Hungarian ZSU 40M “Nimrod” (Hungarian 40M Nimród) N'adịghị na-atụ anya mbata nke tankị Landsverk L-60B zụrụ, njikwa nke ụlọ ọrụ MAVAG, bụ nke natara ikike imepụta tank ahụ, nyere iwu na March 1937 site na Landsverk AV ihe atụ nke otu mgbochi tankị na-ebugharị onwe ya (tank). onye nbibi). Ekwesịrị iji ntọala nke otu L60B mee ihe. Ihe agha nke egbe na-eji onwe ya kwesịrị ịbụ egbe 40-mm. Ndị Swedes mezuru iwu ahụ: na December 1938, egbe ndị na-eji onwe ha na-enweghị ngwá agha rutere Hungary. Na Machị 30, ndị nnọchianya nke General Staff maara ya. Na MAVAG, a kwadebere ya na égbè mgbochi ụgbọ elu Bofors 40-mm, nke a na-emepụta ikike nke e mere n'okpuru aha aha 36.M. Nlele ndị agha nke egbe ejiri aka ya mere n'August-September 1939. Kọmiti ahọpụtara tụrụ aro ka iwelie ụda nke ụlọ agha ahụ iji nweta onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri nke ise, wụnye ihe nkiri telescopic maka ịgba egbe na tankị na ọtụtụ mgbanwe ndị ọzọ. Na Machị 10, 1940, IWT kwadoro ACS, nke a na-akpọ 40.M. “Nimrod” bụ aha nna ochie nke ma ndị Magyar na Hun - nnukwu dinta. N’ọnwa Disemba, e tinyere Nimrọd n’ọrụ ma nyekwa ụlọ ọrụ ndị ahụ iwu maka ụgbọ ala iri anọ na isii. Nimrod na akụkọ ifo Nimrod (Nimrod, Nimrod) - na Pentateuch, Aggadic omenala na akụkọ ifo nke Middle East, dike, dike-dinta na eze. Dị ka usoro ọmụmụ e nyere n’akwụkwọ Jenesis si dị, ọ bụ nwa Kush na nwa nwa Ham. Akpọrọ ya ka ọ bụrụ “oke dinta n’ihu Jehova”; e debere alaeze ya na Mesopotemia. Na akụkọ ifo dị iche iche, a na-emesi ihe oyiyi Nimrọd onye ọchịchị aka ike na theomachist ike; a na-ekwu na ọ bụ ya mere e ji wuo Ụlọ Elu Bebel, oké obi ọjọọ, ikpere arụsị, mkpagbu Abraham, iso Chineke na-ama. Dị ka Bible si kwuo, e kewara Nimrọd na Abraham n'ọgbọ asaa. Ọzọkwa, ozi gbasara Eze Nimrọd dị na Koran. Nemrut, na akụkọ ifo ndị Armenia, eze mba ọzọ wakporo Armenia. E nwere akụkọ ifo na iji bulie onwe ya elu, Nemrud wuru nnukwu obí nke dị elu n'elu ugwu ahụ. Nimrod na akụkọ ifo Mgbochi ụgbọ elu onwe-propelled egbe "Nimrod" Pịa onyonyo maka nlele ka ukwuu Ma Swedes onwe ha kpebiri iwu ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a onwe-propelled egbe (ụlọ ọrụ designation L62, yana "Landsverk Anti"; agha - LVKV 40). The engine na nnyefe nke L62 bụ otu ihe ahụ nke Toldi tank, ngwá agha bụ 40-mm Bofors egbe ala na a gbọmgbọm ogologo nke 60 calibers. Ibu agha - 8 tọn, engine - 150 hp, ọsọ - 35 km / h. E rere L62 isii na Finland na 1940, bụ ebe ha nwetara aha ITPSV 40. N'afọ 1945, ndị Swedes mepụtara ZSU 17 nwere ụzọ abụọ nke 40-mm LVKV fm / 43 cannon maka mkpa ha. Nimrod mmepụta nke mbụ hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na November 1941, na na February 1942, ụgbọ ala asaa gara n'ihu. E dechara usoro ahụ dum na njedebe nke 1942. N'ime usoro ọzọ maka ụgbọ ala 89, e mepụtara 1943 na 77, na 12 fọdụrụnụ na-esote. N'ihi na "Nimrod" isi nke tank "Toldi" e ji mee ihe, ma gbatịpụrụ site na otu (nke isii) rola. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-ebuli wheel nduzi azụ site n'ala. Rollers nkwusioru n'otu n'otu, mmanya torsion. Akpụkpọ anụ ahụ, nke welded site na efere ngwa agha 6-13 mm gbara ọkpụrụkpụ, nwere akụkụ ọgụ na injin (n'azụ). Ngụkọta arọ nke ihe agha bụ 2615 kg. Na igwe nke usoro nke mbụ E tinyere ígwè ọrụ German, na nke abụọ - enweela ikikere engines emere na Hungary. Ndị a bụ ígwè ọrụ carburetor nwere mmiri oyi nke nwere cylinder asatọ. Nfefe ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ dị na "Toldi", i.e. igbe mbara ụwa nke nwere ọsọ ọsọ ise, esemokwu akọrọ nke ọtụtụ efere isi njigide, njigide akụkụ. Mechanical breeki - ntuziaka na ụkwụ. A na-echekwa mmanụ ụgbọala na tankị atọ. The okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke egbe onwe-propelled "Nimrod" Iji gbasaa - pịa onyonyo a 1 - 40-mm egbe akpaka 36M; 2 - igwe egbe; 3 - clip 40-mm gbaa; 4 - redio; 5 - ụlọ elu; 6 - radiator; 7 - engine; 8 - ọkpọkọ iyuzucha; 9 - ndị na-ekpo ọkụ; 10- ogwe osisi cardan; 11 - oche ọkwọ ụgbọ ala; 12 - igbe igbe; 13 - ọkụ ọkụ; 14 - ịnya ụgbọ Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ahụ dị n'ihu oghere dị n'aka ekpe ma nwee oghere na okpu akụkụ ise nke nwere prisms na-ele anya na n'akụkụ. Ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri ise fọdụrụnụ - ọchịagha, onye na-ahụ maka ihe nrụnye, ndị na-agba egbe abụọ na onye na-ebu ibu, dị n'ime ụlọ wheel nwere oghere nlele atọ nwere oghere iko. The 40-mm mgbochi ụgbọ elu egbe "Bofors", mepụtara n'okpuru ikike n'okpuru ika aha 36.M site MAVAG osisi na Gyosgyor, nwere elu n'akuku nke 85 Celsius, declination - 4 Celsius, kehoraizin - 360 Celsius. Mgboagha ahụ, bụ́ nke etinyere kpam kpam n'ime ụlọ wheel, gụnyere ihe mgbawa na-agbawa ngwa ngwa, yana ọkụ, shells. Clips - 4 agba nke ọ bụla. Naanị ụgbọ ala ndị isi batrị nwere redio, ọ bụ ezie na ụgbọ ala niile nwere ebe maka ya. Mgbe a na-agbapụ, ZSU abụọ dị n'ebe dị anya nke 60 m, na n'etiti ha bụ akara njikwa na nsonye (nke nwere isi nke 1,25 m) na ngwaọrụ kọmputa. Ihe atụ nke ụgbọ agha ndị agha "Lehel" Na ndabere nke "Nimrod" na 1943, e kere a prototype nke ụgbọ agha ndị agha n'okpuru ika aha "Lehel" n'otu oyiri ibufe 10 ndị agha (na mgbakwunye na ọkwọ ụgbọala). N'otu afọ ahụ, e wuru sappers igwe anaghị agba nchara abụọ. E mekwara atụmatụ ịtụgharị Nimrọd iri ka ọ bụrụ ndị na-ebufe ndị merụrụ ahụ. Njirimara arụmọrụ nke ụgbọ ala ndị Hungarian TTX nke ụfọdụ tankị na egbe ndị na-ebugharị onwe ya na Hungary Toldi-1   "Toldi" I Afọ rụpụtara 1940 Ibu ibu, t 8,5 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 3 Ogologo ahụ, mm 4750 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm   Nnukwu, mm 2140 Elu, mm 1870 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 13 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 13 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 13 + 20 Ulo elu na ala nke hull 6 Armament   Akara égbè 36.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 20/82 Mgboagha, égbè   Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe 1-8,0 egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika carb. "Nag ụgbọ ala" L8V/36TR Ike injin, h.p. 155 Ọsọ kacha km / h 50 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 253 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 220 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   "Toldi" II Afọ rụpụtara 1941 Ibu ibu, t 9,3 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 3 Ogologo ahụ, mm 4750 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm   Nnukwu, mm 2140 Elu, mm 1870 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 23-33 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 13 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 13 + 20 Ulo elu na ala nke hull 6-10 Armament   Akara égbè 42.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 40/45 Mgboagha, égbè 54 Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe 1-8,0 egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika carb. "Nag ụgbọ ala" L8V/36TR Ike injin, h.p. 155 Ọsọ kacha km / h 47 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 253 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 220 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" I Afọ rụpụtara 1942 Ibu ibu, t 18,2 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 5 Ogologo ahụ, mm 5500 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm   Nnukwu, mm 2440 Elu, mm 2390 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 50 (60) bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 25 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 50 (60) Ulo elu na ala nke hull 8-25 Armament   Akara égbè 41.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 40/51 Mgboagha, égbè 101 Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe 2-8,0 egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika Z-TURAN kaadị. Z-TURAN Ike injin, h.p. 260 Ọsọ kacha km / h 47 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 265 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 165 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Turan" II Afọ rụpụtara 1943 Ibu ibu, t 19,2 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 5 Ogologo ahụ, mm 5500 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm   Nnukwu, mm 2440 Elu, mm 2430 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 50 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 25 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu)   Ulo elu na ala nke hull 8-25 Armament   Akara égbè 41.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 75/25 Mgboagha, égbè 56 Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe 2-8,0 egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij 1800 Engine, ụdị, ika Z-TURAN kaadị. Z-TURAN Ike injin, h.p. 260 Ọsọ kacha km / h 43 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 265 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 150 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Afọ rụpụtara 1943 Ibu ibu, t 21,5 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 4 Ogologo ahụ, mm 5500 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm 5900 Nnukwu, mm 2890 Elu, mm 1900 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 75 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 25 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 13 Ulo elu na ala nke hull   Armament   Akara égbè 40 / 43.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 105/20,5 Mgboagha, égbè 52 Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe - egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika carb. Z- TURAN Ike injin, h.p. 260 Ọsọ kacha km / h 40 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 445 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 220 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,75 Nimrod   "Nimrod" Afọ rụpụtara 1940 Ibu ibu, t 10,5 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 6 Ogologo ahụ, mm 5320 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm   Nnukwu, mm 2300 Elu, mm 2300 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 13 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 10 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 13 Ulo elu na ala nke hull 6-7 Armament   Akara égbè 36.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 40/60 Mgboagha, égbè 148 Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe - egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika carb. L8V/36 Ike injin, h.p. 155 Ọsọ kacha km / h 60 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l 253 Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 250 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2   Nkume   "Nkume" Afọ rụpụtara   Ibu ibu, t 38 Ndị ọrụ, ndị mmadụ 5 Ogologo ahụ, mm 6900 Ogologo ya na egbe na-aga n'ihu, mm 9200 Nnukwu, mm 3500 Elu, mm 3000 Ndokwa, mm   Isi ọkpọiso 100-120 bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 50 Ụlọ elu elu (ụlọ elu) 30 Ulo elu na ala nke hull   Armament   Akara égbè 43.M Caliber na mm / gbọmgbọm ogologo na calibers 75/70 Mgboagha, égbè   Ọnụọgụ na caliber (na mm) nke egbe igwe 2-8 egbe mgbochi ụgbọ elu - Mgboagha maka egbe igwe, katrij   Engine, ụdị, ika carb. Z- TURAN Ike injin, h.p. 2 × 260 Ọsọ kacha km / h 45 Ikike mmanụ ụgbọala, l   Oke n'okporo ụzọ awara awara, km 200 Nkezi nrụgide ala, kg / cm2 0,78 Njirimara arụmọrụ nke ụgbọ ala ndị Hungarian Agha ojiji nke ZSU "Nimrod" "Nimrod" malitere ịbanye ndị agha site na February 1942. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-ewere egbe ndị a na-ebugharị onwe ha dị ka ihe mgbochi tankị, ha hiwere ntọala nke 51st tank battalion nke 1st Panzer Division, nke bụ akụkụ nke 2nd Hungarian Army, nke malitere agha na Soviet n'ihu n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1942. N'ime Nimrod 19 (ụlọ ọrụ 3 nke egbe 6 nke ọ bụla gbakwunyere ụgbọ nke ọchịagha), mgbe e meriri ndị agha Hungary na Jenụwarị 1943, naanị ụgbọ ala 3 laghachiri n'ala nna ha. Na ọrụ nke mgbochi tank ngwá agha, "Nimrods" tara ahụhụ zuru ezu "fiasco": ha enweghị ike ịlụ ọgụ ndị Soviet tankị nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ T-34 na KB. N'ikpeazụ, "Nimrods" chọtara ezi ojiji ha - dị ka ihe nchebe ikuku wee bụrụ akụkụ nke 1st (weghachiri eweghachi na 1943) na 2nd TD na 1st KD (dị ka okwu okwu taa si dị - ndị agha ịnyịnya agha). 1st TD nwetara 7, na nke abụọ natara 2 ZSU na April 1944, mgbe agha na Red Army na Galicia pụtara. N'ime ụgbọ ala 37 ikpeazụ a bụ akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ nke batalion 17nd tank, yana ụlọ ọrụ 52 nke ụgbọ ala 5 nke ọ bụla mejupụtara ihe nchebe ikuku nke ngalaba ahụ. N'oge okpomọkụ, a gbakwunyere ụlọ ọrụ nke isii. Ihe mejupụtara nke ụlọ ọrụ: 4 mmadụ, 40 ZSU, 4 ugbo ala. Mgbe agha emeghị nke ọma, e wepụrụ TD nke abụọ n'ihu, na-ejigide Nimrod 6. Na June 1944, e gburu Nimrod 4 nke 1st KD n'agha. Na Septemba, agha ahụ adịlarị n'ókèala Hungary. Nkewa atọ ahụ wee nwee Nimrod 80 (39 ọ bụla na TD na 4 na CD). N'òtù ha, "Nimrọd" lụrụ ọgụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ njedebe nke agha ahụ. Na Disemba 3, 1944, otu tankị nke Lieutenant Colonel Horvat, nke nwere Nimrod 4, na-arụ ọrụ na ndịda Budapest na mpaghara Perbal-Vali. Na Disemba 7, TD nke abụọ nwere ZSU 2 ọzọ, na Machị 26-18, 19, Nimrods 1945 nke Lieutenant Colonel Maslau rụrụ n'agha na mpaghara Lake Balaton n'oge ọgụ nke IV German Panzer. Ndị agha. Na Maachị 10, na mpaghara Bakonyoslor, ndị agha Nemeth tụfuru egbe ha niile na-eji onwe ha. A maara ọtụtụ ndị Nimrọd ịlụ ọgụ na Budapest a nọchibidoro. "Nimrods" ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị kasị aga nke ọma na irè ZSU nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. N'ịbụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'èzí nke egbe egbe ndị iro na-egbochi tankị, ha na-enye nchebe ikuku maka tankị na ụgbọ ala na-aga njem na agha. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-echekwa ụdị ZSU abụọ a: otu n'ime ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke agha na Budapest, nke ọzọ na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nke ụgbọ ala ndị agha na Kubinka. Isi mmalite: M.B. Baryatinsky. Ndị tankị nke Honvedsheg. (Nchịkọta Armored No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Ụgbọ ala ndị agha Hungary (1940-1945); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of World tankị 1915-2000"; Peter Mujzer: Ndị agha Royal Hungarian, 1920-1945.