Mweghachi na mmezi nke injectors dizel. Kacha mma injection usoro

Ihe

Hụkwa plọg na-egbuke egbuke na igwe dizel - ọrụ, nnọchi, ọnụ ahịa. Nduzi
Ntụkwasị obi nke sistemu injection
Na-ehicha sistemu ịgba ọgwụ, ya bụ. mgbochi

Otu n'ime ọnọdụ ndị bụ isi maka ịrụ ọrụ ziri ezi nke engine diesel bụ usoro ịgba ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Tinyere maka igwe nwere ahụmahụ, anyị na-akọwa usoro ịgba ọgwụ kacha nta na nke a na-apụghị ịdabere na ya.

Mweghachi na mmezi nke injectors dizel. Sistemụ injection kacha mma

Igwe ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ka ọ na-abawanye nrụgide injection mmanụ. N'ime igwe dizel, a na-agbanye mmanụ dizel n'ime ụlọ ọkụ na oke nrụgide. Ya mere, usoro ịgba ọgwụ, ya bụ mgbapụta na injectors, bụ isi ihe dị na engines ndị a.

Sistemụ ịgba mmanụ mmanụ dị iche iche na injin dizel

Usoro ịgba ọgwụ n'ime nkeji mmanụ dizel abanyela mgbanwe teknụzụ n'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga. Ekele dịrị ya, a naghị aghọta abscesses ndị na-ewu ewu dị ka ihe mgbochi nke ise siga. Ha aghọwo akụ na ụba na ngwa ngwa.

Taa, ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ ozugbo bụ ọkọlọtọ na injin dizel. Usoro a na-ahụkarị bụ Rail Common. Fiat mepụtara usoro ahụ na mmalite 90s, ma e rere patent ahụ na Bosch n'ihi nnukwu ọnụ ahịa mmepụta. Ma ụgbọ ala mbụ nwere usoro a bụ na 1997 Alfa Romeo 156 1.9 JTD.

Na usoro ụgbọ oloko nkịtị, a na-anakọta mmanụ ọkụ na ọkpọkọ nkịtị wee kesaa ya n'okpuru nrụgide dị elu na injectors. The valves na injectors na-emeghe dabere na engine ọsọ. Nke a na-eme ka ngwakọta kachasị mma nke ngwakọta na cylinders ma belata oriri mmanụ. Tupu a na-agbanye mmanụ ọkụ n'ezie, ihe a na-akpọ tupu ịgbanye ọkụ iji kpoo ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ. Ya mere, a na-enweta ọkụ ọkụ ngwa ngwa nke mmanụ ọkụ na arụ ọrụ dị jụụ nke unit ike.

Enwere ụdị abụọ nke usoro ụgbọ oloko nkịtị: ya na injectors electromagnetic (nke a na-akpọ Common Rail 2003th generation) yana ndị injectors piezoelectric (nke a na-akpọ ọgbọ nke XNUMX). Nke ikpeazụ bụ ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ, nwere akụkụ ndị na-akpụ akpụ dị ntakịrị na ịdị arọ dị arọ. Ha nwekwara oge ngbanwe dị mkpụmkpụ ma na-enye ohere maka nleta mmanụ ụgbọala ziri ezi. Kemgbe XNUMX, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-atụgharị na ha. Ụdị ejiri maka injectors solenoid gụnyere Fiat, Hyundai/KIA, Opel, Renault na Toyota. A na-eji injectors piezoelectric eme ihe karịsịa na injin ọhụrụ. Mercedes, PSA nchegbu (onye nwe Citroen na Peugeot), VW na BMW.

Hụkwa plọg na-egbuke egbuke na igwe dizel - ọrụ, nnọchi, ọnụ ahịa. Nduzi

Ihe ngwọta ọzọ maka ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ ozugbo na engines dizel bụ unit injectors. Agbanyeghị, a naghịzi eji ya na ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ. Ndị injectors mgbapụta enyefela usoro Rail Common, nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma dị jụụ. Volkswagen, nke kwalitere ihe ngwọta a, anaghịkwa eji ha eme ihe.

Afọ ole na ole gara aga, Volkswagen na ụdị ndị yiri ya (Audi, SEAT, Skoda) jiri unit injectors. Nke a bụ sistemu injector injector (UIS). Ihe ndị bụ isi bụ mono-injectors dị n'elu cylinders. Ọrụ ha bụ imepụta nrụgide dị elu (ihe karịrị mmanya 2000) na ịgbanye mmanụ dizel.

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Ntụkwasị obi nke sistemu injection

Mechanics na-ekwusi ike na yana mmepe nke sistemu ịgba ọgwụ, ntụkwasị obi ha ebelatala.

- The kacha nta ihe mberede mmanụ dizel injection usoro bụ ndị a tọhapụrụ ọtụtụ iri afọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna ọtụtụ afọ gara aga, nke bụ isi ihe bụ elu-nrụgide mmanụ ụgbọala mgbapụta nkesa - Marcin Geisler si Auto-Diesel-Service si Kobylnica nso Słupsk kwuru.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, barel Mercedes W123 na-ewu ewu nwere ntụtụ na-apụtaghị ìhè. Enwere akụkụ ole na ole na-akpụ akpụ, usoro ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ ọbụna na obere mmanụ ọkụ. Otú ọ dị, akụkụ dị ala bụ ngwa ngwa na-adịghị mma, ọrụ injin na-eme mkpọtụ na oriri mmanụ dizel dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụgbọ okporo ígwè taa.

Nhazi ọhụrụ - nke nwere injection ozugbo - enweghị mmejọ ndị a, mana ọ na-enwe mmetụta karịa n'ịdị mma mmanụ ụgbọala. Nke a bụ ihe kpatara na sistemụ nwere injectors electromagnetic ejighị ntụkwasị obi karịa sistemụ nwere piezoelectric.

“Ha na-eguzogide mmanụ na-adịghị mma. Piezoelectrics na-ada ngwa ngwa mgbe ọ na-akpakọrịta mmanụ dizel mmetọ. - na-akọwa Geisler - Ịdị mma mmanụ dizel bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-emetụta ọrụ nke usoro dum. Mmanụ aṅụ rụrụ arụ nke na-emezughị ụkpụrụ bụ ihe na-akpata nsogbu.

Hụkwa kpachara anya maka mmanụ e mere baptizim! Nleba anya ndị wayo n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri

Enwekwara sistemu nwere nozzles electromagnetic na-agbaji ugboro ugboro karịa ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ ikpe, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Ford Mondeo III nwere 2.0 na 115 hp 130 TDci engines. na Ford Focus I 1.8 TDci. Sistemụ abụọ a jiri sistemu akara Delphi.

- Ihe kpatara mmebi nke mgbapụta injection. Mgbe ị gbasasịrị ya, ị nwere ike ịhụ ihe ntinye ígwè, nke, n'ezie, na-emebi nozzles, onye ọrụ ahụ na-akọwa. - O siri ike ikwu ma nke a metụtara ogo mmanụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ na teknụzụ mmepụta nke nfuli ndị a adịghị mma.

Nsogbu ndị yiri ya bụ nke Renault Megane II nwere injin 1.5 dCi. Mgbapu Delphi na-arụkwa ọrụ ebe a, na n'ime usoro mmanụ ụgbọala anyị na-ahụkwa ihe ntinye ígwè.

Notoriety na-esokwa Opel diesel, nke mgbapụta VP44 na-arụ ọrụ. Igwe ndị a na-anya ụgbọ ala, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, Opel Vectra III 2.0 DTI, Zafira I 2.0 DTI ma ọ bụ Astra II 2.0 DTI. Dị ka Gisler na-ekwu, na ọsọ nke ihe dị ka puku kilomita 200, mgbapụta ahụ na-ejide ma na-achọ ịmaliteghachi.

N'aka nke ọzọ, HDi engines, nke French nchegbu PSA na-emepụta na-eji na Citroen, Peugeot, na ebe ọ bụ na 2007 na Ford ụgbọ ala, nwere nsogbu na ohere mbụ mapụtara akụkụ, i.e. Siemens injectors.

"Enwere ike iji nke ejiri dochie nozzle nwere nkwarụ, mana anaghị m akwado ngwọta a, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dị ọnụ ala karịa," ka igwe na-arụ ọrụ na-ekwu.

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Ndozi ọnụ ahịa

Ọnụ ego nke ịrụzi usoro ịgba ọgwụ na-adabere n'ụdị injectors. Ndozi nke ngwaọrụ electromagnetic ndị a na-efu ihe dị ka PLN 500 nke ọ bụla, gụnyere ọrụ, ma mejupụtara ngbanwe nke ihe onye ọ bụla nke injector.

- Nke a bụ ọnụ ahịa mgbe ị na-eji akụkụ mapụtara mbụ. N'ihe banyere ngwaọrụ ziri ezi dị ka injector, ọ ka mma ka ị ghara iji dochie anya, na-emesi Marcin Geisler ike.

Ya mere, n'ihe banyere usoro Denso eji na Toyota engines, ọ dị mkpa iji dochie dum injector, n'ihi na ọ dịghị ihe mbụ components na ahịa.

Enwere ike dochie nozzles piezoelectric naanị n'ozuzu ya. Ọnụ ego a bụ PLN 1500 kwa ibe, gụnyere ọrụ.

- Piezoelectric injectors bụ ihe ọhụrụ dị ọhụrụ na ndị na-emepụta ha ka na-echekwa patent ha. Mana nke a bụ ihe gbasara nozzles electromagnetic n'oge gara aga, yabụ mgbe oge ụfọdụ gachara, ọnụahịa maka ịrụzi piezoelectric ga-ada, isi iyi anyị kwenyere.

Hụkwa mmanụ ụgbọala, Diesel ma ọ bụ LPG? Anyị gbakọrọ ego ole ọ ga-eji ịnya ụgbọ ala