Kedu ihe mkpuchi nke wires asbestos dị ka?

Edemede m n'okpuru ga-ekwu maka ihe asbestos waya mkpuchi mkpuchi dị ka ma nye ndụmọdụ bara uru.

Mkpuchi waya asbestos bụ nhọrọ a ma ama maka mkpuchi waya eletrik n'ime 20s.^th narị afọ, mana a kwụsịrị mmepụta n'ihi ọtụtụ nsogbu ahụike na nchekwa.

N'ụzọ dị mwute, naanị nlele anya ezughị iji chọpụta ihe mkpuchi waya asbestos. Fiber asbestos dị obere и ha bụ bụghị bụn isi. Ịkwesịrị ịma ụdị waya ọ bụ, mgbe etinyere ya na ebe ejiri ya chee echiche banyere o yikarịrị ka mkpuchi ahụ nwere asbestos. Nnwale asbestos ga-egosi ma ọ dị ma ọ bụ na ọ nọghị.

Aga m egosi gị ihe ị ga-eleba anya, mana nke mbụ, m ga-enye gị nkọwa dị nkenke maka ihe kpatara ịchọpụta mkpuchi mkpuchi asbestos wires dị oke mkpa.

Ozi ndabere dị nkenke

eji asbestos

A na-eji asbestos kpuchie eriri eletrik na North America site na 1920 ruo 1988. A na-eji ya eme ihe maka uru bara uru nke okpomọkụ na ọkụ ọkụ, ọkụ eletrik na mkpuchi mkpuchi, njedebe zuru oke, ike dị elu, na nkwụsị acid. Mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe maka mkpuchi waya eletrik n'ozuzu, ụdị ígwè dị ala na-adịkarị n'ụlọ ụfọdụ. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ebe okpomọkụ dị elu.

Nchegbu gbasara iji asbestos bụ nke izizi welitere n'ụzọ iwu n'usoro iwu njikwa ihe na-egbu egbu nke 1976 na Iwu nzaghachi mberede Asbestos nke 1987. Agbanyeghị na US Environmental Protection Agency nwara igbochi ọtụtụ ngwaahịa asbestos na 1989, Ngwuputa asbestos na US kwụsịrị na 2002 ma a ka na-ebubata ya na mba ahụ.

Ihe ize ndụ nke mkpuchi asbestos

Ikpuchi waya asbestos bụ ihe ize ndụ ahụike, ọkachasị mgbe waya na-eyi ma ọ bụ mebie, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ọ dị n'akụkụ ụlọ na-ekwo ekwo. Mkpughe nke ikuku asbestos eriri ikuku nwere ike ịgbakọta na anụ ahụ ngụgụ wee bute ọrịa dị iche iche, gụnyere ọrịa cancer akpa ume, asbestosis na mesothelioma. Ọtụtụ mgbe ihe mgbaàmà anaghị apụta ruo mgbe ọtụtụ afọ gachara.

A na-amata asbestos ugbu a dị ka carcinogen, n'ihi ya, ndị ọkụ eletrik anaghịzi eji ya na-achọ iwepụ ya ma ọ bụ dochie ya. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-abanye n'ụlọ ochie, ị kwesịrị ịlele mkpuchi waya maka asbestos.

Otu esi amata wiwi mkpuchi asbestos

Iji nyere aka chọpụta wiring mkpuchi asbestos, jụọ onwe gị ajụjụ anọ:

1. Kedu ọnọdụ waya ahụ?
2. Gịnị bụ waya a?
3. Kedu mgbe emere waya?
4. Ebee ka waya dị?

Kedu ọnọdụ waya ahụ?

Ọ bụrụ na waya, dị ka ị na-eche, nwere ike ịnwe mkpuchi asbestos na ọnọdụ mebiri emebi, ị ka kwesịrị dochie ya. Ekwesịrị iwepụ ya ọbụlagodi na ejighị ya, mana ọ dị n'ime ụlọ mmadụ nwere. Chọọ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbelata, ihu igwe, mgbawa, wdg. Ọ bụrụ na mkpuchi ahụ daa ma ọ bụ daa ngwa ngwa, ọ nwere ike ịdị ize ndụ ma ọ nwere asbestos ma ọ bụ na o nweghị.

Kedu ụdị waya nke a bụ?

Ụdị wiring nwere ike ịma ma ọ bụrụ na mkpuchi ahụ nwere asbestos. Enwere ụdị waya dị iche iche nwere mkpuchi asbestos (lee tebụl).

Atiya	Ụdị	Nkọwa ( waya nwere…)
Waya mkpuchi asbestos (Klas 460-12)	A	asbestos mkpuchi
AA	asbestos mkpuchi na asbestos braid
AI	impregnated asbestos mkpuchi
AIA	asbestos impregnated mkpuchi na asbestos braid
Waya kpara akpa (klas 460-13)	AVA	mkpuchi mkpuchi asbestos nke ejiri akwa varnish na akwa asbestos tinye
AVB	mkpuchi asbestos nke eji akwa akwa na akwa akwa na-eguzogide ọkụ
AVL	mkpuchi asbestos nke eji akwa akwa na mkpuchi nke ndu
Ndị ọzọ	AF	waya ume ike na-eguzogide asbestos
AVC	mkpuchi asbestos jikọtara ya na eriri ihe agha

Ụdị mkpuchi wiring na-enwekarị nchegbu a na-akpọ vermiculite, nke a na-ere n'okpuru aha aha Zonolite. Vermiculite bụ akụrụngwa ịnweta sitere n'okike, mana isi mmalite sitere na ya (otu ogbunigwe dị na Montana) mere ka ọ metọọ. Ọ dị ka mica ma mejupụtara akpịrịkpa ọlaọcha.

Ọ bụrụ na ịchọta ụdị mkpuchi waya a n'ụlọ gị, ị ga-akpọ onye ọkachamara ka ịlele ya. Ụdị mkpuchi waya ndị ọzọ nwere asbestos gụnyere Gold Bond, Hi-Temp, Hy-Temp, na Super 66.

Otu ụdị mkpuchi waya asbestos bụ ihe na-efesa ihe na-emepụta igwe ojii nke eriri na-egbu egbu na ikuku. Ọ ga-adịkwa mma karịa ma ọ bụrụ na etinyere ihe mkpuchi ahụ nke ọma mgbe ịgbasachara ya. Iwu ndị dị adị n'ozuzu ekweghi ka ejiri ihe karịrị 1% asbestos mee ihe na mkpuchi fesa na bitumen ma ọ bụ resin.

Kedu mgbe emere waya?

Enwere ike itinye wiwi dị n'ụlọ gị mgbe mbụ arụrụ ụlọ ahụ. Na mgbakwunye na ịchọta nke a, ịkwesịrị ịma mgbe ejiri mkpuchi asbestos waya na mpaghara ma ọ bụ obodo gị na mgbe ọ kwụsịrị. Kedu mgbe iwu obodo ma ọ bụ obodo machiri iji mkpuchi waya asbestos?

Dị ka a na-achị, maka USA nke a pụtara oge n'etiti 1920 na 1988. Ụlọ ndị e wuru mgbe afọ a gachara nwere ike ịnwe asbestos, ma ọ bụrụ na e wuru ụlọ gị tupu 1990, karịsịa n'etiti afọ 1930 na 1950, enwere ohere dị ukwuu na mkpuchi waya ga-abụ asbestos. Na Europe, afọ nkwụsị ahụ dị gburugburu 2000, na gburugburu ụwa, mkpuchi asbestos waya ka na-eji n'agbanyeghị WHO na-akpọ maka mmachibido iwu kemgbe 2005.

Ebee ka waya dị?

Ngwongwo na-eguzogide okpomọkụ nke wiwi asbestos na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ime ụlọ ndị nwere oke okpomọkụ. Ya mere, ohere nke ikpochi wires na asbestos dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na ngwa ahụ bụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ígwè ochie, toaster, igwe ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụ ọkụ, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na wiwi dị nso n'akụkụ ngwa ọkụ dị ka ọkụ eletrik ma ọ bụ igwe ọkụ.

Otú ọ dị, a na-ejikwa ihe mkpuchi waya asbestos ụdị "loose-fill" mee ihe n'ebe ndị ọzọ dị ka ụlọ elu, mgbidi ime ụlọ, na oghere ndị ọzọ nwere oghere. O nwere udidi mara mma. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enyo enyo mkpuchi asbestos waya n'uko ụlọ gị, ị ga-anọpụ na ya, echekwala ihe n'ebe ahụ, kpọọ ọkachamara ka ọ wepụ asbestos.

Ụdị mkpuchi asbestos dị mfe nke a na-amata bụ bọọdụ ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi ndị a nyakọtara na mgbidi iji zoo wiwi. A na-eme ha nke asbestos dị ọcha ma dị oke egwu, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ahụ ibe ma ọ bụ bee na ha. Mbadamba mkpuchi asbestos n'azụ wiring nwere ike isi ike iwepụ.

Nnwale asbestos

Ị nwere ike iche na ejiri asbestos kpuchie waya ahụ, mana a ga-achọ nyocha asbestos iji gosi nke a. Nke a na-agụnye ịkpachara anya maka ihe egwu nwere ike igbu egbu, na igwu mmiri ma ọ bụ igbupu iji were nlele maka nyocha obere ihe. Ebe ọ bụ na nke a abụghị ihe onye nwe ụlọ nwere ike ime, ị ga-akpọtụrụ onye ọkachamara na-ewepụ asbestos. Enwere ike ịkwado mkpuchi mkpuchi kama iwepu mkpuchi mkpuchi asbestos kpamkpam, dabere na ọnọdụ ahụ.

Lelee ụfọdụ akụkọ anyị n'okpuru.

• Ebee ka injin ala waya dị
• Otu esi ewepu waya na njikọ nkwụnye
• Ihe mkpuchi ahụ nwere ike imetụ waya eletrik aka

Njikọ na onyonyo

(1) Neil Munro. Mpempe mkpuchi mkpuchi asbestos na nsogbu nke mwepụ ha. Ewepụtara na https://www.acorn-as.com/asbestos-insulating-boards-and-the-problems-with-their-removal/. 2022.

(2) Asbestos-contaminated vermiculite eji maka mkpuchi waya: https://www.curriculumnacional.cl/link/http:/www.perspectivy.info/photography/asbestos-insulation.html

(3) Ruben Saltzman. Ozi ọhụrụ gbasara mkpuchi asbestos-vermiculite nke attics. Structure Tech. Ewetara na https://structuretech1.com/new-information-vermiculite-attic-insulation/. 2016.