Mbanye ngwakọ

N'agbanyeghị nnukwu mgbasa ozi ngwakọ, ọkachasị n'oge na-adịbeghị anya sitere na Toyota, ọ nweghị ihe ọhụrụ gbasara sistemụ ịnya ụgbọ ala abụọ. Usoro ngwakọ ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ mara kemgbe mmalite nke ụgbọ ala n'onwe ya.

Ụgbọ ala ngwakọ mbụ bụ onye mepụtara ụgbọ ala nke mbụ nwere injin mgba ọkụ dị n'ime. N'oge na-adịghị anya ụgbọ ala mmepụta sochiri ya, karịsịa, na 1910, Ferdinand Porsche mere ụgbọ ala nke nwere engine combustion n'ime na igwe eletriki n'ihu wheel hub. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ Austria Lohner mere ma rụpụta ya. N'ihi enweghị ike zuru oke nke batrị mgbe ahụ, a naghị eji igwe ahụ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe. Na 1969, Daimler Group webatara ụgbọ ala ngwakọ mbụ n'ụwa. Otú ọ dị, n'okpuru nkebi ahịrịokwu "ngwakọ mbanye" ọ bụchaghị ga-abụ nanị a Nchikota nke esịtidem combustion engine na electric moto, ma ọ pụrụ ịbụ a mbanye na-eji Nchikota nke ọtụtụ ike isi mmalite na-akpali dị otú ahụ a ụgbọala. Ndị a nwere ike ịbụ ngwakọta dị iche iche, dịka ọmụmaatụ, engine combustion n'ime - moto eletriki - batrị, mmanụ ọkụ - moto eletriki - batrị, engine combustion - flywheel, wdg. Echiche a na-ahụkarị bụ ngwakọta nke engine combustion n'ime - moto eletriki - batrị. .

Isi ihe kpatara iwebata ngwakọ ngwakọ n'ime ụgbọ ala bụ obere arụmọrụ nke injin combustion n'ime ihe dị ka 30 ruo 40%. Site na ngwakọ draịva, anyị nwere ike melite nguzozi ike nke ụgbọ ala site na pasent ole na ole. Omuma na ọtụtụ-eji yiri ngwakọ usoro taa dịtụ mfe na ya n'ibu ọdịdị. Igwe ọkụ dị n'ime na-enye ike ụgbọ ala n'oge ịnya ụgbọ ala nkịtị, moto traction na-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka generator n'oge breeki. N'ọnọdụ nke ịmalite ma ọ bụ na-agba ọsọ, ọ na-enyefe ike ya na mmegharị nke ụgbọ ala ahụ. A na-echekwa voltaji eletrik nke a na-emepụta n'oge breeki ma ọ bụ mmegharị inertial na batrị. Dị ka ị maara, engines combustion n'ime nwere mmanụ ọkụ kachasị elu na mmalite. Ọ bụrụ na moto traction na-ebugharị batrị na-enye aka na ike ya n'ọnọdụ dị otú a, a na-ebelata oriri mmanụ ọkụ nke engine combustion nke dị n'ime ya na obere ikuku ọkụ na-emerụ ahụ na-esi na ikuku na-ekpochapụ. N'ezie, ngwá electronic na-ahụ maka ebe niile na-enyocha ọrụ nke usoro ahụ.

Echiche ngwakọ draịva nke taa na-aga n'ihu na-akwado nchikota kpochapụwo nke injin combustion na wiil. Kama, ọrụ nke moto eletrik bụ naanị inye aka n'ọnọdụ ndị na-adịghị adịte aka mgbe ọ dị mkpa iji gbanyụọ engine combustion n'ime ma ọ bụ kpachie ike ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime mkpọmkpọ ebe okporo ụzọ, mgbe ị na-amalite, breeki. Nzọụkwụ ọzọ bụ ịwụnye moto eletrik ozugbo na wiil. Mgbe ahụ, n'otu aka ahụ, anyị na-ekpochapụ gearboxes na nnyefe, na-enwetakwa ohere maka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na akpa, belata n'ibu ọnwụ, wdg N'aka nke ọzọ, ihe atụ, anyị ga-budata dịkwuo arọ nke unsprung akụkụ. nke ụgbọ ala, nke ga-emetụta ọrụ oge nke chassis components na ịkwọ ụgbọala arụmọrụ. Kedu ụzọ ọ bụla, ngwakọ powertrain nwere ọdịnihu.