Ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ mmiri "Crusader"
Ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ mmiri "Crusader"Tank, Cruiser Crusader.
Akwụsịrị mmepe mmalite nke ọrụ A15 n'ihi ejighị n'aka nke ihe ndị a chọrọ n'onwe ha wee maliteghachi n'okpuru aha A16 na Nuffield. N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nkwado nke nhazi osisi nke A13 Mk III ("Ọgbụgba ndụ"), nke e gosipụtara na April 1939, onye isi nke Mechanization Directorate jụrụ General Staff ka ọ tụlee atụmatụ ndị ọzọ nke ga-adaba na tankị ụgbọ mmiri dị arọ. Ndị a bụ A18 (mmụbawanye nke tank Tetrarch), A14 (nke Landon Midland na Scottish Railway mebere), A16 (nke Nuffield mebere), na “ọhụrụ” A15, nke kwesịrị ịbụ ụdị gbasaa. A13Mk III. A15 bụ ọkacha mmasị doro anya, ebe ọ na-eji ọtụtụ akụkụ na mgbakọ nke tankị A13, gụnyere ụdị ụgbọ mmiri Christie, nwere ike ịbanye ngwa ngwa, n'ihi ogologo ogologo ya, ọ gbochiri ọwa mmiri sara mbara ma nwee 30-40. mm armor, nke nyere ya ohere ka ukwuu karịa ndị ọzọ na-achọ. Nuffield nyekwara iwu imepụta tankị dabere na A13 M1s III yana ndọtị nke ụgbọ ala n'okpuru otu wiil okporo ụzọ n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla. Na June 1939, Nuffield tụrụ aro iji Liberty engine nke base A13 kama Meadows nke tank A13 Mk III, ebe nnwere onwe etinyelarị Nuffield n'ime mmepụta mana ejibeghị ya. O kwekwara nkwa ibelata ibu; Onye isi Ngalaba Mechanization kwetara na na Julaị 1939 ha nyere ọrụ kwekọrọ ekwekọ maka tankị 200 tinyere ụdị nnwale. Emebere nke ikpeazụ site na March 1940. N'etiti afọ 1940, iwu maka A15 mụbara ruo 400, wee ruo igwe 1062, Nuffield ghọrọ onye ndu n'ime otu ụlọ ọrụ itoolu na-etinye aka na mmepụta nke A15. Ruo 1943, ngụkọta mmepụta ruru 5300 ụgbọala. "Nrịanrịa nwata" nke ihe atụ ahụ gụnyere ikuku ikuku na-adịghị mma, ezughị oke injin, na ihe isi ike mgbanwe. Mmepụta na-enweghị nnwale ogologo pụtara na Crusader, dị ka a na-akpọ ya na njedebe nke 1940, gosipụtara ntụkwasị obi na-adịghị mma. N'oge agha na ọzara, tank Crusader ghọrọ isi tank nke Britain site na mmiri nke 1941. O buru ụzọ hụ ihe na Capuzzo na June 1941 wee sonye na agha niile sochirinụ na North Africa, na ọbụlagodi na mmalite nke Agha El Alamein na October 1942 ọ nọgidere na-eji egbe 57 mm na-eje ozi, ọ bụ ezie na n'oge ahụ. Ndị America MZ na M4 ejirilarị dochie anya ya.
E mechara wepụrụ tankị ndị agha Crusader ikpeazụ na ngalaba agha na May 1943, mana ejiri ihe nlereanya a mee ihe dị ka ọzụzụ ruo ọgwụgwụ nke agha ahụ. Site n'etiti 1942, Crusader chassis na-emegharị na ụgbọ ala pụrụ iche, gụnyere ZSU, traktọ ogbunigwe na ARV. Ka ọ na-erule oge e hibere Agha Ntụte ahụ, oge agafeela iburu n'uche ihe mmụta dị n'ọgụ a na-alụ na France na 1940 n'ichepụta ya. Karịsịa, e kpochapụrụ turret igwe egbe n'ihi ikuku ikuku na-adịghị mma na obere irè ya, yana kwa. maka ime ka mmepụta dị mfe. Na mgbakwunye, ọ bịara kwe omume ịbawanye ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe agha na akụkụ ihu nke hull na turret. N'ikpeazụ, Mk III e jikere site na 2-paụnd ruo 6-paụnd.
Ndị German mere ememe Crusader tank maka oke ọsọ ya, ma ọ pụghị ịsọ mpi German Pz III nwere egbe 50-mm - onye isi ya na-emegide ya n'ọzara - na oke agha, ntinye ya na ntụkwasị obi arụmọrụ. German 55-mm, 75-mm na 88-mm egbe mgbochi tankị na-akụkwa ndị agha Crusad ngwa ngwa n'oge ọgụ a na-alụ n'ọzara.
Njirimara arụmọrụ nke tank MK VI "Crusider III"
Mgbanwe:
Isi mmalite:
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Ndị ụlọ ọrụ Nuffield mepụtara tank Crusader na 1940 ma na-anọchite anya mmepe ọzọ nke ezinụlọ nke ụgbọ mmiri ụgbọ mmiri na ụdị caterpillar nke Christie. Ọ nwere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu: igwe mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Nuffield-Liberty dị n'azụ azụ ahụ, ebe a na-alụ ọgụ dị n'etiti akụkụ ya, ngalaba njikwa dị n'ihu. Ụfọdụ ngbanwe site na atụmatụ oge gboo bụ igwe-egbe turret, nke etinyere na mgbanwe mbụ n'ihu, n'aka nri nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala. Isi ngwá agha nke tank - 40-mm egbe ala na 7,92-mm igwe egbe coaxial na ya - na-etinyere na a okirikiri okirikiri turret, nke nwere nnukwu akụkụ nke mmasị nke efere efere ruo 52 mm oké. A na-eme ntụgharị nke ụlọ elu ahụ site na iji ụgbọ mmiri hydraulic ma ọ bụ ígwè ọrụ. Ihe owuwu ihe owuwu ahụ nwere ihe agha ihu 52 mm n'obosara yana ngwa agha akụkụ 45 mm n'obosara. Iji kpuchido ụgbọ n'okpuru ụgbọ ala, etinyere enyo ndị nwere ngwa agha. Dị ka ndị njem ụgbọ mmiri Britain niile, tank Crusader nwere ọdụ redio na intercom tank. Emepụtara Agha Ntụte ahụ na mgbanwe atọ sochiri anya. Emepụtara mgbanwe ikpeazụ nke Crusader III ruo Mee 1942 wee jiri egbe egbe 57 mm were were were. Na mkpokọta, e mepụtara ihe dị ka 4300 Crusaders na 1373 ọgụ na ụgbọ ala inyeaka dabere na ha (mgbochi ụgbọ elu nke na-ebupụta onwe ya, nrụzi na ụgbọ mgbake, wdg). N'afọ 1942-1943. ha bụ ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ nke brigades na-arụ ọrụ agha.
