Toyota Ractis engines
Ihe
N'ahịa ụgbọ ala zuru ụwa ọnụ, ụgbọ ala gbakọtara na osisi nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala Japan Toyota Motor Corporation na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu, nke na-enye ndị na-azụ ahịa ugbu a karịa ụdị 70 nke ụdị ụgbọ ala dị iche iche nke ndị njem nwere injin nke ya. N'ime ụdị dị iche iche a, a na-eji ụgbọ ala kọmpat nke klas "Small MPV" (subcompact van), mmepụta nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitere mgbe o gosipụtara ụgbọ ala mbụ dị otú ahụ na ihe ngosi moto na Tokyo na Frankfurt am Main na 1997.
Ọ bụ ihe nlereanya a, nke e wuru n'elu ikpo okwu Yaris, bụ akara mmalite nke usoro dum nke ụdị yiri ya, nke gụnyere:
- Toyota Fun Sargo (1997, 1990);
- Toyota Yaris Verso (2000);
- Toyona Yaris T Sport (2000);
- Toyota Yaris D-4D (2002);
- Toyota Corolla (2005, 2010);
- Toyota Yaris Verso-S (2011).
Toyota Ractis. Njegharị n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ihe okike nke Toyota Ractis subcompact van kpatara mkpa ọ dị iji dochie Toyota Yaris Verso, nke na-adịghị ewu ewu na Europe. Ewubere ihe nlereanya a n'elu ikpo okwu NCP60 dị elu ma nwee igwe 2SZ-FE (1300 cc, 87 hp) na 1NZ-FE (1500 cc, 105 ma ọ bụ 110 hp).
N'otu oge ahụ, a chịkọtara ụgbọ ala ndị dị n'ihu na Super CVT-i CVTs, na ụgbọ ala ndị na-anyagharị ụkwụ na-agbakọta na nnyefe Super ECT nwere ọsọ anọ.
Ọgbọ mbụ nke Toyota Ractis bụ ụgbọala aka nri ma wetara ya naanị n'ahịa ụlọ nke Japan, yana Hong Kong, Singapore na Macau. N'ịbụ ndị kwenyesiri ike na asọmpi nke ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ ahụ, ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kpebiri ibu ụzọ mee restyling (2007), na ịzụlite ọgbọ nke abụọ (2010).
Ọgbọ nke abụọ nke Toyota Ractis subcompact van e nyere ọ bụghị naanị n'ahịa Far East, kamakwa mba Europe na America.
The isi version nke ụgbọ ala ugbu a na-onwem na mmanụ ụgbọala engines nwere ike nke banyere 99 hp. (1300 cc) ma ọ bụ 105 ... 110 hp (1500 cc), na ọbụghị naanị ụdị ịnya ụgbọ ala nwere ike ịchịkọta ikpeazụ.
Toyota Ractis engines
Subcompact van Toyota Ractis na mgbanwe dị iche iche ka emepụtara ihe karịrị afọ 10. N'ime oge a, ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere ma mmanụ ụgbọala na mmanụ dizel nwere ikike cylinder nke:
- 1,3 l - mmanụ ụgbọala: 2SZ-FE (2005 ... 2010), 1NR-FE (2010 ... 2014), 1NR-FKE (2014 ...);
- 1,4 l - dizel 1ND-TV (2010 ...);
- 1,5 l - mmanụ ụgbọala 1NZ-FE (2005 ...).
A na-eji injin ụgbọ ala gbakọtara n'ụlọ ọrụ Toyota Motor Corporation site na ịrụ ọrụ dị elu yana ntụkwasị obi arụ ọrụ. Ọ dị mma ikwu na, dị ka ndị ọkachamara Russia si kwuo, ọbụna engine Toyota nke na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma bụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya karịa ọtụtụ engines ụlọ. Nke a na-emetụta n'ụzọ zuru ezu na nkeji ike, nke a na-eji oge dị iche iche chịkọta ụgbọ ala Toyota Ractis.
Igwe mmanụ ụgbọala
All engines mmanụ ụgbọala arụnyere na ụgbọ ala nke Toyota Ractis lineup, ma e wezụga nke 2SZ-FE ike unit, bụ nke atọ ọgbọ nke Japanese engines, dị iche iche na ojiji nke:
- mkpofu (na-abụghị nke mmezi) ìhè-alloy lined cylinder blocks;
- "Smart" valvụ usoro njikwa oge njikwa ụdị VVT-i;
- usoro nkesa gas (oge) na a yinye mbanye;
- Sistemụ njikwa trotul eletrọnịkị ETCS.
Na mgbakwunye, engines mmanụ ụgbọala niile nwere ụgbọ ala Toyota Raktis na-ejikwa arụmọrụ dị elu. A na-ahụta oriri mmanụ dị ala n'ụdị injin niile na-arụ ọrụ site na:
- iji usoro ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ eletrik (akwụkwọ ozi E na aha engine);
- oge kacha mma nke imeghe ihe oriri na iyuzucha valves nke oge (akwụkwọ ozi F na aha engine).
moto 2SZ-FE
Injin 2SZ-FE bụ ụdị ngwakọ nke ebili mmiri nke abụọ na nke atọ nke ndị nrụpụta Toyota Motor Corporation mepụtara n'oge ahụ. N'ime moto a, ha jisiri ike na-ejigide njirimara nke atụmatụ ndị mbụ, njirimara njirimara nke bụ ihe nkedo cylinder blocks. Ihe mgbochi cylinder dị otú ahụ nwere oke ike na ihe zuru oke iji hụ na, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, megharịa ngalaba ike zuru oke.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, oke okpomọkụ nke sitere na ogologo strok nke pistons na-etinye uche nke ọma site na nnukwu ụlọ mgbochi cylinder, bụ nke nyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe usoro okpomọkụ kachasị mma nke engine n'ozuzu ya.
N'ime adịghị ike nke moto 2SZ-FE, ndị ọkachamara na-achọpụta usoro nhazi oge na-emeghị nke ọma, nke jikọtara ya na:
- ọnụnọ nke abụọ yinye dampers;
- enwekwu mmetụta nke chain tensioner na mma mmanụ;
- ịwụ elu nke Morse lamellar yinye tinyere pulleys na ntakịrị ike ọgwụgwụ ya, nke na-eduga na kọntaktị (mmetụta) nke pistons na valves n'oge ọrụ na ọdịda nke ikpeazụ.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-eji ụda pụrụ iche na ụlọ mgbochi cylinder na-ejikọta ihe mgbakwunye, nke na-eme ka ọ dị ntakịrị mgbagwoju anya iji ngwá ọrụ dị n'otu.
NR na NZ usoro moto
N'ime afọ dị iche iche, 1NR-FE ma ọ bụ 1NR-FKE engines nwere ikike cylinder nke 1,3 lita na ụgbọ ala nke Toyota Ractis ụdị dị iche iche na afọ dị iche iche. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere eriri oge DOHC (2 camshafts na 4 valves kwa cylinder) yana sistemụ ụgbọ ala mbụ:
- Kwụsị & Malite, nke na-enye gị ohere ịkwụsị engine ozugbo, mgbe ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, malite ya ọzọ. Usoro dị otú ahụ na-enye gị ohere ịchekwa site na 5 ruo 10% nke mmanụ ụgbọala mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ ala na obodo ukwu;
- ụdị Dual VVT-i (1NR-FE) ma ọ bụ VVT-iE (1NR-FKE), nke na-enye gị ohere ịgbanwe oge valvụ na-akpaghị aka.
Igwe ike 1NR-FE bụ igwe usoro NR kachasị. Ejiri teknụzụ injinia Toyota kachasị elu n'oge ahụ mee ya. Isi ihe dị mkpa nke injin a bụ imepụta pistons ya, ebe a na-ehichapụ ya bụ carbon ceramides.
Ojiji ha nyere ohere ibelata akụkụ geometric na ịdị arọ nke piston ọ bụla.
Igwe 1NR-FKE dị ike karị, nke mepụtara na 2014, dị iche na onye bu ya ụzọ na ọ na-eji usoro akụ na ụba Atkinson (ọrịa strok mbụ 2 dị mkpụmkpụ karịa 2 ndị ọzọ) ma nwee oke mkpakọ dị elu.
Nka na ụzụ nke Toyota Ractis engines nwere ikike cylinder nke 1,3 lita.
Injin 1NZ-FE bụ ihe eji mara mma nke otu ike nwere ikike cylinder nke lita 1,5. Ihe mgbochi cylinder ya bụ nke aluminom ma nwee:
- Ụdị oge ejima-ogwe oge DOHC (valvụ 4 kwa cylinder);
- emelitere (ọgbọ nke abụọ) usoro oge valvụ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
Ihe a niile na-enye ohere ka moto ahụ nwee ike iru 110 hp.
Usoro nka nke moto 1NZ-FE 1,5 lita.
Igwe dizel 1ND-TV
A na-ahụta injin 1ND-TV dị ka otu n'ime igwe mmanụ dizel kacha mma n'ụwa. Ọ bụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ enweghị ntụpọ imewe ma n'otu oge ahụ ọ dị mfe ịrụzi. Ọ bụ nke atọ nke ikike nkeji nke ndị injinia Toyota Motor Corporation mepụtara na ọkara nke abụọ nke 90s nke narị afọ gara aga.
Igwe igwe 1ND-TV gbadoro ụkwụ na ngọngọ cylinder aka aka nke nwere jaket jụrụ oyi, nke ejiri ihe alloy dị ọkụ mee. Ejiri injin a nwere turbine VGT na usoro nkesa gas nke ụdị SOHC nwere valvụ abụọ n'otu cylinder.
Na mbụ, a kwadebere injin ahụ nwere sistemu ịgbanye mmanụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè nkịtị nke nwere injectors Bosch dị mfe ma nwee ntụkwasị obi.
Ihe ngwọta a mere ka o kwe omume ịzọpụta engine ahụ site na ọtụtụ nsogbu nke njirimara nke ike diesel. Otú ọ dị, mgbe e mesịrị (2005) Bosch injectors na-eji Denso ọgbara ọhụrụ dochie anya, na ọbụna mgbe e mesịrị - na piezoelectric ụdị injectors. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, na 2008, a na-etinye mmanụ dizel na engine. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ihe ọhụrụ ndị a nile enwewo mmetụta na-adịghị mma na ntụkwasị obi na ịdịte aka nke ngalaba ike a.
Usoro nka nke moto 1ND-TV 1,4 l.
