Mgbe emechara ọtụtụ atụmatụ na-adịghị mma na nke na-adịghị mma mgbe niile nke ndị na-emebi tankị ọkụ na 1943, ndị na-emepụta German jisiri ike mepụta ngalaba na-ebugharị onwe ya nke jikọtara ịdị arọ dị arọ nke ọma, ngwa agha siri ike na ngwa agha dị irè. Henschel mepụtara onye na-ebibi tankị na-adabere na chassis nke ọma nke Czechoslovak tank tank TNHP, nke nwere aha German Pz.Kpfw.38 (t).
Egbe ji aka ọhụrụ ahụ nwere obere mkpọmkpọ ebe nwere echiche ezi uche dị na ya nke efere mgbochi ihu na akụkụ elu. Nwụnye egbe 75mm nwere ogologo gbọmgbọm nke caliber 48, kpuchie ya na ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi gburugburu. A na-etinye egbe igwe 7,92-mm nke nwere mkpuchi ọta n'elu ụlọ ahụ. A na-eme chassis nke wiil anọ, injin ahụ dị na azụ nke ahụ, nnyefe na wiil ụgbọala dị n'ihu. Ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke onwe ya nwere ụlọ ọrụ redio na intercom tank. A na-emepụta ụfọdụ n'ime nrụnye ndị ahụ na ụdị ọkụ ọkụ na-eme onwe ya, ebe a na-agbanye ọkụ ọkụ kama egbe 75-mm. Mwepụta nke egbe na-eji onwe ya malitere na 1944 wee gaa n'ihu ruo ọgwụgwụ nke agha ahụ. N'ozuzu, e mepụtara ihe dị ka nrụnye 2600, bụ ndị e ji mee ihe na ndị agha mgbochi tankị nke ndị agha na-agba ọsọ na nkewa moto.
Site na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe e kere eke nke tank na-ebibi 38 "Hetzer"
Ọ dịghị ihe ijuanya na okike nke "Jagdpanzer 38". Ndị Allies meriri ụlọ ọrụ Almerkische Kettenfabrik nke ọma na November 1943. N'ihi ya, mmebi nke ngwá ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, bụ nke kasị ukwuu na-emepụta ihe mgbọ ogbunigwe Nazi Germany, nke hiwere ntọala nke nkewa mgbochi tankị na brigades. Atụmatụ iji kwadebe nkeji mgbochi tank nke Wehrmacht na ihe dị mkpa dị n'ihe egwu.
Ụlọ ọrụ Frederick Krupp malitere ịmepụta egbe ọgụ na ụlọ elu conning si StuG 40 na ụgbọ mmiri nke PzKpfw IV tank, ma ha dị oke ọnụ, na tankị T-IV ezughị. Ihe niile gbagwojuru anya na site na mmalite nke 1945, dị ka mgbako, ndị agha chọrọ dịkarịa ala 1100 nkeji kwa ọnwa nke iri asaa na ise-milimita mgbochi mgbochi tank egbe onwe-propelled egbe. Ma n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya, yana n'ihi ihe isi ike na oriri ígwè, ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime igwe ndị a na-emepụta na-emepụta n'ọtụtụ dị otú ahụ. Nnyocha nke ọrụ ndị dị ugbu a akọwawo na chassis na ike unit nke egbe ndị na-ebu onwe ha "Marder III" bụ ndị maara nke ọma na nke dị ọnụ ala, mana ndoputa ya ezughị oke. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụgbọ agha ahụ na-enweghị mgbagwoju anya dị ịrịba ama nke nkwusioru ahụ mere ka o kwe omume ịbawanye chassis.
N'August-Septemba 1943, ndị injinia VMM mepụtara ihe osise nke ụdị ọkụ ọhụrụ dị ọnụ ala armored mgbochi tankị onwe-propelled egbe, nke a na-eji ngwa agha na-enweghị isi, ma, n'agbanyeghị ohere nke mmepụta nke ụgbọ ala ndị dị otú ahụ ọbụna tupu bọmbụ ahụ. na Nọvemba 1943, ọrụ a akpaliteghị mmasị. N'afọ 1944, ndị Allies fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ibuso ókèala Czechoslovakia, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ atabeghị ahụhụ, na mmepụta nke egbe egbe na mpaghara ya aghọwo ihe mara mma.
Na njedebe nke Nọvemba, ụlọ ọrụ VMM natara iwu gọọmentị na ebumnuche nke imepụta ihe nlele egbu oge nke "egbe mwakpo ụdị ọhụrụ" n'ime otu ọnwa. Na Disemba 17, a rụchara ọrụ imewe wee gosipụta ụdị osisi nke ụdị ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ nke "Heereswaffenamt" (Directorate of Armaments of the Ground Forces). Ihe dị iche n'etiti nhọrọ ndị a dị na chassis na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ. Nke mbụ dabere na tank nke PzKpfw 38 (t), n'ime ụlọ elu conning pere mpe nke, nke nwere usoro ihe mgbochi nke efere, etinyere egbe 105-mm na-enweghị mgbagha, nke nwere ike ịkụ ihe agha nke tankị ndị iro ọ bụla. anya ruru 3500 m. Nke abụọ dị na chassis nke tankị nyocha ọhụrụ TNH nA, nke nwere tube 105-mm - ihe na-ebupụta ngwa ọgụ tankị, nke nwere ọsọ ruru 900 m / s yana egbe akpaka 30-mm. Nhọrọ, nke, dị ka ndị ọkachamara si kwuo, jikọtara ọnụ ụzọ na-aga nke ọma nke otu na nke ọzọ, bụ, dị ka a pụrụ isi kwuo ya, n'etiti n'etiti nsụgharị ndị a tụrụ aro ma kwadoro maka iwu. A kwadoro egbe egbe 75-mm PaK39 L / 48 dị ka ngwa agha nke onye na-ebibi tank ọhụrụ, nke etinyere na mmepụta usoro maka onye na-ebibi tankị "Jagdpanzer IV", ma a naghị arụ ọrụ égbè na-enweghị mgbagha na egbe rocket.
Prototype SAU "Sturmgeschutz nA", kwadoro maka owuwu
Na Jenụwarị 27, 1944, a kwadoro ụdị egbe ikpeazụ nke onwe ya. Ejiri ụgbọ ala ahụ rụọ ọrụ dịka "ụdị ọhụrụ 75 mm egbe mwakpo na PzKpfw 38 (t) chassis" (Sturmgeschutz nA mit 7,5 cm Cancer 39 L/48 Auf Fahzgestell PzKpfw 38 (t)). Eprel 1, 1944. oke mmepụta malitere. N’oge na-adịghị anya, e degharịrị egbe ndị ahụ na-eji onwe ha dị ka ndị na-ebibi tankị ọkụ ma kenye ha ndepụta ntụaka ọhụrụ “Jagdpanzer 38 (SdKfz 138/2)". Na Disemba 4, 1944, e kenyekwara ha aha nke ha "Hetzer" (Hetzer bụ onye na-achụ nta na-azụ anụ ọhịa ahụ).
Ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere ọtụtụ nhazi ọhụrụ na ngwọta teknụzụ, ọ bụ ezie na ndị na-emepụta gbalịrị ijikọta ya dị ka o kwere mee na tank PzKpfw 38 (t) nke ọma na onye na-ebibi ọkụ Marder III. Ejiri efere ihe agha nke buru ibu buru ibu mee ihe site na ịgbado ọkụ, ọ bụghịkwa bolts - nke mbụ maka Czechoslovakia. Akpụkpọ anụ ahụ welded, ma e wezụga n'elu ụlọ nke ọgụ na akụkụ engine, bụ monolithic na airtight, na mgbe mmepe nke ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ, ọrụ ike nke mmepụta ya ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọkpụkpụ riveted na-ebelata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ugboro abụọ. Ụta nke akpa ahụ nwere 2 efere agha na ọkpụrụkpụ nke 60 mm (dị ka data ụlọ - 64 mm), arụnyere na nnukwu akụkụ nke ọchịchọ (60 Celsius - elu na 40 Celsius - ala). N'akụkụ nke "Hetzer" - 20 mm - nwekwara nnukwu akụkụ nke ọchịchọ na ya mere nke ọma na-echebe ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri site na egbe egbe mgbochi na shells nke obere caliber (ruo 45 mm) egbe, yana site na nnukwu shei. na iberibe bọmbụ.
Nhazi nke onye na-emebi tankị "Jagdpanzer 38 Hetzer"
Pịa na eserese ahụ iji gbasaa (ga-emeghe na windo ọhụrụ)
Nhazi nke Hetzer dịkwa ọhụrụ, ebe ọ bụ na nke mbụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala dị n'aka ekpe nke axis longitudinal (na Czechoslovakia, tupu agha ahụ, a nabatara aka nri nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala). A na-edobe onye na-agba egbe na onye na-ebu ya n'azụ isi onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala, n'aka ekpe nke egbe ahụ, ebe onye isi egbe na-agbapụta onwe ya nọ n'azụ onye nche egbe n'akụkụ starboard.
Maka ntinye na ọpụpụ nke ndị ọrụ n'elu ụlọ nke ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere oghere abụọ. Ezubere nke ekpe maka onye na-anya ụgbọ ala, onye na-ebu egbe na onye na-ebu ibu, na nke aka nri maka ọchịagha. Iji wedata ọnụ ahịa egbe ndị na-ebu onwe ha, e jiri obere ngwa nleba anya rụọ ya na mbụ. Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere periscopes abụọ (na-abụkarị naanị otu a na-etinye) maka ịlele okporo ụzọ; onye na-agba egbe nwere ike ịhụ ala ahụ naanị site na anya periscope “Sfl. Zfla”, nke nwere obere oghere nlele. Onye na-ebu ibu nwere ihe nleba anya periscope igwe egbe nke enwere ike ịtụgharị gburugburu axis kwụ ọtọ.
Onye na-emebi tankị
Onye isi ụgbọ ala nwere oghere oghere nwere ike iji stereotube, ma ọ bụ periscope mpụga. Mgbe a na-emechi mkpuchi mkpuchi n'oge ọkụ ndị iro, a napụrụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ohere iji nyochaa gburugburu ebe dị n'akụkụ starboard na azụ nke tank (ma e wezụga maka periscope igwe-egbe).
Awụnyere egbe PaK75/39 nke nwere ogologo mgbọmgbọm 2mm nke nwere ogologo gbọmgbọm 48 n'ime oghere dị warara nke dị n'ihu dị ntakịrị n'aka nri nke axis ogologo ụgbọ ahụ. Akụkụ ndị na-atụ aka nke egbe n'aka nri na aka ekpe adabaghị (5 Celsius - n'aka ekpe na ruo 10 Celsius - n'aka nri) n'ihi obere akụkụ nke ọgụ na nnukwu breech nke egbe, yana dị ka nrụnye asymmetrical ya. Ọ bụ nke mbụ n'ime ụlọ tankị German na Czechoslovak ka enwere ike itinye egbe buru ibu n'ime obere ogige ọgụ. Emere ka nke a kwe omume n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi iji freemu gimbal pụrụ iche kama ịbụ igwe egbe ọdịnala.
N'afọ 1942-1943. injinia K. Shtolberg haziri etiti a maka egbe RaK39 / RaK40, mana ruo oge ụfọdụ ọ kpaliteghị ntụkwasị obi na ndị agha. Ma mgbe na-amụ Soviet onwe-propelled egbe S-1 (SU-76I), SU-85 na SU-152 n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1943, nke nwere yiri etiti nrụnye, German ndú kweere na ya arụmọrụ. Na mbụ, a na-eji etiti ahụ na ndị na-ebibi tankị "Jagdpanzer IV", "Panzer IV / 70", na mgbe e mesịrị na "Jagdpanther" dị arọ.
Ndị na-emepụta ahụ gbalịrị ime ka "Jagdpanzer 38" dịkwuo ọkụ, n'ihi na ụta ya dị oke ibu (mkpụbelata na ụta ahụ, nke mere ka ụta ahụ gbadaa ruo 8 - 10 cm n'akụkụ azụ).
N'elu ụlọ nke Hetzer, n'elu oghere aka ekpe, a na-etinye egbe igwe nchebe (nke nwere akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere ikike nke 50), ma kpuchie ya na shrapnel site na ọta nkuku. Onye na-ebu ihe na-elekọta ọrụ ahụ.
"Praga AE" - mmepe nke Swedish engine "Scania-Vabis 1664", bụ nke a na-emepụta na Czechoslovakia n'okpuru ikike, etinyere na ngalaba ike nke egbe ndị na-emepụta onwe ha. The engine nwere 6 cylinders, bụ unpretentious na nwere ezi arụmọrụ àgwà. Mgbanwe nke "Praga AE" nwere carburetor nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọsọ ọsọ site na 2100 ruo 2500. Ha kwere ka ebuli elu, tinyere ọsọ ọsọ, ike ya site na 130 hp. ruo 160 hp (mgbe e mesịrị - ruo 176 hp) - mmụba mkpakọ nke engine.
N'ala dị mma, "Hetzer" nwere ike ịgba ọsọ ruo 40 km / h. N'okporo ụzọ obodo nke nwere ala siri ike, dị ka egosipụtara ule nke Hetzer weghaara na USSR, Jagdpanzer 38 nwere ike iru ọsọ nke 46,8 km / h. 2 mmanụ ụgbọala tankị nwere ikike nke 220 na 100 lita nyere ụgbọ ala ahụ na-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri nso na okporo ụzọ nke banyere 185-195 kilomita.
Chassis nke prototype ACS nwere ihe nke PzKpfw 38 (t) tank nwere isi iyi siri ike, mana na mmalite nke mmepụta ihe, a na-abawanye dayameta nke wiil okporo ụzọ site na 775 mm ruo 810 mm (ndị na-agbagharị TNH nA tank). e tinyere n'ime mmepụta oke). Iji kwalite mmegharị ahụ, egwu SPG gbasaa site na 2140 mm ruo 2630 mm.
Ahụ niile welded nwere okpokolo agba nke nwere profaịlụ T nwere ụdị na nkuku, nke etinyere efere ihe agha na ya. A na-eji efere ihe agha dị iche iche mee ihe n'ichepụta ihe. Eji levers na pedal na-achịkwa ụgbọ ala ahụ.
Ala nke armored hull nke tank na-ebibi "Hetzer"
A kwadoro Hetzer site na valvụ dị n'elu valvụ dị n'ahịrị mmiri jụrụ oyi nke ụdị Praga EPA AC 2800 nwere olu na-arụ ọrụ nke 7754 cm XNUMX.3 na ike nke 117,7 kW (160 hp) na 2800 rpm. Igwe ọkụ ọkụ nke nwere ihe dị ka lita 50 dị n'azụ ụgbọ ala n'azụ engine. Otu ikuku nke dị na efere engine dugara na radiator. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, Hetzer nwere ihe mkpuchi mmanụ (ebe a na-eme ka engine na mmanụ nnyefe dị mma), yana usoro mmalite oyi nke na-ekwe ka usoro jụrụ oyi jupụta na mmiri ọkụ. Ikike nke tankị mmanụ ọkụ bụ lita 320, a na-agbanye tankị ndị ahụ site n'olu nkịtị. Mmanụ ụgbọala oriri n'okporo ụzọ awara awara bụ 180 lita kwa 100 km, na n'okporo ụzọ 250 lita kwa 100 km. A na-etinye tankị mmanụ abụọ n'akụkụ akụkụ nke ike ọkụ, tank aka ekpe nwere lita 220, na aka nri otu 100 lita. Ka tankị aka ekpe na-awụpụ, a na-esi na tank aka nri na-agbapụta mmanụ ụgbọala gaa n'aka ekpe. The mmanụ ụgbọala mgbapụta "Solex" nwere eletriki ụgbọala, ihe mberede igwe mgbapụta na-onwem na ntuziaka mbanye. Isi esemokwu esemokwu bụ nkụ, multi-disiki. Gearbox "Praga-Wilson" ụdị mbara ala, gia ise na azu. Eji bevel gia bufere torque. Ogwe na-ejikọta engine na gearbox gafere n'etiti etiti agha ahụ. Isi na breeki inyeaka, ụdị igwe (teepu).
Nkọwa nke ime nke tank na-ebibi "Hetzer"
Nduzi "Praga-Wilson" planetary ụdị. draịva ikpeazụ bụ otu ahịrị nwere ezé ime. Ejikọtara wiil mpụta nke mpụta nke ikpeazụ na wiil mbanye ozugbo. Nhazi nke draịva ikpeazụ mere ka o kwe omume iji obere igbe gia na-ebufe ike dị egwu. Na-atụgharị okirikiri 4,54 mita.
N'okpuru ụgbọ ala nke Hetzer ìhè tank mbibi nwere nnukwu wiil okporo ụzọ anọ (825 mm). A na-eji mpempe ígwè machie rollers ma buru ụzọ kụchie ya na bolts iri na isii, wee jiri rivets. E ji isi iyi nke yiri akwụkwọ kpachie wiil nke ọ bụla n'ụzọ abụọ abụọ. Na mbụ, a na-ewebata mmiri ahụ site na efere ígwè na ọkpụrụkpụ nke 16 mm na mgbe ahụ efere nwere ọkpụrụkpụ nke 7 mm.
Mgbe emechara ọtụtụ atụmatụ na-adịghị mma na nke na-adịghị mma mgbe niile nke ndị na-emebi tankị ọkụ na 1943, ndị na-emepụta German jisiri ike mepụta ngalaba na-ebugharị onwe ya nke jikọtara ịdị arọ dị arọ nke ọma, ngwa agha siri ike na ngwa agha dị irè. Henschel mepụtara onye na-ebibi tankị na-adabere na chassis nke ọma nke Czechoslovak tank tank TNHP, nke nwere aha German Pz.Kpfw.38 (t).
"Praga AE" - mmepe nke Swedish engine "Scania-Vabis 1664", bụ nke a na-emepụta na Czechoslovakia n'okpuru ikike, etinyere na ngalaba ike nke egbe ndị na-emepụta onwe ha. The engine nwere 6 cylinders, bụ unpretentious na nwere ezi arụmọrụ àgwà. Mgbanwe nke "Praga AE" nwere carburetor nke abụọ, nke mere ka ọsọ ọsọ site na 2100 ruo 2500. Ha kwere ka ebuli elu, tinyere ọsọ ọsọ, ike ya site na 130 hp. ruo 160 hp (mgbe e mesịrị - ruo 176 hp) - mmụba mkpakọ nke engine.
