Gwakọta mmiri breeki na ịcha ọcha. Gịnị ga-eme?
Ihe
Ngwakọta nke components na reagents
Mmiri breeki nwere polyglycols - ụdị polymeric nke polyhydric alcohols (ethylene glycol na propylene glycol), boric acid polyesters na modifiers. Chlorine gụnyere hypochlorite, hydroxide na calcium chloride. Isi reagent na mmiri breeki bụ polyethylene glycol, na ịcha ọcha - hypochlorite. E nwekwara ụdị mmiri mmiri nke ngwaahịa ezinụlọ nwere chlorine, nke sodium hypochlorite na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-eme ihe na-ekpo ọkụ.
Nkọwa nke usoro
Ọ bụrụ na ị gwakọtara mmiri ịcha ọcha na breeki, ị ga-ahụ mmeghachi omume siri ike site na ntọhapụ gas. Mmekọrịta ahụ anaghị eme ozugbo, ma mgbe 30-45 sekọnd gasịrị. Mgbe e guzobere geyser, ngwaahịa gas na-enwu, nke na-agwụkarị na mgbawa.
A naghị atụ aro ka ịme nnwale ahụ n'ụlọ. Maka usoro ahụ, a ga-eji ngwá ọrụ nchebe mee ihe, a ga-emekwa mmeghachi omume ahụ na mkpuchi uzuzu ma ọ bụ na oghere oghere n'ebe dị anya.
usoro mmeghachi omume
N'ime nnwale ahụ, a na-eji ịcha ọcha emebere ọhụrụ. Kama ịcha ọcha, ị nwere ike iji sodium hypochlorite, nke nwere ihe ruru 95% chlorine dị. Na mbido, nnu hypochlorite na-emebi site na nguzobe nke chlorine atomic:
NaOCl → NaO+ + CI-
Ihe na-akpata ion chloride bombards na molecule nke ethylene glycol (polyethylene glycol), nke na-eduga ná nkwụsịtụ nke nhazi polymer na redistribution nke njupụta electron. N'ihi ya, monomer, formaldehyde, kewapụrụ na yinye polymer. A na-atụgharị molekul ethylene glycol ka ọ bụrụ radical electrophilic, nke na-emeghachi omume na ion chloride ọzọ. N'oge na-esote, acetaldehyde na-ekewapụ na polymer, na n'ikpeazụ alkene kachasị mfe, ethylene, na-anọgide. Atụmatụ ndakpọ n'ozuzu bụ nke a:
Polyethylene glycol ⇒ formaldehyde; acetaldehyde; Ethylene
Mbibi mbibi nke ethylene glycol n'okpuru ọrụ chlorine na-esonyere ntọhapụ nke okpomọkụ. Otú ọ dị, ethylene na formaldehyde bụ gas na-ere ọkụ. Ya mere, n'ihi ikpo ọkụ ngwakọta mmeghachi omume, ngwaahịa gas na-agbanye ọkụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmeghachi omume dị oke ngwa ngwa, mgbawa na-eme n'ihi mgbasawanye nke ngwa ngwa nke ngwakọta mmiri gas.
Gịnị kpatara mmeghachi omume ahụ anaghị ewere ọnọdụ?
Ọtụtụ mgbe mgbe a na-agwakọta mmiri breeki na ịcha ọcha, ọ nweghị ihe a na-ahụ. Nke a na-eme maka ihe ndị a:
- Ejiri ịcha ọcha ụlọ mee ihe
Mgbe a na-echekwa ya n'èzí, calcium hypochlorite ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọ calcium carbonate na calcium chloride. A na-ebelata ọdịnaya nke chlorine na-arụ ọrụ ruo 5%.
- Obere okpomọkụ
Ka mmeghachi omume na-aga n'ihu, ọ dị mkpa ikpo ọkụ breeki na okpomọkụ nke 30-40 Celsius C
- Oge ezughị oke agafeela
Mmeghachi omume yinye radical na-eme site na mmụba nke nwayọ nwayọ. Ọ ga-ewe ihe dịka nkeji 1 maka mgbanwe a na-ahụ anya ịpụta.
Ugbu a ị maara ihe ga-eme ma ọ bụrụ na agwakọta ịcha ọcha na mmiri breeki yana ka mmekọrịta ahụ si eme.
