Nkọwa antifirizi G11, G12 na G13

A na-akpọ mmiri mmiri teknụzụ eji eme ka injin ụgbọ ala dị jụụ. Ha niile nwere ebe jụrụ oyi dị ala ma na-eji ya na sistemụ jụrụ oyi nke ụgbọ ala. Ekwesịrị iburu n'uche na ha yiri ihe mejupụtara, mana enwere ụfọdụ nuances na teknụzụ nke nrụpụta ha, mba dị iche iche ewepụtala nkọwa nke ha maka coolants. Ihe mgbochi kachasị ewu ewu nke Volkswagen G11, G12 na G13 nchegbu akpaaka. Anyị ga-enyocha n'ụzọ zuru ezu njirimara na ngwa nke mmiri ndị a na iji ha eme ihe nke ọma iji chebe ụgbọ ala dị ka o kwere mee site na ndakpọ na-atụghị anya ya.

Ụdị nke antifreeze ngalaba G

All antifreezes nwere ihe dị ka 90% ethylene glycol ma ọ bụ propylene glycol. Ha na-agbakwunye ihe dị ka 7% mgbakwunye na ihe ndị nwere mgbochi ụfụfụ na ihe mgbochi cavitation. Ihe mgbakwunye nwere ntọala kemịkalụ dị iche iche. Ụfọdụ na-esi na nnu nke inorganic acids, dị ka silicates, nitrites, phosphates. Ndị ọzọ, site na ngwakọta kemịkalụ, mejupụtara organic na carboxylic acid. Ọzọkwa, na ụwa nke oge a, ihe mgbakwunye sitere na ngwakọta nke nnu nke organic na inorganic acid apụtawo. Iji chọpụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti onwe ha, e kewara ha ụzọ anọ: omenala, carboxylate, ngwakọ, lobrid.

Kemgbe mmalite nke mbụ G11 antifreeze sitere na Volkswagen na 1984, nkà na ụzụ abanyela n'ihu, n'ihi nke a, G12 antifreeze brand pụtara na 2012, n'ihi ọgụ a na-alụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi, G13 antifreeze wepụtara na ngwaahịa enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Mgbochi G11 nke mbụ, dị ka Tosol, bụ nke antifrize ọdịnala. Ha na-eji ogige inorganic eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye: silicates, phosphates, borates, nitrites, nitrates, amines, nke na-etolite oyi akwa na-egbochi corrosion. Ihe nkiri nchebe nke ọ na-etolite na-eme ka ọ daa ka oge na-aga, na-atụgharị na abrasive siri ike nke na-emechi ọwa mmiri na-eduga na mmebi nke radiator ma ọ bụ mgbapụta. Ndụ shelf nke mmiri mmiri ndị a adịghị ogologo, ha na-eje ozi karịa abụọ, afọ atọ. Igwe nchekwa nke ha na-etolite na-emebi nnyefe okpomọkụ, nke na-eduga na mmebi nke nguzozi okpomọkụ, ya mere, na 1996, akara G12 pụtara na ihe mgbakwunye sitere na organic na carboxylic acid.

Ụkpụrụ nke nchịkwa corrosion na G12 antifreezes dabeere na mmetụta ozugbo na mpaghara mmebi. Ihe mgbakwunye sitere na organic na carboxylic acid adịghị etolite ihe nkiri nchebe n'elu usoro ahụ, mana na-eme ihe ozugbo na elekwasị anya nke bilitere, nke pụtara na ha anaghị echebe usoro ahụ, mana naanị na-enye aka na ọgwụgwọ nke nsogbu etolitela. . Ndụ ọrụ nke antifirizi dị otú ahụ bụ site na atọ ruo afọ ise.

Na G12 + antifirizi, ndị na-emepụta kpebiri iwepụ enweghị nchebe engine wee kpebie ijikọta njirimara nke teknụzụ silicate na carboxylate, na-emepụta ngwakọta ngwakọ nke, na mgbakwunye na acid carboxylic, ihe dịka 5% nke ihe mgbakwunye inorganic. Mba dị iche iche na-eji ihe dị iche iche eme ihe: nitrites, phosphates ma ọ bụ silicates.

N'afọ 2008, otu klas nke antifreezes G12 ++ pụtara, n'ihi usoro dị mma, ọ na-ejikọta uru niile nke organic na inorganic acid. Nchekwa corrosion nke usoro jụrụ oyi, mgbidi engine, ya na ya dị elu karịa.

Teknụzụ gara n'ihu wee jiri propylene glycol coolants dochie ethylene glycol coolants, na ndabere na gburugburu ebe obibi. Antifreeze G13, dị ka G12 ++, bụ nke ụdị lobrid, ọ nwere propylene glycol mmanya na mineral mgbakwunye, ekele maka nke ha na-arụ a lubricating na mgbochi corrosion ọrụ, adịghị crystallize n'okpuru mmetụta nke ala okpomọkụ na nwere a pụtara elu. ebe a na-esi esi esi, adịghị emetụta akụkụ nke rọba na polymers nke ọma.

A na-ese ụdị antifreeze niile na agba dị iche iche, ma ọbụlagodi na otu agba, site na ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche, ihe mejupụtara nwere ike ịdị iche iche. Ntụcha a na-ahụkarị nke antifreezes ọdịnala bụ acha anụnụ anụnụ ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Carboxylate nwere acha ọbara ọbara, oroma ma ọ bụ pink hue. Ọgbọ ọhụrụ antifreezes, propylene glycol, na-acha odo odo ma ọ bụ odo.

Ịgwakọta antifreezes, ụdị dị iche iche

Iji họrọ antifreeze nke dị mma na mejupụtara, ịkwesịrị ịtụle ihe eji eme engine na radiator nke ụgbọ ala gị, ebe ọ bụ na ihe mgbakwunye gụnyere n'ime ihe mejupụtara na-eme ihe dị iche iche na aluminom, ọla ma ọ bụ akụkụ ọla kọpa, ị nwere ike iji dochie anya mmiri mmiri ozugbo enwere ike, n'agbanyeghị oge ọ dabara adaba. Jiri nlezianya gụọ nkọwapụta maka ụgbọ ala gị wee họrọ antifirizi dịka klaasị nnabata egosiri na labelụ.

Mgbe ị na-agbakwunye antifreeze, ịkwesịrị ịdabere na agba nke mmiri mmiri, kama na akara ya, ka ị ghara ịgwakọta ihe dị iche iche nke kemịkal dị na mgbakwunye.

Buru n'uche na ọ bụrụ na ị mix liquids nke dị iche iche mejupụtara, ọ dịghị ihe ọjọọ nwere ike ime, ma ọdịda ga-ekwe omume, na antifreeze agaghị anagide ya isi ọrụ, ozugbo enwere ike a ga-achọrọ ngbanwe zuru ezu, na ikekwe ọ bụghị naanị antifirizi. onwe ya.