Ngwa igwe ọkụ n'ime ime - vidiyo, eserese, foto

Igwe ọkụ dị n'ime bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị ahụ mepụtara nke tụgharịrị ndụ anyị gburugburu - ndị mmadụ nwere ike isi n'ụgbọala ndị na-adọkpụ ịnyịnya na-adọkpụ gaa n'ụgbọ ala ngwa ngwa ma dị ike.

Nke mbụ esịtidem combustion engines nwere ala ike, na arụmọrụ emeghị ọbụna iru pasent iri, ma ike ọgwụgwụ na-emepụta ihe - Lenoir, Otto, Daimler, Maybach, Diesel, Benz na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ - wetara ihe ọhụrụ, ekele nke aha nke ọtụtụ ndị. anwụghị anwụ n'aha ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala a ma ama.

Igwe ọkụ ọkụ dị n'ime abịawo ogologo ụzọ mmepe site na anwụrụ ọkụ na-emebikarị engines oge ochie na igwe biturbo nke ultra-modern, mana ụkpụrụ nke ọrụ ha ka bụ otu - okpomọkụ nke combustion nke mmanụ ọkụ na-aghọ ike n'ibu.

A na-eji aha "internal combustion engine" mee ihe n'ihi na mmanụ ọkụ na-ere ọkụ n'etiti engine, ma ọ bụghị n'èzí, dị ka n'èzí combustion engines - uzuoku turbines na uzuoku engines.

N'ihi nke a, engines combustion n'ime nwetara ọtụtụ àgwà dị mma:

ha aghọwo ihe dị mfe karị ma na-echekwa ego;
ọ bịara nwee ike ikpochapụ nkeji ndị ọzọ maka ịnyefe ike nke ọkụ ọkụ ma ọ bụ uzuoku na akụkụ ọrụ nke engine;
mmanụ ụgbọala maka esịtidem combustion engines nwere kpọmkwem paramita na-enye gị ohere inwe ọtụtụ ihe ike na ike ga-converted n'ime uru ọrụ.

Ngwa ICE

N'agbanyeghị ihe mmanụ ụgbọala na-agba ọsọ na engine - mmanụ ụgbọala, diesel, propane-butane ma ọ bụ eco-fuel dabeere na akwukwo nri mmanụ - isi ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụ piston, nke dị n'ime cylinder. Piston ahụ dị ka iko ọla atụgharị atụgharị (ntụnyere na iko whiskey dabara adaba - nke nwere nnukwu ala dị larịị na mgbidi kwụ ọtọ), cylinder ahụ dịkwa ka obere ọkpọkọ n'ime piston na-aga.

N'elu elu elu nke piston e nwere ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ - ezumike gburugburu, ọ bụ n'ime ya ka ngwakọta ikuku-mmanụ na-abanye ma na-agbawa ebe a, na-eme ka piston na-emegharị. A na-ebufe mmegharị a na crankshaft site na iji mkpanaka njikọ. A na-ejikọta akụkụ elu nke eriri njikọ na piston site n'enyemaka nke piston pin, nke a na-etinye n'ime oghere abụọ n'akụkụ nke piston, na akụkụ nke ala na-ejikọta ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ njikọ nke crankshaft.

Igwe ọkụ nke mbụ n'ime ụlọ nwere naanị otu piston, mana nke a zuru oke iji mepụta ike nke ọtụtụ iri puku kwuru iri.

N'oge a, a na-ejikwa engines nwere otu piston, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịmalite engines maka traktọ, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka mmalite. Otú ọ dị, 2, 3, 4, 6 na 8-cylinder engines na-emekarị, ọ bụ ezie na a na-emepụta engines nwere cylinder 16 ma ọ bụ karịa.

Ngwa igwe ọkụ nke ime - vidiyo, eserese, eserese

Pistons na cylinders dị na ngọngọ cylinder. Site na otu cylinders dị n'etiti ibe ya na ihe ndị ọzọ nke injin ahụ, a na-amata ụdị dị iche iche nke injin combustion n'ime:

in-line - cylinders na-edozi n'otu ahịrị;
Ụdị V - cylinders dị n'akụkụ ibe ha, na ngalaba ha yiri mkpụrụedemede "V";
U-shaped - engines abụọ jikọtara ọnụ;
Ụdị X - engines combustion n'ime ya na ejima V-blockers;
ọkpọ ọkpọ - akụkụ dị n'etiti ngọngọ cylinder bụ ogo 180;
W-ụdị 12-cylinder - ahịrị atọ ma ọ bụ anọ nke cylinders arụnyere n'ụdị mkpụrụedemede "W";
radial engines - eji na ụgbọ elu, pistons dị na radial ibé gburugburu crankshaft.

Otu ihe dị mkpa nke engine bụ crankshaft, nke a na-ebufe mmegharị nke piston, crankshaft na-atụgharị ya na ntụgharị.

Ngwa igwe ọkụ nke ime - vidiyo, eserese, eserese

Mgbe a na-egosipụta ọsọ engine na tachometer, nke a bụ kpọmkwem ọnụ ọgụgụ nke crankshaft rotations kwa nkeji, ya bụ, ọ na-agbagharị na ọsọ nke 2000 rpm ọbụna na nke kacha nta. N'aka nke ọzọ, a na-ejikọta crankshaft na flywheel, site na nke a na-enye ntụgharị site na njigide na igbe gearbox, n'aka nke ọzọ, a na-ejikọta crankshaft pulley na generator na gas nkesa usoro site na eriri eriri. N'ime ụgbọ ala ọgbara ọhụrụ, a na-ejikọkwa crankshaft pulley na ntụ oyi na igwe nrụnye ọkụ.

A na-ebunye mmanụ ụgbọala na injin site na carburetor ma ọ bụ injector. Igwe ọkụ n'ime Carburetor aghọọlarị mgbe ochie n'ihi ezughị okè imewe. N'ime igwe ọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ dị otú ahụ, mmanụ ụgbọala na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu site na carburetor, mgbe ahụ, a na-agwakọta mmanụ ọkụ n'ime ọtụtụ ihe oriri ma tinye ya n'ime ụlọ ọkụ nke pistons, ebe ọ na-agbawa n'okpuru ọrụ nke ọkụ ọkụ.

N'ime igwe injection ozugbo, a na-agwakọta mmanụ ọkụ na ikuku dị na ngọngọ cylinder, ebe a na-enye ọkụ site na plọg ọkụ.

Usoro nkesa gas na-ahụ maka nhazi nhazi nke usoro valve. Ihe ndị na-eri ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-asọba n'oge nke ngwakọta ikuku-mmanụ, na valvụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ahụ maka iwepụ ngwaahịa combustion. Dị ka anyị dere na mbụ, a na-eji usoro dị otú ahụ eme ihe na engines anọ, ebe n'ime engines abụọ-stroke, ọ dịghị mkpa maka valves.

Vidio a na-egosi ka injin mgba ọkụ dị n'ime si arụ ọrụ, ọrụ ndị ọ na-arụ na otu o si eme ya.