Ndị agha RSI na-alụ ọgụ na Anzio bridgehead
Na-akwado ngwa agha 81mm Ịtali n'oge ọkụ.
Na Jenụwarị 22, 1944, na Ịtali, nke dị nso n'obodo Anzio, ndị agha America nke XNUMX (mgbe e mesịrị kwadoro ndị agha Britain) n'okpuru iwu nke General John Lucas rutere n'azụ nke ndị Germany. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ha bụ ịgafe ebe e wusiri ike nke Gustav Line, bipụ ndị na-agbachitere ya n'aka ndị agha German ndị ọzọ dị na Ịtali ma mepee ụzọ Rom ngwa ngwa o kwere mee. N'ihu ha guzoro ihe dị iche iche nke German XNUMXth Parachute Corps nke General Alfred Schlermm na LXXVI Panzer Corps nke General Trugott Herr. Ndị German na-alụ ọgụ megide ndị enyi na-akwado ndị otu ha Italiantali sitere na ndị agha nke Italian Social Republic.
Ịtali nyefere ndị agha Anglo-American na Septemba 8, 1943 wetara nzaghachi ozugbo sitere na Germany, bụ nke mebiri Nkwekọrịta nke Steel nke jikọtara ha na Ịtali wee wakpo ndị agha Ịtali nọ na ndịda France, Balkans, Greece, na Ịtali n'onwe ya. E meriri ndị agha Ịtali ngwa ngwa na ọtụtụ mba ahụ dabara n'okpuru ọrụ German. Eze, ndị ọchịchị na ọtụtụ n'ime ụgbọ mmiri ndị eze gbagara n'ókèala ndị Allies na-achị. Na September 23, 1943, n'ókèala ndị Germany na-achịkwa, Benito Mussolini, tọhapụrụ n'ihi omume obi ike nke German paratroopers, kpọsara ọhụrụ ala - Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana, RSI).
Na mgbakwunye na ndị agha ala - Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano (ENR) - Ọchịchị Mussolini, na-adabere na ndị mmekọ Germany, weghaara otu Waffen-SS ịlụ ọgụ n'akụkụ nke atọ Reich, nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 20 gafere. ndị isi, ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị ọrụ na ndị agha (na "ụdị kachasị elu" na December 1944, ọ gụrụ 15 1944 mmadụ). N'oge e kere eke, unit a na-akpọ Italienische Freiwilligen Verland (SS Italiana Legion), na March 1 ọ na reorganized n'ime 1. Italienische Freiwilligen Sturmbrigade (1a Brigata d'Assalto), na June n'ime 9st Sturmbrigade Italienische Freiwilligen Legion, na September ọ bụ ugbua 1th SS Grenadier Brigade (Italian No. 1945), na na March 29, a nkewa e kere a na-akpọ 1th SS Grenadier Division (Italian No. 28). Ndị isi ya bụ: site na October 1943, 28 - SS-Brigadeführer Peter Hansen (n'oge October 6 ruo December 1943, 10, SS Standartenführer Gustav Lombard nyere iwu), site na May 1944, 20 - SS Oberführer Otto Jungkunz1944 10 g. - SS Standartenführer Konstantin Heldmann. Onye nyocha nke ngalaba Waffen-SS Italy bụ Waffen-Brigadeführer Pietro Manelli. Otu a anaghị arụ ọrụ dị ka nhazi kọmpat. Ndị agha Italy SS, nke e hiwere site na Volunteer Legion of Armed Militia (Milizia Armata), nwere usoro agha atọ na ndị agha ndị agha nọọrọ onwe ha guzoro n'ebe dị iche iche na ugwu Italy.
N'October 10, 1943, emepụtara RSI (Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana, ANR). The Parachute Regiment "Folgore" (Reggimento Paracadutisti "Folgore") nọkwa n'okpuru iwu nke Agricultural Property Agency. Ụbọchị abụọ ka nke ahụ gasịrị, n'ịzaghachi oku nke kpara Colonel Ernesto Botto, nhazi nke ngalaba ụgbọ elu malitere. Botto bụ onye na-anya ụgbọ elu ndị agha ruo n'isi; ọ kwụsịghị ife efe ọbụna mgbe ebipụrụ ya ụkwụ. Ọ bụ ya mere e ji nweta aha "Iron Leg". Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ maara Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen (Ọchịagha nke German Air Fleet 2) nke ọma, onye ọrụ na obi ike masịrị ya. N'oge na-adịghị anya, mmadụ 7 gbakọtara n'ọdụ ụgbọ elu dị iche iche ịga adreesị onye agha. ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu na ndị ọrụ ụgbọ elu. Na mgbakwunye na Adriano Visconti, ndị na-anya ụgbọ elu dị ka Hugo Drago, Mario Bellagambi na Tito Falconi zara oku Botto, yana ndị na-atụ bọmbụ ndị a ma ama dị ka Marino Marini (nke a napụtara mgbe ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri German U- gbagburu ya n'elu Mediterranean. 331 na February 1942), Carlo Faggioni, Irnerio Bertuzzi na Ottone Sponza.
Na ntinye nke Cap. Carlo Faggioni, otu torpedo bomber squadron ka e hiwere na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Florence, na mbụ nwere ụgbọ elu 3 Savoia-Marchetti SM.79. N'oge na-adịghị anya, e bugara ya na Venice ma jiri ígwè ọrụ iri na abụọ nke otu ụdị rụọ ya. Na January 12, 1, atọ squadrons nke Gruppo Autonomo Aeroiluranti "Buscaglia" ruru ọgụ njikere. Akpọrọ ngalaba ahụ aha onye ọchịagha nke 1944st Squadron wee bụrụ 281nd Bombardment Squadron, Major V. Carlo Emanuel Buscaglia. N'agha megide ụgbọ mmiri Allied na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Bougie dị na Algeria na November 132, 12, onye agha Spitfire gbagburu ya, kwupụta na ọ nwụrụ ma nye ya nrite ọla edo maka Valor. N'icheta ya, ndị ọrụ ibe ya kpọrọ ngalaba ọhụrụ aha ya1942.
Ndị agha mmiri RSI (Marina Nazionale Repubblicana, MNR) ka emebere na Septemba 30, 1943. Ndị Germany atụkwasịghị ndị enyi ha obi, ya mere, ọtụtụ n'ime ụgbọ mmiri Ịtali ha weghaara (ma ọ bụ daa, wee zụlite ma wughachi) na-arụ ọrụ na Kriegsmarine. ọkọlọtọ, na ndị isi German - ọ bụ ezie na na ụfọdụ nkeji, a ka nwere ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri Ịtali (dị ka akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri). N'ihi nke a, nkeji ole na ole ka etinyere na MPR. Ụgbọ mmiri kachasị ukwuu nke ụgbọ mmiri RSI bụ ụgbọ mmiri torpedo (6 nnukwu na 18 ọkara), na mgbakwunye, ha nwere ụgbọ mmiri okpuru mmiri (3 ọkara, 1 obere na 14 obere; nke 5 nke ikpeazụ na-arụ ọrụ na Oké Osimiri Ojii), ndị na-achụ nta ụgbọ mmiri (6). -7), opekata mpe 1 minesweeper na ọtụtụ iri na abuo (ọtụtụ iri?) ụgbọ mmiri nche enyemaka. Ndị nke ikpeazụ nọ n'okpuru ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri German nchekwa flotilla (Hafenschutzflottille) na Venice, Genoa na La Spezia. Ikekwe MPR nwekwara corvette maka obere oge. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, "ụgbọ mmiri ojii" (nke a na-akpọ RSI Flet) nwere ọnọdụ mgbochi ụgbọ elu na ụgbọ mmiri na-arụ ọrụ: Caio Mario na Genoa, Vesuvio na Etna na Trieste.
