, ọnụ ọgụgụ oghere na akụkụ ịgbasa nwere ike ịdị iche site na injin gaa na injin.

Enwere ike itinye injectors petrol na oriri. otutu (много-ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ogwu ogbugba, trotul ihe, ma ọ bụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya banye na ụlọ combustion (GDI).

Kedu ihe kpatara achọrọ injectors mmanụ ụgbọala?

Ndị injectors mmanụ bụ ihe ndị injinia dị mkpa n'ihi na:

Ụkpụrụ nke ịrụ ọrụ nke engines combustion n'ime ime na-ekwu na mma mma nke mmanụ ọkụ-ikuku ngwakọta, mma combustion, nke, ọnọ elu engine arụmọrụ na ala umu anwuru.

· Ngwakọta mmanụ ọkụ na ikuku na-adịghị mma nke ndị carburetors na-enye na-ahapụ ihe dị iche iche na-adịghị ọkụ n'ime ụlọ combustion nke engine combustion n'ime. Nke a na-eduga na-ezighị ezi propagation nke combustion ire ọkụ n'ihi adịghị arụ ọrụ mara dị ka "detonation", nakwa dị ka elu umu anwuru.

Mmanụ a na-ereghị ọkụ n'ụdị carbon ma ọ bụ gas a na-ereghị ọkụ na ihe dị n'ime ụlọ combustion na-emetụta arụmọrụ na-adịghị mma (mileage).), na ikuku ikuku. Iji zere nke a, nkà na ụzụ ịgbanye mmanụ ụgbọala kwalitere dị mkpa.

Ụdị injector mmanụ ụgbọala

Mmepe nke teknụzụ ịgba mmanụ emewo ka mpụta nke usoro ịgbanye mmanụ dị iche iche, dị ka ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ, mmanụ ọkụ multiport, ntinye mmanụ ọkụ na ntụ ntụ ozugbo, nke dịgasị iche dabere na ngwa ahụ.

Enwere ụdị injectors mmanụ 2:

Oge a dieA na-eji injectors mmanụ ụgbọala na-eme onwe ya maka atomization na injection ma ọ bụ atomization dizel (mmanụ dị arọ karịa mmanụ ụgbọala) ozugbo banye n'ime ụlọ ọkụ diesel moto maka mgbanye mkpakọ (Ọ bụghị Plọg ọkụ).

Ndị injectors mmanụ dizel chọrọ nrụgide injection dị elu karịa. (elu ruo 30,000 psi) karịa mmanụ injectors dị ka diesel dị arọ karịa mmanụ ụgbọala na a chọrọ nrụgide dị elu iji mebie mmanụ ahụ.

2. mmanụ ụgbọala injectors

A na-eji injectors mmanụ ụgbọala na-agbanye ma ọ bụ fesa mmanụ ụgbọala ozugbo. (GDI) ma ọ bụ site na ọtụtụ ihe oriri (ọtụtụ-ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri) ma ọ bụ trottle ahụ n'ime ụlọ ọkụ maka mgbanye ọkụ.

Nhazi nke injectors petrol na -agbanwe site n'ụdị ... nozzles GDI ọhụrụ na-eji oghere ọtụtụ oghere, multiport na throttle ahu eji mgbakwunye enweghị nzube.Nrụgide injection mmanụ ala dị ala karịa Mmekọrịtanhọrọ… 3000 psi maka GDI na 35 psi maka Pinter ịke

Isi ihe na-enye mmanụ ụgbọala - Injectors

Enwere ụdị 2 nke usoro onyunyo mmanụ (njikwa ogologo oge injection). otutu,nrụgide, na oge nnyefe mmanụ) mmanụ ọkụ injectors. Igwe ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere ihe ruru 5 injections n'ime okirikiri ọkụ ọ bụla ... iji rite uru na arụmọrụ na mbelata ikuku.

1. Mmanụ ụgbọala injectors na n'ibu akara

Mechanical mmanụ ụgbọala injectors nke mmanụ ụgbọala akara ọsọ, otutu, время na nrụgide na-arụ ọrụ na-eji isi iyi na plungers. Akụkụ ndị a na-enweta mgbaàmà sitere na cam ma ọ bụ mgbapụta mmanụ ọkụ dị elu.

2. Eletrọnịkị mmanụ ọkụ injectors

A na-ejikwa ọkụ eletrik na-achịkwa injectors mmanụ ndị a mgbe ọ na-abịakwute ọnụ ọgụgụ mmanụ. nrụgide, na imecha. The eletrọnịkị solenoid na-enweta data site na eletrọnịkị akara modul. (ECU) ugbo ala.

imewe injector mmanụ ụgbọala

Nhazi dị mfe nke nozzle mmanụ ụgbọala yiri oghere nke eriri ubi nke a na-eji fesa mmiri n'elu ahịhịa.A na-arụ otu ọrụ ahụ site na injector mmanụ, ma ihe dị iche bụ na kama mmiri, mmanụ ahụ na-atomized na "ịgbasa" n'ime engine, na-abanye n'ime ụlọ ọkụ.

Ka anyị Ghọta nhazi na ịrụ ọrụ nke injector mmanụ site n'ịtụle ma igwe igwe na igwe eletrik na-achịkwa injectors mmanụ ụgbọala.

Injector mmanụ ụgbọala nwere njikwa igwe

Injectors mmanụ ụgbọala nwere njikwa igwe mejupụtara site na akụkụ ndị a:

Ụlọ injector - ụlọ dị n'èzí ma ọ bụ "shell" n'ime akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke injector dị. an injector wuru na. N'ime ahụ injector ga-enwerịrị capillary a haziri ahazi nke ọma ma ọ bụ ụzọ nke mmanụ mgbali elu sitere na mgbapụta mmanụ nwere ike isi na ya na-asọpụta maka atomization na injection.

· Plunger - Onye injector mmanụ nwere ike iji piston a na-eji mepee ma ọ bụ mechie injector site na nrụgide mmanụ ụgbọala. A na-achịkwa ya site na ngwakọta nke isi iyi na oghere.

· Isi iyi - A na-eji otu isi mmiri ma ọ bụ abụọ n'ime injectors mmanụ ụgbọala na-achịkwa. Ndị a gụnyere:

1. Plunger mmiri. A na-achịkwa mmegharị ahụ na-aga n'ihu na azụ nke plunger site na mmiri plunger, nke a na-agbanye n'ihi ụba mmanụ ọkụ. Mgbe nrụgide mmanụ ụgbọala dị n'ime onye na-emepụta mmanụ ọkụ na-abawanye uru karịa ntọala mmiri / shim ngwakọta, agịga na nozzle na-ebili, mmanụ ọkụ atomized na ịgbanye ya, dị ka nrụgide na-ebelata nozulu na-emechi.

2. Isi mmiri. A na-eji isi mmiri eme ihe iji chịkwaa ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. nsogbu.Isi mmiri ọrụ site na omume nke nrụgide mmanụ ụgbọala na-emepụta site na mgbapụta mmanụ ọkụ.

Injek mmanụ nwere njikwa eletrọnịkị

Nke a bụ ụdị injector mmanụ “smart” nke injin elektrọnik njikwa modul (ECM) na-achịkwa, nke a makwaara dị ka ụbụrụ nke injin ọgbara ọhụrụ.

Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-achịkwa injectors mejupụtara ihe ndị a akụkụ:

· Nozzle ahu. Dị nnọọ ka onye injector mmanụ ụgbọala na-achịkwa nke ọma, ụdị ahụ injector a bụ shei oghere emebere nke ọma nke dị n'ime ihe ndị ọzọ niile.

· Plunger. Dị ka ọ dị n'ụdị injectors mmanụ ụgbọala na-achịkwa, enwere ike iji plunger mepee ma mechie oghere ahụ, mana n'ime igwe ọkụ eletrik na-achịkwa, a na-eji elektrọnịkị ma ọ bụ solenoids na-achịkwa oghere nozulu.

Mmiri - Dị ka onye na-eji mmanụ ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, a na-eji mmiri plunger na-ejide plunger n'ọnọdụ ya ruo mgbe nrụgide injection ruru, wee mechie oghere injector mmanụ ọkụ mgbe ahụ. chọrọ.

· Electromagnets. N'adịghị ka ndị injectors a na-achịkwa nke ọma, ụdị injector a nwere electromagnets ma ọ bụ solenoids gburugburu plunger nke na-achịkwa oghere nke injector. A na-eme nke a site na ịnweta mgbama eletrọnịkị site na ECM site na njikọ eletrọnịkị jikọtara injector mmanụ na ECM.

Plọg/njikọ eletrọnịkị. Injector mmanụ ọkụ na-achịkwa nke eletrọnịkị nwere njikọ nke a na-ebufe akara eletrọnịkị sitere na injin ECM na injectors. Nke a na-emepe oghere в fesa mmanụ ụgbọala.