Sistemụ injection nke mmanụ dizel - ịgbanye ozugbo na mgbapụta rotary VP 30, 37 na VP 44
Ihe
Ọnụ ahịa mmanụ ọkụ na -abawanye mgbe niile emeela ka ndị nrụpụta kwalite mmepe nke injin mmanụ dizel. Ruo ngwụsị 80, ha na -egwu violin nke abụọ na -abụghị injin mmanụ. Ndị kacha kpatara ya bụ oke ha, mkpọtụ na ịma jijiji, nke anaghị akwụghachi ụgwọ site na ọbụna obere mmanụ ọkụ. Ekwesịrị ime ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ site n'ike n'ike nke ihe iwu chọrọ iji belata nsị nke ihe na -emetọ ikuku na gas. Dị ka ọ dị na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, elektrọnik kachasị ike agbazinyela aka na injin mmanụ dizel.
N'ọgwụgwụ 80s, mana ọkachasị na 90s, ejiri nwayọọ nwayọọ webata njikwa mmanụ eletrik (EDC), nke mere ka arụmọrụ injin dizel ka mma. Isi uru tụgharịrị bụrụ atomization mmanụ ọkụ ka mma na -enweta site na nrụgide dị elu, yana ntụtụ mmanụ ọkụ na -ejikwa elektrọnik dabere na ọnọdụ dị ugbu a na mkpa injin ahụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime anyị ga-echeta site na ahụmịhe nke ndụ ụdị 'ịga n'ihu' butere iwebata injin 1,9 TDi akụkọ ifo n'udo. Dị ka isi wand na -esi isi, nnukwu 1,9 D / TD ka ọ dị ugbu a abụrụla onye na -eme egwuregwu maara nke nwere oke ume ike.
N'isiokwu a, anyị ga -agwa gị otu igwe mgbapụta rotary injection si arụ ọrụ. Anyị ga -ebu ụzọ kọwaa otú nfuli lobe rotary na -arụ ọrụ si arụ ọrụ wee na -ejikwa nfuli elektrọnik. Ọmụmaatụ bụ mgbapụta ogbugba mmiri sitere na Bosch, nke bụ ma bụrụkwa onye ọsụ ụzọ na onye kacha arụpụta sistemụ ntụtụ maka injin dizel n'ụgbọ ala ndị njem.
Ngalaba ịgba ntụtụ na mgbapụta rotary na -enye mmanụ ụgbọ ala ihe ọkụ ọkụ niile n'otu oge. Ọ bụ piston onye nkesa na -ekesa mmanụ a na -enye ndị injectors n'otu n'otu. Dabere na ngagharị nke piston, a na -ekewa nfuli lobe rotary na axial (nwere otu piston) na radial (nwere pistons abụọ ruo anọ).
Ihe mgbapụta Rotary injection na pistin axial na ndị nkesa
Maka nkọwa, anyị ga-eji mgbapụta Bosch VE ama ama. Mgbapụta ahụ nwere mgbapụta nri, mgbapụta mgbali elu, onye na -ahụ maka ọsọ na mgba ọkụ ntụtụ. Mgbapụta vane na -eri nri na -ebunye mmanụ ọkụ na oghere ịmịpụta mgbapụta, site na ebe mmanụ na -abanye na ngalaba nrụgide dị elu, ebe a na -etinye ya na nrụgide achọrọ. Piston onye nkesa na -eme ngagharị na ngagharị n'otu oge. Ihe na -amị amị amị bụ akpaaka nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na piston. Nke a na -enye ohere ka a mụnye mmanụ ma tinye ya n'ahịrị dị elu nke sistemụ mmanụ ọkụ site na valvụ nrụgide. N'ihi ngagharị ntụgharị nke piston na -achịkwa, a na -emezu na oghere nkesa na piston na -agbagharị n'ihu ọwa nke a na -ejikọ ahịrị nrụgide dị elu nke cylinders n'otu oghere isi mgbapụta n'elu piston. A na-amanye mmanụ n'ime ngagharị nke piston ahụ na etiti nwụrụ anwụ, mgbe akụkụ nke oghere oriri na oghere dị na piston ghere oghe.
Ihe mgbapụta Rotary injection na pistons radial
Mgbapụta rotary nwere pistons radial na -enye mgbali elu dị elu. Mgbapụta dị otú a nwere site na pistons abụọ ruo anọ, nke na -ebugharị mgbanaka cam, nke edobere na piston na cylinders ha, na -aga na ntụgharị ịgbanye. Mgbanaka cam nwere ọtụtụ akpa dị ka cylinder engine enyere. Ka ogwe mgbapụta na -agbagharị, pistons na -agagharị na tractionory nke mgbanaka cam site n'enyemaka nke rollers wee na -akwalite mgbagharị cam n'ime oghere nrụgide dị elu. A na -ejikọ rotor nke mgbapụta nri na oghere mbanye nke mgbapụta. A haziri mgbapụta nri iji nye mmanụ ọkụ site na tank gaa na mgbapụta mmanụ ọkụ dị elu na nrụgide achọrọ maka ịrụ ọrụ ya nke ọma. A na -enye mmanụ ọkụ na pistons radial site na rotor onye na -ekesa ya, nke ejikọtara ya na oghere mgbapụta injection. N'elu axis nke rotor onye nkesa, enwere oghere dị n'etiti na -ejikọ oghere nrụgide dị elu nke pistons radial na oghere transverse maka inye mmanụ sitere na mgbapụta nri yana maka iwepụta mmanụ ọkụ dị elu na injectors nke cylinders n'otu n'otu. Mmanụ ụgbọ ala na-abata na nozzles n'oge ijikọ akụkụ nke rotor bore na ọwa dị na stator mgbapụta. Site n'ebe ahụ, mmanụ ụgbọ ala ahụ na-aga site na ahịrị mgbali elu na-ebuga ya n'otu n'otu injectors nke cylinders engine. Iwu nke ego mmanụ a na -agbanye na -eme site na ịmachi oke mmanụ nke na -esi na mgbapụta nri na -aga n'akụkụ oke nrụgide nke mgbapụta ahụ.
Pumps Rotary Injection nke Eletrọniki na -achịkwa
Igwe ọkụ rotary elu nke a na-ejikarị eletrọnịkị na-achịkwa ụgbọ ala na Europe bụ usoro Bosch VP30, nke na-ebute nrụgide dị elu na moto axial piston, yana VP44, nke ọ na-emepụta mgbapụta mgbapụta dị mma na pistons abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ. Site na mgbapụta axial, ọ ga-ekwe omume nweta nrụgide nozzle kacha elu ruo 120 MPa, yana iji mgbapụta radial ruo 180 MPa. A na-achịkwa mgbapụta ahụ site na sistemụ njikwa igwe eletrọnịkị EDC. N'afọ ndị mbụ nke mmepụta, e kewara usoro nchịkwa ahụ ụzọ abụọ, otu n'ime ha na-achịkwa usoro nchịkwa engine, na nke ọzọ site na mgbapụta injection. Nke nta nke nta, a malitere iji otu onye njikwa nkịtị nke dị na mgbapụta ahụ ozugbo.
Mgbapụta Centrifugal (VP44)
Otu nfuli a na -ahụkarị bụ VP 44 radial piston pump si Bosch. Ewepụtara mgbapụta a na 1996 dị ka sistemụ mgbanye mmanụ ọkụ dị elu maka ụgbọ ala ndị njem na ụgbọ ala azụmahịa dị ọkụ. Onye nrụpụta izizi jiri sistemụ a bụ Opel, nke wụnyere mgbapụta VP44 na injin diesel anọ nke Vectra 2,0 / 2,2 DTi ya. Nke a na -esote Audi nwere injin TDi 2,5. N'ime ụdị a, a na -ejikwa elele eletrik na -achịkwa mmalite nke ịgba ntụtụ na ụkpụrụ nke oriri mmanụ. Dịka ekwurula, a na -ejikwa usoro ịgba ntụtụ ahụ abụọ site na nkeji njikwa abụọ, iche maka injin na mgbapụta, ma ọ bụ otu maka ngwaọrụ abụọ dị na mgbapụta ahụ. Ngalaba njikwa (s) na -ahazi akara site na ọtụtụ ihe mmetụta, nke a na -ahụ nke ọma na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'okpuru.
Site na nlele anya, ụkpụrụ ịrụ ọrụ nke mgbapụta ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka sistemụ arụ ọrụ. Mgba ntụtụ nwere nkesa radial nwere mgbapụta vane-ụlọ nwere valvụ njikwa nrụgide na valvụ nke na-asọba. Ọrụ ya bụ ịmịnye mmanụ, mepụta nrụgide n'ime ihe mkpokọ (ihe dị ka 2 MPa) ma were mgbapụta radial piston dị elu na-eme ka nrụgide dị mkpa maka ezigbo atomization - ịgbanye mmanụ n'ime cylinders (ihe ruru 160 MPa). . ). Ogwe camshaft na-agbagharị na mgbapụta dị elu ma na-enye onye ọ bụla cylinders injector mmanụ. A na -eji valvụ solenoid ngwa ngwa tụọ ma hazie ọnụego mmanụ etinyere, nke na -ejikwa akara na -agbanwe ugboro ugboro site na el. unit dị na mgbapụta. Mmeghe na mmechi nke valvụ na -ekpebi oge a na -enye mmanụ site na mgbapụta dị elu. Dabere na akara sitere na ihe nrịgo ihu azụ (ọnọdụ angular nke cylinder), a na -ekpebi ọnọdụ angular ozugbo nke ogwe mbanye na mgbanaka cam n'oge ntụgharị, ọsọ ntụgharị nke mgbapụta mgbapụta (ma e jiri ya tụnyere akara sitere na crankshaft sensọ) na ọnọdụ mgba ọkụ ntụtụ na mgbapụta na -agbakọ. Valvụ solenoid na -edozikwa ọnọdụ ngbanwe ntụtụ, nke na -agbagharị mgbanaka cam nke mgbapụta mgbali elu ya. N'ihi nke a, mkpanaka ndị na -anya pistons n'oge na -adịghị anya na -abanye na mgbanaka cam, nke na -eduga n'ịgba ọsọ ma ọ bụ igbu oge na mmalite mkpakọ. Ogwe njikwa nwere ike mepee ma mechie valvụ ntụtụ. Ihe mmetụta ntụgharị ihu steering dị na mgbanaka nke na -agbagharị n'otu oge na mgbanaka cam nke mgbapụta mgbali elu. Igwe na -enye ọkụ dị na ogwe mbanye nke mgbapụta ahụ. Isi ihe nwere ntụpọ kwekọrọ na ọnụ ọgụgụ cylinders dị na injin ahụ. Mgbe camshaft na -agbagharị, rollers ntụgharị na -agagharị n'elu mgbanaka cam. A na -abanye pistons n'ime ma na -amanye mmanụ ọkụ ka ọ nwee nnukwu nrụgide. Mkpakọba mmanụ n'okpuru nnukwu nrụgide na -amalite mgbe oghere nke solenoid valve site na mgbama sitere na ngalaba njikwa. Ogwe onye na -ekesa na -akwaga n'otu ọnọdụ n'ihu mwepụta mmanụ ọkụ na cylinder kwekọrọ. A na -etinyezi mmanụ ọkụ ahụ site na valvụ nlele ahụ, nke na -etinye ya n'ime cylinder. Ọgwụ ahụ na -ejedebe na mmechi nke valvụ solenoid. Valvụ ahụ na -emechi ihe dị ka mgbe ọ meriri etiti nwụrụ anwụ nke pistons radial nke mgbapụta ahụ, a na -ejikwa mmalite nke mgbali elu na -ejikọ ya site na ngagharị nke cam (njikwa mgba ọkụ na -achịkwa ya). Ọgba ọsọ, ibu, oke okpomọkụ nke injin na nrụgide gburugburu na -emetụta ntụtụ mmanụ. Ngalaba na -ahụ maka njikwa na -enyochakwa ozi site na ihe mmetụta crankshaft na akụkụ oghere nke mbanye n'ime mgbapụta. Ngalaba na -ahụ maka njikwa na -eji ihe nkuku ikuku iji chọpụta kpọmkwem ọnọdụ nke ogwe mbanye nke mgbapụta na mgba ọkụ ntụtụ.
1. - Vane extrusion mgbapụta na valve njikwa nrụgide.
2. - ihe mmetụta ntụgharị ntụgharị
3. - mmewere njikwa mgbapụta
4. - nnukwu mgbapụta mgbapụta na camshaft na drain valve.
5. - ịgbanye ntụtụ na valvụ na-agbanwe
6. - akwa nrụgide solenoid valve
Mgbapụta axial (VP30)
Enwere ike itinye usoro njikwa elektrọnịkị na mgbapụta piston rotary, dị ka ụdị Bosch VP 30-37, nke ejirila n'ụgbọ ala ndị njem kemgbe 1989. Na VE axial eruba mmanụ mgbapụta nke onye gọvanọ eccentric gọvanọ na -achịkwa. njem dị irè na nha mmanụ ụgbọ ala na -ekpebi ọnọdụ nke lever gear. N'ezie, a na -enweta ntọala nke ka nke ọma na elektrọnik. Onye na -achịkwa elektrọnik na mgbapụta ntụtụ bụ onye na -ahazi igwe na sistemụ ya ndị ọzọ. Ngalaba na -ahụ maka njikwa na -ekpebi ọnọdụ onye na -achịkwa elektrọnik na mgbapụta ntụtụ, na -eburu n'uche akara sitere na ihe mmetụta dị iche iche na -ejikwa arụmọrụ injin ahụ.
N'ikpeazụ, ihe atụ ole na ole nke nfuli ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'ime ụgbọ ala akọwapụtara.
Mgbapụta mmanụ ọkụ na -agba mmanụ na axis piston moto VP30 na -eji eg Ford Focus 1,8 TDDi 66 kW
VP37 na -eji injin 1,9 SDi na TDi (66 kW).
Ihe mgbapụta Rotary injection na pistons radial VP44 eji na ugbo ala:
Opel 2,0 DTI 16V, 2,2 DTI 16V
Audi A4 / A6 2,5 TDi
BMW 320d (100 kW)
Nhazi yiri nke a bụ mgbapụta ịgba agba rotary nwere pistons radial Nippon-Denso na Mazde DiTD (74 kW).
