Otu esi aghọta mkpakọ na ike usoro na obere engines

Ọ bụ ezie na engines amalitela kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, injin mmanụ ụgbọ ala na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ụkpụrụ ahụ. Ọrịa strok anọ na-eme na injin na-enye ya ohere ịmepụta ike na torque, na ike ahụ bụ ihe na-ebugharị ụgbọ ala gị.

Ịghọta ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi nke ka engine-stroke anọ si arụ ọrụ ga-enyere gị aka ịchọpụta nsogbu engine ma mee ka ị bụrụ onye na-azụ ihe nke ọma.

Akụkụ 1 nke 5: Ịghọta Injin-Stroke anọ

Site na mmanụ ụgbọ ala nke mbụ ruo na igwe ọgbara ọhụrụ e wuru taa, ụkpụrụ nke engine strok anọ ka dị otu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ mpụga nke injin ahụ agbanweela kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ na mgbakwunye nke ịgbanye mmanụ, njikwa kọmputa, turbochargers na superchargers. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a ka agbanweela ma gbanwee n'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ iji mee ka engine dịkwuo mma ma dị ike. Mgbanwe ndị a ekwela ka ndị na-emepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu na ọchịchọ nke ndị na-azụ ahịa, ebe ha na-enweta nsonaazụ enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Igwe mmanụ ụgbọala nwere strok anọ:

• Inweta ọrịa strok
• mkpakọ ọrịa strok
• ike ije
• okirikiri mwepụta

Dabere n'ụdị injin ahụ, ịkụ aka ndị a nwere ike ime ọtụtụ ugboro kwa nkeji mgbe injin na-agba ọsọ.

Nkeji 2 nke 5: Inteke Stroke

A na-akpọ ọrịa strok mbụ nke na-eme n'ime injin ahụ. Nke a na-eme mgbe piston na-agbada na cylinder. Mgbe nke a mere, valvụ oriri na-emepe, na-ekwe ka ngwakọta nke ikuku na mmanụ na-adọta n'ime cylinder. A na-adọta ikuku n'ime engine site na nzacha ikuku, site na ahụ trottle, gbadaa site na ntinye ihe oriri, ruo mgbe ọ ruru cylinder.

Dabere na injin ahụ, a na-agbakwunye mmanụ ọkụ na ngwakọta ikuku a n'oge ụfọdụ. N'ime injin carbureted, a na-agbakwunye mmanụ ọkụ ka ikuku na-agafe na carburetor. N'ime igwe a na-agbanye mmanụ ọkụ, a na-agbakwunye mmanụ ọkụ na ebe onye injector dị, nke nwere ike ịbụ ebe ọ bụla n'etiti ahụ trottle na cylinder.

Ka piston na-agbadata na crankshaft, ọ na-emepụta nsị nke na-enye ohere ịbanye ngwakọta nke ikuku na mmanụ ụgbọala. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ikuku na mmanụ ụgbọala na-abanye n'ime engine na-adabere na nhazi nke engine ahụ.

• Ịkpachara anya: Turbocharged na supercharged engines na-arụ ọrụ n'otu ụzọ ahụ, ma ha na-emekarị na-emepụta ike dị ka ngwakọta nke ikuku na mmanụ ụgbọala na-amanye n'ime engine.

Akụkụ 3 nke 5: mkpakọ strok

Ọrịa strok nke abụọ nke injin ahụ bụ strok mkpakọ. Ozugbo ngwakọta ikuku / mmanụ ọkụ dị n'ime cylinder, a ghaghị ịpịkọta ya ka engine wee nwee ike ịmepụta ike ọzọ.

• Ịkpachara anya: N'oge strok mkpakọ, a na-emechi valves na engine iji gbochie ikuku / mmanụ ọkụ ka ọ ghara ịgbanahụ.

Mgbe crankshaft wedara piston na ala nke cylinder n'oge strok oriri, ọ na-amalite ugbu a ịlaghachi azụ. Piston na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'elu cylinder ebe ọ na-eru ihe a maara dị ka top dead center (TDC), nke bụ ebe kachasị elu ọ nwere ike iru na engine. Mgbe e rutere n'etiti etiti nwụrụ anwụ, ngwakọta ikuku- mmanụ ọkụ na-ejikọta ya nke ọma.

Ngwakọta a gbakọtara n'ụzọ zuru ezu bi na mpaghara a maara dị ka ụlọ ọkụ. Nke a bụ ebe a na-agbanye ngwakọta ikuku / mmanụ ọkụ iji mepụta ọrịa strok na-esote na okirikiri.

Ọrịa strok nke mkpakọ bụ otu n'ime ihe kachasị mkpa na ụlọ engine mgbe ị na-agbalị ịmepụta ike na torque. Mgbe ị na-agbakọ mkpakọ engine, jiri ọdịiche dị n'etiti oghere dị na cylinder mgbe piston dị na ala na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oghere n'ime ụlọ ọkụ mgbe piston rutere n'etiti etiti nwụrụ anwụ. Ka oke mkpakọ nke ngwakọta a ka ukwuu, ka ike nke injin ahụ na-emepụta.

Akụkụ 4 nke 5: Nbugharị ike

Ọrịa strok nke atọ nke injin bụ strok na-arụ ọrụ. Nke a bụ ọrịa strok na-emepụta ike n'ime engine.

Mgbe piston rutere n'etiti etiti nwụrụ anwụ na ọrịa strok, ngwakọta ikuku na mmanụ ọkụ na-amanye n'ime ụlọ ọkụ. Ngwakọta ikuku-mmanụ ọkụ na-agbanye site na plọg ọkụ. Igwe ọkụ sitere na plọg ọkụ na-eme ka mmanụ ọkụ na-eme ka ọkụ na-eme ihe ike, na-achịkwa mgbawa n'ime ụlọ ọkụ. Mgbe mgbawa a mere, ike ahụ na-emepụta piston ma na-ebugharị crankshaft, na-ekwe ka cylinders nke engine na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ site na strok anọ ahụ.

Buru n'uche na mgbe mgbawa a ma ọ bụ ike na-ada, ọ ghaghị ime n'otu oge. Ngwakọta ikuku-mmanụ ọkụ ga-agbanye ọkụ n'otu ebe dabere na nhazi nke engine. N'ime ụfọdụ engines, ngwakọta ga-agbanye ọkụ n'akụkụ etiti nwụrụ anwụ (TDC), ebe ndị ọzọ ngwakọta ahụ ga-agbanye ogo ole na ole mgbe oge a gasịrị.

• Ịkpachara anya: Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ ahụ emeghị n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị, mkpọtụ engine ma ọ bụ mmebi dị njọ nwere ike ime, na-ebute ọdịda engine.

Akụkụ 5 nke 5: Hapụ ọrịa strok

Ọrịa strok ntọhapụ bụ strok nke anọ na nke ikpeazụ. Mgbe njedebe nke ọrịa strok na-arụ ọrụ, cylinder na-ejupụta na gas na-ekpochapụ nke fọdụrụ mgbe ọkụ nke ngwakọta ikuku-ọkụ. A ga-ehichapụ gas ndị a na injin tupu ịmalitegharị okirikiri ahụ dum.

N'oge ọrịa strok a, crankshaft na-ebugharị piston azụ n'ime cylinder na valvụ iyuzucha meghere. Ka piston na-ebuli elu, ọ na-ebupụ gas ndị ahụ site na valvụ ikuku, nke na-eduga n'ime usoro ikpochapu. Nke a ga-ewepụ ọtụtụ gas na-ekpochapụ na injin ahụ wee kwe ka injin malite ọzọ na ọrịa strok oriri.

Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta ka nke ọ bụla n'ime ọrịa strok ndị a si arụ ọrụ na injin nwere strok anọ. Ịmara usoro ndị a bụ isi nwere ike inyere gị aka ịghọta ka engine si emepụta ike, yana otu esi agbanwe ya iji mee ka ọ dịkwuo ike.

Ọ dịkwa mkpa ịmara usoro ndị a mgbe ị na-achọ ịchọpụta nsogbu injin dị n'ime. Buru n'uche na nke ọ bụla n'ime ọrịa strok ndị a na-arụ otu ọrụ nke ga-ejikọta ya na moto. Ọ bụrụ na akụkụ ọ bụla nke injin ahụ daa, injin agaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla.