Nrọ onye nduzi: akụkọ nke Mercedes E-class

A bịa n'ihe gbasara sedan Executive, ihe mbụ na-abata n'uche bụ Mercedes-Benz E-class. Akwụkwọ ozi "E" pụtara na aha nlereanya na 1993 na ọgbọ W124, nke na-egosighị otú akụkọ ihe mere eme si baa ọgaranya.

Mana n'ezie, ụdị azụmaahịa Mercedes malitere na 1926. Ka ọgbọ dị ugbu a na-eji ihu ihu na-akwado ịkụ ụlọ ngosi, ka anyị leba anya n'azụ ebe ọdịnala "nrọ onye nduzi" na Daimler lineup malitere.

1926: W2, mbụ "ebube" Mercedes

Na ihe ngosi moto nke Berlin, Mercedes na-egosi ihe nlere nke etiti dị ọhụrụ nke nwere injin cylinder isii lita abụọ - W2, nke a makwaara dị ka Ụdị 8/38. Nke a bụ ihe nlere mbụ nke Daimler-Benz mepụtara ọhụrụ wepụtara mgbe njikọta nke ụlọ ọrụ abụọ dị iche na mbụ. Emepụtara ụgbọ ala ahụ n'ime obere oge site n'aka onye ntụzi teknụzụ Daimler Ferdinand Porsche. N'ihi nrụgide sitere n'elu mgbe nile, Porsche na onye isi ụlọ ọrụ bụ Wilhelm Kessel sere okwu, eweghachighị nkwekọrịta ya.

1936: Ụgbọ ala mbụ nke nwere engine diesel

Afọ atọ ka mpụta mbụ ya gasịrị, W2 e degharịrị ma ugbu a a na-akpọ Mercedes-Benz Typ Stuttgart 200. Ọ na-ejigide 1998 cc engine na 38 horsepower, ma mkpakọ ruru abawanyela site na 5: 1 ruo 6,2: 1, Zenith carburetor. ejirila Solex dochie ya, yana igbe ngwa ngwa anọ dị ka nhọrọ n'ọnọdụ ọkọlọtọ ngwa ngwa atọ. The nso na-agụnye 200 (W21), 230 (W143) na 260 D (W138) variants, nke pụtara na 1936 dị ka ndị mbụ njem ụgbọ ala na mmanụ dizel engine.

1946-1955: ya na 170 V ruo 170 DS

Daimler-Benz bụ otu n'ime ndị na-anya ụgbọ ala German na-agbake ngwa ngwa kemgbe agha ahụ. Ugbua na 1946, ụlọ ọrụ maliteghachiri mmepụta nke njem ụgbọ ala na tupu agha 170 V (W136) engines, ma gbanwetụrụ maka mkpa nke ndị uwe ojii, nnapụta ọrụ, wdg A afọ mgbe e mesịrị, 170 S (W191) pụtara, na mbụ kpamkpam post-agha nlereanya, ka na 38 horsepower. Ọ bụ naanị na 1950 ka ọ na-abawanye na 44 horsepower.

Site na akụ na ụba na-agbake nwayọọ nwayọọ ma na-eto eto, Mercedes gbasaa usoro 170. Diesel 1949 D e wepụtara na 170, sochiri otu afọ na 170 S Saloon, abụọ mgbanwe mgbanwe. Na 1952 e wepụtara mmanụ dizel 170 D, sochiri 170 SV na 170 SD. Nke ikpeazụ nọgidere na mmepụta ruo 1955.

1952-1962: W120, "Ponton"

Mgbe e bipụtara foto mbụ nke prototype nke ọdịnihu Mercedes 1952 (W180) na 120, akwụkwọ German Das Auto, Motor und Sport ebipụtakwara parody nke Goethe ama uri "Eze nke ọhịa" (Erlkonig). Ọ bụ ya mere na Germany a na-akpọkarị ihe nlereanya ahụ Eze ọhịa. Agbanyeghị, a na-akpọkarị ya “pontoon” n'ihi nrụpụta akụkụ atọ ya na ọmarịcha ọdịdị ya.

N'igosi ike ikuku dị mma karịa ụdị ochie, nkwusioru ọhụrụ na injin 1,9-liter na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma nke na-emepụta horsepower 52, ụgbọ ala ahụ na-achọsi ike. N'afọ 1954, e nwere nsụgharị isii nke cylinder, yana mmanụ dizel 180D.

N'afọ 1956, 190 mbụ kwụsịrị mgbakọ ahụ - ụdị ụgbọ ala dị elu, nke nwere 75 horsepower, wee mụbaa ruo 80.

Ngụkọta nke 443 pontoons silinda anọ ka erere n'ụwa niile - ọmarịcha ihe rụpụtara maka afọ ndị ahụ.

1961-1968: W110, "Fins"

Na Germany, a na-akpọ ihe nlereanya a Heckflosse ("fin" ma ọ bụ "propeller") n'ihi nhazi nke akụkụ azụ. Onye nọchiri Pontoon bụ mmalite nke ogologo ọdịnala Mercedes nke imepụta ihe nchekwa. Ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere ime ụlọ na-echekwa na mpaghara pụrụ iche iji nweta ume na ihe omume nke mmetụta. E webatara breeki n'ihu nke ọma karị na 1963, ma tinyekwa steeịnụ telescopic na 1967, nke na-enwetakwa ume ma ọ bụrụ na enwere nkukota.

Ezinụlọ W110 na mbụ nwere mmanụ ala 190 na diesel 190 D, nke e mechara gbakwunye 200, 200D na cylinder isii 230 nwere nnukwu horsepower 105 maka oge ahụ. Ụdị kachasị ike na-enwetakwa ụdị agbatị, gụnyere ụgbọ ala ọdụ. Nhọrọ gụnyere ihe ndị dị ka steering ike, ugegbe elu ụlọ, ekpo ọkụ n'azụ windo, ntụ oyi, akpaka nnyefe na ike windo.

1968-1976: W114, nkeji 8

N'ọgwụgwụ 1960s, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mechara kewapụ ụdị azụmahịa ya na sedans okomoko, nke a ka na-akpọ S-models.

N'afọ 1968, onye na-anọchi anya Fin pụtara - W114, ọdịdị nke onye na-emepụta French bụ Paul Braque na-ese ya. Na Germany, a na-akpọ ụgbọ ala a na W115 metụtara ya "Strich Acht" - "slanting asatọ", n'ihi na "/ 8" pụtara na aha koodu ha.

Ọ bụ ihe mbụ Mercedes nlereanya na-ere ihe karịrị 1 nde nkeji (n'ezie, na njedebe nke mmepụta na 1976, 1,8 nde sedans na 67 coupes gbakọtara).

A na-eji koodu W114 mee ihe maka engines cylinder isii, a na-ejikwa W115 maka ụdị nwere cylinder anọ ma ọ bụ ise. Ihe kacha echefu echefu bụ 250 OA nwere ogbugba mmanụ Bosch na 150 horsepower, yana 280 E nwere ihe ruru 185 horsepower.

Teknụzụ, ụgbọ ala a bụ ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ karịa Plavnik - nwere ogwe mgbochi mpịakọta, nnyefe ọsọ ọsọ ise, mkpọchi etiti na wiil alloy. Mgbe ahụ, a na-enwe eriri oche na-enweghị isi na ihe mgbochi isi.

1976-1986: akụkọ akụkọ W123

Na 1976, Mercedes mechara webata onye ga-anọchi W114, nke akpọrọ W123. Ụgbọ ala a ozugbo ghọrọ ihe mmetụta ahịa, tumadi n'ihi ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ nke Bruno Sako. Mmasị ahụ dị ukwuu nke na ndị mmadụ na-echere ụgbọ ala ahụ ihe karịrị otu afọ, na n'ahịa nke abụọ, W123 na-eji obere ihe dị ọnụ karịa ndị ọhụrụ. Ihe nlereanya ahụ mere ngwa ngwa na arụmọrụ nke onye bu ya ụzọ na site na njedebe nke mmepụta ya na 1986 ọ rere ihe karịrị nde 2,7. A na-ebugharị ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na Germany na ya nke ukwuu, ebe injin ndị ahụ nwere ike ịga njem 500 na ọbụna 000 km na-enweghị nnukwu ndozi.

Nke a bụkwa ihe nlereanya mbụ nwere ụdị ụgbọ ala gọọmentị - ruo ugbu a ọ bụ naanị mgbanwe ọzọ, ọkachasị na osisi IMA nke Belgium.

W123 na-abịa na nhọrọ nke injin dị egwu, sitere na 55 ruo 177 horsepower. Nke mara bụ 300 TD variant, na a turbodiesel unit na 125 horsepower. E mepụtakwara ụdị nnwale nwere ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na hydrogen.

Maka oge mbụ n'ime ihe nlereanya a, ABS, tank mgbochi mmetụta, airbag ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na njikwa ụgbọ mmiri na-apụta dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nhọrọ.

Ụgbọ ala ahụ gosipụtara ike ya na ihe nkiri London-Sydney Rally, ebe 280 E abụọ na-ewere ebe abụọ kachasị elu na abụọ ndị ọzọ gwụchara na iri kacha elu.

1984-1997: W124, E-Klas nke izizi

Ọgbọ W124, nke gbara arụkwaghịm na 1984, bụ onye mbụ natara aha E-Class n'ihu ọha, n'agbanyeghị na ọ natara ya na njedebe nke ndụ ihe nlereanya ahụ, na June 1993. Ndị Galitzendorfer na Pfeiffer haziri ihe nlere ahụ, yana ụdị mmepụta nke Bruno Sako. W124 dị n'ụdị anọ: sedan, wagon ọdụ ụgbọ oloko, coupe na mgbanwe, yana ụdị agbatiri na ọtụtụ ụdị pụrụ iche.

Nhọrọ nke mmanụ petrol na mmanụ dizel ka agbawanyewanyela, yana nsonaazụ ugbu a sitere na 72 ruo 326 horsepower (n'elu 500 E kemgbe 1990). Obere oge ka e mesịrị, E 60 AMG pụtara na 381 horsepower, 4Matic All-wheel drive na a multi-njikọ n'azụ nkwusioru. Naanị afọ 13, e mepụtara ụgbọ ala nde 2,737.

1995-2002: W210, E-Klas "anya anọ"

Ọrụ na onye ga-anọchi W124 malitere na ngwụcha 80s. Nhazi nke Steen Matin n'okpuru nduzi nke Bruno Sako. Anyị ga-echeta ụgbọ ala a dị ka "anọ" n'ihi ọkụ ihu abụọ gbara gburugburu dị n'ihu.

E-Class a, nke a maara dị ka W210, buru ibu ma dị oke ọnụ karịa nke gara aga.

Nke a bụ Mercedes izizi gosipụtara ọkụ ihu xenon nwere ngbanwe ọkụ akpaka.

Nhọrọ nke engines ka bara ọgaranya, site na 95 ruo 347 horsepower. N'afọ 1998, e jiri V6 ọhụrụ, koodu M112 dochie anya isii ahụ, nke nwere oke nke 223 horsepower na 310 Nm nke torque. Ụdị nke mbụ nwere nnyefe ọsọ 4, ebe ndị na-esote 1996 nwere ọsọ ise.

N'ụzọ dị mwute, E210 ga-echetakwa maka mgbanwe dị nkọ n'ịdị mma, ihe si n'aka Daimler onye isi Jürgen Schrempp na-ebelata ego. A maara ụgbọ ala nke ọgbọ a maka ọtụtụ ntụpọ - site na nsogbu na flywheel, ihe mmetụta ikuku, ọkụ ọkụ na-agbaze, ọdịda nke usoro windo, ruo nchara ugboro ugboro na ọnụ ụzọ na ọbụna na akara mkpuchi.

2002-2009: W211

Nsogbu nke W210 bufere onye nọchiri W211, ewepụtara na 2002. Ihe nlereanya a bụ evolushọn nke ụgbọ ala gara aga, na-ewebata ọkụ ọkụ bi-xenon, ikuku ikuku na-akpaghị aka, nhichapụ mmiri ozuzo na-akpaghị aka na ọtụtụ teknụzụ ndị ọzọ. Ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere nkwusioru anọ n'ihu, nkwusioru ọtụtụ njikọ n'azụ na ngbanwe nkwusioru ikuku nhọrọ. Ọ bụkwa E-Klas nke mbụ nwere njikwa nkwụsi ike eletrọnịkị (ESP) dịka ọkọlọtọ.

Site na nchụpụ Schremp na ngbanwe site na Dieter Zetsche na 2006, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ malitekwara mgbalị siri ike iji melite ogo mmepụta, na nsụgharị W211 kachasị ọhụrụ na-ewere na ọ dị mma karịa nke mbụ. Mgbe emechara ihu, ụdị E63 AMG pụtara na ike kacha nke 514 horsepower.

2009-2016: W212

N'afọ 2009, e mechara kwụsị W211 wee dochie W212, nke Thomas Stopka mere, bụ nke a na-echeta maka ọkụ ọkụ ya na-adịghị ahụkebe. Otú ọ dị, a na-eji ikpo okwu ọhụrụ ahụ nanị maka sedan na ụgbọ ala ọdụ, ebe nsụgharị coupe na nsụgharị dabeere na C-Class (W204).

Mercedes mere ihu n'ihu na 2013, ma n'eziokwu, n'ihe gbasara mgbanwe mgbanwe na ntinye ego na mmepe (ihe karịrị 1 ijeri euro), ọ bụ ihe nlereanya ọhụrụ kpamkpam. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'onwe ya na-ekwu na nke a bụ "ntụgharị uche kachasị mkpa" nke ihe nlereanya ha meworo. Apụọla ọkụ ọkụ quad na-arụrịta ụka, na onye nrụpụta ọhụrụ Gordon Wagener ewetala E-Class na nkwekọ na usoro ndị ọzọ.

2016-2020: W213

Ọgbọ dị ugbu a gbara arụkwaghịm na Detroit na 2016. Ọdịdị ya, nke Robert Lesnik mere n'okpuru nduzi nke Wagener, na-ejikọta ya na C-Class na S-Class. Ọ bụkwa onye isi ọrụ teknụzụ kachasị elu na akụkọ ihe mere eme Mercedes, nwere ikike ịtụgharị na ọbụna gafere n'okporo ụzọ awara awara wee laghachi n'ụzọ ya.

E-Class nwetara nkwalite ihu n'afọ a, nke ga-amalite n'ọtụtụ ahịa na njedebe ọdịda ma ọ bụ mmalite 2021. Mgbanwe imewe ahụ dị ntakịrị, mana ike ụgbọ ala dị oke njọ - iwebata teknụzụ ngwakọ 48-volt maka igwe mmanụ mmanụ, mmanụ mmanụ abụọ na ngwakọ dizel ọhụrụ. Ejiri MBUX dochie usoro ozi iwu ochie, nke ụlọ ọrụ Sofia nke onye na-ahụ maka ndị ọrụ Visteon mepụtara.