Leopard isi agha tank
Ihe
Leopard isi agha tank
Ma arọ nke turret Leopard - ihe dị ka tọn 9 - tụgharịrị dị obere karịa nke tankị ndị yiri ya (ihe dị ka tọn 15). Obere uka nke turret mere ka arụ ọrụ nke usoro nduzi na usoro traverse ochie nke turret anya, nke e ji mee ihe na tank M48 Patton. N'aka nri n'ihu akpa ahụ bụ oche onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala. N'elu ya n'elu ụlọ nke ọkpụkpụ ahụ, e nwere oghere, na mkpuchi nke a na-etinye periscopes atọ. A na-ewepụ nke dị n'etiti n'ụzọ dị mfe, a na-etinyekwa ngwaọrụ ọhụụ abalị n'ebe ya na-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na ọnọdụ nke adịghị ahụ anya. N'aka ekpe nke oche onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala bụ mgboagha nwere akụkụ nke ibu mgboagha, na-enye onye na-ebu ihe dị mfe ịnweta ibu mgbọ n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnọdụ ọ bụla nke turret ikwu na tank tank. Ebe ọrụ nke loader dị na turret, n'aka ekpe nke egbe. Maka ịnweta tankị wee pụọ na ya, onye na-ebu ibu nwere oghere dị iche iche n'elu ụlọ elu ahụ.
Isi agha tank "Leopard-1" na omume N'akụkụ aka nri nke turret n'akụkụ oghere nke loader, e nwere onye na-achị tankị na onye na-agba egbe. Ebe ọrụ onye egbe dị n'ihu turret n'aka nri. Onye isi ụgbọ mmiri dị ntakịrị n'elu na n'azụ ya. Isi ngwá agha nke "agụ" bụ English 105-mm rifled egbe L7AZ. Ibu mgboagha, nke nwere mgbọ 60, gụnyere mgbọ agha, mgbọ ala nke nwere pallet nwere ike ịpụpụ, mkpokọta na ngwa agha na-amapu nnukwu ihe mgbawa nwere ihe mgbawa rọba. A na-ejikọta otu egbe igwe 7,62mm na egbe egbe, nke abụọ na-agbanyekwa na turret dị n'ihu oghere nke loader. N'akụkụ ụlọ elu ahụ, a na-etinye bọmbụ ogbunigwe maka ịtọ enyo anwụrụ ọkụ. Onye na-agba egbe na-eji stereoscopic monocular rangefinder na anya telescopic, na ọchịagha na-eji panoramic visual, nke na-anọchi anya infrared n'abalị. The tank nwere a dịtụ elu ngagharị, nke a na-hụ na site na iji a 10-cylinder V-edi multi-fuel diesel engine MV 838 Ka M500 na ike nke 830 lita. Ya na. na 2200 rpm na hydromechanical nnyefe 4NR 250. Chassis nke tank (n'elu osisi) na-agụnye 7 track rollers mere nke ìhè alloys na-adabere na torsion mmanya nkwusioru, a n'azụ-ndokwasa mbanye wheel, a n'ihu-ndokwasa steering wheel na abụọ na-akwado. rollers . A kama dị ịrịba ama vetikal ije nke okporo ụzọ wiil ikwu na tank akịrịka na-achịkwa site limiters. A na-ejikọta ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ hydraulic na ndị na-edozi ihe nkwusioru nke mbụ, nke abụọ, nke atọ, nke isii na nke asaa. Egwu nke egwu ndị ahụ nwere ihe mkpuchi rọba, nke na-eme ka tank ahụ na-aga n'okporo ụzọ awara awara na-emebighị ihe mkpuchi ya. "Leopard-1" nwere ihe nzacha-ventilashị nke na-eme ka ọrụ ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ maka awa 24, yana usoro ngwá ọrụ ọkụ. Site n'enyemaka nke akụrụngwa maka ịkwọ ụgbọ ala n'okpuru mmiri, enwere ike imeri ihe mgbochi mmiri ruo mita 4. A na-eme nkwurịta okwu site na iji redio redio 5EM 25, nke na-arụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ ugboro (26-70 MHz) na ọwa 880, 10 nke nke bụ mmemme. Mgbe ị na-eji antenna ọkọlọtọ, oke nkwurịta okwu ruru 35 km. Na mmalite 70s na Germany, iji meziwanye àgwà ọgụ nke tank Leopard-1, a na-emezi usoro nhazi ya. The mbụ modernized nlereanya natara aha "Leopard-1A1" (1845 ugbo ala e kere anọ usoro). A na-eji tankị ahụ eme ihe na-eji ụgbọ elu abụọ eme ihe na-edozi ihe agha, a na-ekpuchi égbè égbè ahụ na mkpuchi na-ekpo ọkụ.
Nnukwu tank agha "Leopard-1". Maka nchebe ọzọ nke akụkụ nke ọkpụkpụ ahụ, a na-etinye ihe mgbochi n'akụkụ. Ihe mgbochi rọba pụtara na egwu katapila. A na-amata tankị "Leopard-1A1A1" site na ihe agha mpụga ọzọ nke ụlọ elu ahụ, nke ụlọ ọrụ "Blom und Voss" mere, nke nwere efere mgbochi agbagọ na akwa mkpuchi artificial etinyere na ha, nke a na-etinye n'elu ụlọ elu ahụ na-ekpuchi ya. njikọ. A na-agbakọkwa efere ihe agha n'ihu elu ụlọ ahụ. Ihe a niile mere ka mmụba nke ibu ọgụ nke tankị dị ihe dị ka kilogram 800. Igwe usoro A1A1 nwere silhouette pụrụ iche nke na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịmata. Mgbe ọzọ ogbo nke modernization pụtara Leopard-1A2 nlereanya (342 ụgbọala e mepụtara). A na-amata ha site na ngwa agha siri ike nke turret nkedo, yana ntinye nke ngwaọrụ ọhụụ abalị na-enweghị ìhè kama nke ndị na-arụ ọrụ gara aga nke onye isi tank na onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na-eji. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ihe nzacha ikuku engine na usoro nzacha-ventilashion maka nchebe megide ngwá agha nke mbibi ka emewo ka mma. N'èzí, tankị nke usoro A1 na A2 siri ike ịmata. Agụ owuru-1AZ tank (110 nkeji emepụtara) nwere ọhụrụ welded turret na oghere ihe agha. Ụlọ elu ọhụrụ ahụ kwere ka ọ bụghị nanị imeziwanye àgwà nchebe, kamakwa ime ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ogige agha dịkwuo elu n'ihi nnukwu niche n'azụ ya. Ọnụnọ nke niche nwere mmetụta dị mma n'ịhazi ụlọ elu dum. A periscope pụtara na mkpofu nke loader, na-enye ohere maka nlele okirikiri. Ụdị Leopard-1A4 (ụgbọ mmiri 250 emepụtara) nwere usoro njikwa ọkụ ọhụrụ, gụnyere kọmpụta ballistic eletrọnịkị, ihe nlegharị anya panoramic ọchịagha jikọtara ọnụ (ehihie na abalị) yana ahịrị P12 kwụsiri ike, yana nnukwu anya onye ogbunigwe nwere ihe ngosi. EMEZ 12A1 stereoscopic rangefinder nwere nkwalite 8- na 16x. Ka ọ na-erule 1992, ndị Bundeswehr nwetara ụgbọ ala 1300 Leopard-1A5, nke bụ mmelite ọzọ nke ụdị Leopard-1A1 na Leopard-1A2. A na-eji tankị kwalitere nwere ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ nke sistemu njikwa ọkụ, ọkachasị anya onye ogbunigwe nwere ihe nrịbama laser arụnyere na ọwa ihe onyonyo ọkụ. Emeziela ụfọdụ ndozi na ihe nkwụsi ike egbe. N'oge na-esote nke imeziwanye ihe, ọ ga-ekwe omume iji dochie egbe egbe 105-mm na-eji nwayọọ 120-mm caliber. Njirimara arụmọrụ nke nnukwu tank agha "Leopard-1" / "agụ-1A4"
Na ndabere nke agụ owuru-1 tank, e kere ezinụlọ nke armored ugbo ala maka nzube dị iche iche, gụnyere Gepard ZSU, Standard armored mmezi na mgbake ụgbọ, tank akwa oyi akwa, na Pioneerpanzer-2 sapper tank. Ịmepụta tankị Leopard-1 bụ nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma maka ụlọ ọrụ ndị agha German. Ọtụtụ mba nyere iwu igwe ndị a na Germany ma ọ bụ nweta ikikere maka nrụpụta ha na ntọala ụlọ ọrụ nke ha. Ugbu a, tankị nke ụdị a na-eje ozi na ndị agha nke Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Greece, Italy, Holland, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey na, n'ezie, Germany. Ndị tankị Leopard-1 gosipụtara na ọ dị mma n'oge ọrụ, nke a bụ ihe mere na ọtụtụ mba ndị e depụtara n'elu, mgbe ha malitere ịmalite agha ala ha, tụgharịrị anya na Germany, ebe ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ pụtara - tankị Leopard-2. Ma ebe ọ bụ na February 1994, "agụ owuru-2A5".
Nnukwu tank agha "Leopard-2"Mmepe nke ọgbọ nke atọ mgbe agha gasịrị malitere na 1967 dị ka akụkụ nke ọrụ MBT-70 jikọtara ya na United States. Ma afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ọ bịara doo anya na n'ihi esemokwu na-ebilite mgbe niile na ọnụ ahịa na-arịwanye elu, a gaghị arụ ọrụ ahụ. N'ịbụ ndị enweghị mmasị na mmepe nkwonkwo, ndị Germany na-etinye mgbalị ha na tankị nnwale nke KRG-70, nke aha ya bụ "Kyler". N'ime ụgbọ ala a, ndị ọkachamara German na-eji ọtụtụ ihe ngwọta nke a chọtara n'oge mmejuputa ọrụ nkwonkwo. N'afọ 1970, Germany na United States mesịrị malite ịmepụta tankị mba nke ha. N'otu afọ ahụ, e mezuru nkwekọrịta n'etiti FRG na USA maka nhazi nke mmemme tank ha. O nyere maka ijikọ nke isi ngwa agha, mgboagha, usoro njikwa ọkụ, injin, nnyefe na egwu. N'ikwekọ n'akwụkwọ nkwekọrịta a, e mepụtara ụdị tank ọhụrụ nke Leopard n'ime nhazi nke hull na turret nke a na-eji ihe agha multi-layer ohere mee ihe, ma tinyekwa usoro nchịkwa ọkụ ọhụrụ. N'afọ 1976, e mere nyocha nke tankị a na American XM1. Mgbe US jụrụ ịnabata Leopard-2 dị ka otu tankị NATO, ndị ọrụ nchekwa German na 1977 nyere iwu maka imepụta igwe 800 nke ụdị a. Serial mmepụta nke Leopard-2 isi tank malitere n'otu afọ na ụlọ mmepụta ihe nke Krauss-Maffei (isi ọrụ ngo) na Krupp-Mack Maschinenbau. Ha rụpụtara 990 na 810 n'ime tankị ndị a, n'otu n'otu, bụ nke ebugara ndị agha ala site na 1979 ruo etiti 1987, mgbe emechara mmemme mmepụta Leopard-2 maka ndị agha German. Na 1988-1990, e debere iwu ọzọ maka imepụta ụgbọ ala 150 Leopard-2A4, nke ga-anọchi tankị Leopard-1A4 rere na Turkey. Mgbe ahụ, e nyere iwu 100 ọzọ - oge a n'ezie ndị ikpeazụ. Kemgbe 1990, a kwụsịrị mmepụta nke "Leopards", Otú ọ dị, a na-emezigharị ụgbọ ala ndị dị na ndị agha, nke e mere maka oge ruo 2000. Ọ na-agụnye iwusi nchebe agha nke hull na turret siri ike, na-etinye ihe ọmụma tank na usoro nchịkwa, yana imeziwanye akụkụ ndị dị n'okpuru. N'oge a, German Ground Forces nwere 2125 Leopard-2 tankị, nke a kwadebere na niile tank battalions.
Oghere Usoro sample nke isi agha tank "Leopard-2A5". Njirimara arụmọrụ nke isi agha tank "Leopard-2" / "Leopard-2A5"
Gụọ kwa:
Isi mmalite:
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Na July 1963, ndị Bundestag kpebiri malite uka mmepụta nke ọhụrụ tank. Akpa tankị, a na-akpọ "Leopard-1", banyere tank nkeji nke Bundeswehr na August 1963. Tank "Leopard" nwere okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu. N'aka nri n'ihu ụgbọ mmiri ahụ bụ oche onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala, na turret - n'etiti akụkụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, a na-etinye isi ihe agha nke tank ahụ, ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri atọ ndị ọzọ dịkwa n'ebe ahụ: ọchịagha, onye na-ebu egbe na onye na-ebu ibu. N'azụ bụ ngalaba ike nwere injin na nnyefe. A na-agbaji ahụ nke tank ahụ site na efere ihe agha akpọrepu. Oke kachasị nke ngwa agha ihu nke hull ruru 70 mm na akụkụ nke 60 °. Ejiri nlezianya pụrụ iche rụọ ụlọ elu nkedo. Ogologo ya dị ala bụ ihe e ji mara - 0,82 m n'elu ụlọ na 1,04 m ruo n'ókè kachasị elu nke ngwaọrụ ndị na-ahụ maka ọchịagha dị n'elu ụlọ. Otú ọ dị, ịdị elu nke ụlọ elu ahụ emeghị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ogige agha nke tankị Leopard-1, bụ 1,77 m na 1,77 m.
German tank Leopard 2A7 +
Tankị maka mbupụ
tankị "agụ owuru". Germany. A. Merkel
Ịre agụ owuru na Saudi Arabia
Der Spiegel: gbasara teknụzụ Russia
