Hungarian ọkụ tank 38.M “Toldi” I
Hungarian ọkụ tank 38.M “Toldi” I
Na 1934, na osisi nke Swedish ụlọ ọrụ Landsverk AV, na Landskron, e kere L60 ìhè tank (ọzọ aha Strv m / ZZ) na-emepụta na-emepụta. Mmepe nke igwe a rụrụ site German mmebe Otto Merker, onye na-arụ ọrụ na Sweden mgbe ahụ - n'ihi na, dị ka e kwuru n'elu, Germany amachibidoro site na usoro nke Versailles Treaty nke 1919 inwe na ọbụna chepụta ụdị nke armored ụgbọ ala. Tupu nke ahụ, n'okpuru nduzi nke otu Merker, ndị na-emepụta Landsverk AV kere ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke tankị ọkụ, nke, Otú ọ dị, abanyeghị na mmepụta. Ihe ịga nke ọma n'ime ha bụ tank L100 (1934), nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe: engine, gearbox, wdg. Ụgbọ ala ahụ nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọhụrụ:
Swedish ọkụ tank L-60 Ọ bụ tankị nlegharị anya nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, ndị Swedes kpebiri, na-eji usoro nhazi nke egosipụtara, ịmepụta tankị "ụwa" dị arọ karị. ya mere L100 abanyeghị n'usoro. Emepụtara ya n'otu mbipụta na mgbanwe atọ dịtụ iche na 1934-35. Ebugara Norway ọtụtụ igwe nke mgbanwe ọhụrụ a. Ha nwere oke nke tọn 4,5, ndị ọrụ nke mmadụ 2, ji egbe egbe akpaaka 20 mm ma ọ bụ egbe igwe abụọ, nweekwa ngwa agha 9 mm n'akụkụ niile. Nke a L100 jere ozi dị ka prototype nke a kpọtụrụ aha L60, mmepụta nke na ise mgbanwe (gụnyere Strv m / 38, m / 39, m / 40), gara n'ihu ruo 1942. Nhazi nke tank "Toldi" I:
Pịa na foto a iji gbasaa Na mbido, oke L60 bụ tọn 7,6, ngwa agha ahụ nwere egbe 20 mm na-akpaghị aka na egbe igwe na turret. Mgbanwe kacha aga nke ọma (ma buru ibu na ọnụọgụ) bụ m/40 (L60D). Ndị tankị ndị a nwere oke nke tọn 11, ndị ọrụ nke mmadụ 3, ngwa agha - egbe 37-mm na egbe igwe abụọ. 145 hp engine ekwe ka iru ọsọ ruo 45 km / h (ike nchekwa 200 km). L60 bụ ihe dị ịtụnanya n'ezie. Ihe nkwusioru ya nwere nkwusioru mmanya torsion n'otu n'otu (na nke mbụ n'ime ụlọ tankị serial). A na-eji mkpọda wụnye ihe agha ihu na turret ruo 24 mm na mgbanwe kachasị ọhụrụ. Ebe a na-alụ ọgụ nwere ikuku nke ọma. Na mkpokọta, e mepụtara ole na ole n'ime ha na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị maka ndị agha ha (216 nkeji). E rere ụgbọ ala abụọ dị ka ihe atụ na Ireland (Eire - nke ahụ bụ aha Ireland na 1937-1949), otu - nye Austria. Ụgbọ mmiri L60 nọ na-eje ozi na ndị agha Sweden ruo n'etiti afọ 50; n'afọ 1943, ha nwetara mgbanwe n'ihe gbasara ngwa agha.
Na March 1938, Landsverk AV ụlọ ọrụ nyere iwu otu oyiri nke tank L60B (aka m / 38 ma ọ bụ tank nke atọ usoro). Ọ bịarutere na Hungary n'oge na-adịghị anya wee mee nnwale atụnyere (June 23-28) yana tankị ọkụ WWII TI German. The Swedish tank gosipụtara budata mma ọgụ na teknuzu àgwà. E weere ya dị ka ihe nlereanya maka tank nke Hungarian mere, nke a na-akpọ 38. M "Toldi" iji sọpụrụ dike a ma ama Toldi Miklos, nwoke toro ogologo na nnukwu ike anụ ahụ. Kọmishọna na-eduzi ule ndị ahụ kwadoro ọtụtụ mgbanwe na nhazi nke tank. Institute of Military Technology (IWT) zigara ọkachamara ya S. Bartholomeides na Ladskrona iji chọpụta ohere nke ime mgbanwe ndị a. Ndị Swedes gosipụtara na enwere ike ime mgbanwe, ewezuga mgbanwe na ngwaọrụ steering nke tank na breeki (nkwụsị) nke turret.
Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a malitere mkparịta ụka na Hungary banyere usoro ngwá agha Toldi. Ihe nlere nke Swedish bu egbe Madsen akpaka 20mm. Ndị na-emepụta Hungary tụrụ aro ka ịwụnye égbè akpaka 25-mm "Bofors" ma ọ bụ "Gebauer" (nke ikpeazụ - mmepe Hungarian) ma ọ bụ ọbụna egbe 37-mm na 40-mm. Abụọ ikpeazụ chọrọ mgbanwe dị ukwuu na ụlọ elu ahụ. Ha jụrụ ịzụta akwụkwọ ikike maka imepụta egbe Madsen n'ihi nnukwu ọnụ ahịa ya. Mmepụta nke egbe 20-mm nwere ike weghara ụlọ ọrụ Danuvia (Budapest), mana ọ na-ewe ogologo oge nnyefe. Ma n'ikpeazụ a nabatara ya mkpebi iji mee ka tank ahụ jiri egbe 20 mm na-ebu onwe ya Ụlọ ọrụ Switzerland "Solothurn", nke emepụtara na Hungary n'okpuru ikikere n'okpuru akara aha 36.M. Na-eri egbe site na magazin gburugburu ise. Ọnụego ọkụ bara uru bụ 15-20 okirikiri kwa nkeji. Ejiri ngwa igwe 8-mm nke akara 34./37.M nwere eriri eriri gbakwunyere ngwa agha ahụ. Enyere ya ikike egbe igwe Czech. Tactical na teknuzu e ji mara nke Hungarian tankị nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Toldi-1
Toldi-2
Turan-1
Turan-2
Zrinyi-2
Akpụkpọ anụ na chassis nke tank ahụ bụ otu ihe nke ụdị Swedish. Naanị wheel mbanye ka gbanwere ntakịrị. Otú ọ dị, e si na Jamanị wetara injin maka Toldi, yana ngwa anya. Ụlọ elu ahụ nwere obere mgbanwe, karịsịa, ọkpụkpụ n'akụkụ na oghere nlele, yana egbe na igwe egbe.
Ọchịagha ahụ nọ n'ụlọ elu dị n'aka nri, ebe a kwadebere ya iko iko ọchịagha nke nwere oghere na oghere nlele asaa nwere triplexes maka ya. Onye na-agba ụta nọ ọdụ n'aka ekpe ma nwee ngwaọrụ nlele periscope. Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ahụ dị n'aka ekpe n'ụta ụgbọ mmiri ahụ, ebe ọrụ ya nwere ụdị okpu nwere oghere nlele abụọ. Egwu ndị ahụ nwere obosara nke 285 mm. Mgbe ndị isi nke General Staff tụgharịrị gaa na ụlọ ọrụ Ganz na MAVAG, esemokwu bilitere n'ihi ọnụahịa nke tank ọ bụla. Ọbụna mgbe ha natara iwu na Disemba 28, 1938, ụlọ ọrụ ndị ahụ jụrụ ya n'ihi ọnụ ala dị ala. A gbakọtara nzukọ nke ndị agha na ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ. N'ikpeazụ, ndị otu ahụ bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta, na e nyere iwu ikpeazụ maka tankị 80, nke kewara n'etiti osisi ndị ahụ, na February 1939. Ụlọ ọrụ Ganz na-emepụta ngwa ngwa ụdị nchara dị nro dịka eserese ndị e nwetara n'aka IWT. Ụgbọ mmiri abụọ mbụ ahụ hapụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Eprel 13, 1940, na nke ikpeazụ nke tankị 80 na March 14, 1941.
Hungarian 38M Toldi tankị na tankị CV-3/35 Isi mmalite:
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Dị ka ndokwa nke Nkwekọrịta Udo nke Trianon nke 1919 si dị, Hungary, dị ka Germany, machibidoro iwu inwe ụgbọ ala agha. Ma n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 1920, e si Germany buru ụgbọ mmiri LKII 12 - Leichte Kampfwagen LK-II na nzuzo na Hungary. Kọmishọna njikwa ahụghị ha.. Na 1928, ndị Hungarian zụrụ n'ihu ọha abụọ English tankettes "Carden-Loyd" Mk VI, mgbe afọ 3 - ise Italian tank tank "Fiat-3000B" (Hungarian designation 35.M), na mgbe ọzọ 3 afọ - 121 Italian tankettes CV3. / 35 (37. M), dochie egbe igwe Ịtali na 8-mm Hungarian. Site na 1938 ruo 1940, onye mmebe N. Straussler rụrụ ọrụ na ụgbọ mmiri V4 amphibious wheeled tank nke nwere ibu ọgụ nke tọn 11, ma olileanya e debere na tank ahụ emezughị.
