Lvov-Sandomierz arụrụ arụrụ arụ.

Ụgbọ mmiri German PzKpfw VI Tygrys na PzKpfw V Pantera, gbagburu na mpaghara Drokhobychn; Western Ukraine, Ọgọst 1944

Omume ọma nke ndị agha Soviet na Belarus kere ọnọdụ dị mma maka iwe nke 1944th Ukrainian Front (1st UV) na ntụziaka Lvov-Sandomierz n'etiti July 1. Na May 25, njem ahụ weghaara iwu nke 1st FI n'aka Marshal Georgy Zhukov. Ivan Konev.

Na ntụgharị nke 440 km, na-aga n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Kovel, Tarnopol na Kolomyia, ndị agha "Northern Ukraine" n'okpuru iwu nke Field Marshal Walter Model nwere akụkụ dị ukwuu nke ndị agha ya. Ọ gụnyere ndị agha tankị German nke mbụ na nke anọ, yana ndị agha Hungarian nke mbụ, na mkpokọta 1 nke ndị agha, ngalaba tankị 4, ụgbọ ala 1 na ndị agha abụọ. Ọnụ ọ bụ ihe karịrị 34 5 agha na ndị isi, 1 egbe na ngwa agha, 2 tankị na mwakpo egbe. N'otu oge ahụ, akụkụ nke nku aka ekpe nke 600st Panzer Army nọ n'ihu ndị agha nke 6300th Belorussian Front. A na-ebugharị ụgbọ elu 900 iji kwado ọrụ nchebe nke 4th Air Fleet. Iwu German nwere olile anya na ya na ndị agha ndị a ọ ga-ejide akụkụ nke Ukraine n'aka ya, ma kpuchiekwa ntụziaka na-eduga na ndịda Poland na Czechoslovakia, bụ nke dị oke mkpa akụ na ụba na atụmatụ.

N'ịbụ ndị e meriri na aka nri-akụ Ukraine na-atụ anya ọhụrụ "Stalinist igbu", ndị German maa ike na mma ha agbachitere ọnọdụ, karịsịa na Lvov direction. E kere ụzọ nchebe atọ na ya, ma tupu mmalite nke mwakpo nke ndị agha Soviet, ọ bụ nanị abụọ ka a kwadebere, na-emepụta usoro nchebe. Ngalaba tankị ise, otu moto na ndị agha atọ na-eje ozi na ndị isi nke ndị agha na GA "Northern Ukraine".

Lvov ọrụ

The 1st Ukraine Front gụnyere: 1st, 3rd na 5th guards, 13th, 18th, 38th and 60th Army, 1st and 3rd guards and 4th i tank army, 2nd air army, 4th guard, 25th and 31st tank corps, 1st and 6rd 1st. ozu. Corps, yana Czechoslovak 74st Army Corps. Na mkpokọta, n'ihu gụnyere ngalaba 6 nke ndị agha ụmụaka, ngalaba ndị agha ịnyịnya 4, ngalaba ogbunigwe 1, ngalaba ngwa agha nke ndị nche (ndị na-ebu egbe ogbunigwe), igwe mechanized 3, ụgbọ mmiri tankị 7, ndị agha brigades 4 dị iche iche, ndị agha tankị 17 iche na onwe ha. egbe achụpụ. - ihe dị ka nde ndị agha na ndị isi 1,2, egbe 15 na ngwa agha, 500 ogbunigwe ogbunigwe, tankị 1056 na egbe 1667 nwere onwe, 529 ụgbọ elu ọgụ. Ọ bụ ndị otu n'ihu n'ihu kachasị ukwuu nke emebere ruo ugbu a.

Otu kọlụm nke ndị agha nke ndị agha Hungarian na-agafe ụgbọ ala nke ọchịagha GA "Northern Ukraine" Field Marshal Walter Model.

N'ihe metụtara ọrụ a na-atụ anya ya, Onye Ọchịchị Kasị Elu nwere nzukọ pụrụ iche na Kremlin na June 23, bụ nke Konev kọrọ banyere mkpebi ya ịmalite igbu mmadụ abụọ: na ntụziaka Lvov na Ravsko-Rusyn. Nke a mere ka o kwe omume ikewa ndị agha nke GA "Northern Ukraine", gbaa gburugburu ma bibie ndị iro na mpaghara Brody. Atụmatụ ahụ kpatara ndoputa site na Stalin, bụ onye weere na ọ bụ ihe na-abaghị uru ịchụsasị ndị agha na mpaghara ndị bụ isi. "Onyeisi" nyere iwu ka ọ gbuo otu ihe - na Lvov, na-etinye ike ya niile na pụtara n'ime ya.

Ịnyịnya ahụ gbawara, na-arụ ụka na iku n'otu ụzọ ga-eme ka ndị iro na-emegharị usoro atụmatụ na moto na-echekwa ma tinye uche n'ụgbọelu niile n'otu ebe. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mwakpo nke otu n'ime ndị na-eti mkpu na mpaghara kachasị ewu ewu ga-eduga na ọ bụghị ọganihu nke nchebe, ma na-enwe ọganihu siri ike nke usoro nchebe na-aga n'ihu na ọ gaghị emepụta ike ịrụ ọrụ dị ukwuu. N'ikpeazụ, ọchịagha ihu gbachitere echiche ya. Na June 24, Stalin kwadoro atụmatụ ọrụ ahụ nke ndị ihu na-atụ aro, ma na nkewa, o kwuru, sị: Buru n'uche, Konev, na ọrụ ahụ kwesịrị ịga nke ọma ma weta ihe a tụrụ anya ya.

Ọrụ nke n'ihu bụ: ịgbaji GA "Northern Ukraine", mezue ntọhapụ nke Ukraine ma nyefee agha na ókèala Poland. Emere ọrụ ahụ na nkwado ndị agha nke 1st Belorussian Front na-aga n'ihu na Lublin. Ekwesịrị ịkụnye ihe ọkụkụ abụọ dị ike na nku aka nri na n'etiti ma gbajie ihu n'ihu n'akụkụ abụọ, 60-70 km dị iche iche. Ekwesịrị ịme nke mbụ site na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke Lutsk na ntụziaka nke Sokal na Rava Russkaya, nke abụọ - site na mpaghara Tarnopol ruo Lvov, na-arụ ọrụ nke imeri ìgwè Lvov nke ndị Germany, na-eweghara Lvov na ebe nchekwa Przemysl.

The iku ike na Lutsk direction gụnyere: 3rd Guards Army nke Gordov Vasily Grigorievich, 13th Army nke Lieutenant General Nikolai Pavlovich Pukhov, 1st Guard Tank Army nke Colonel General Katukov ME, Cavalry Mechanized Group (nke mejupụtara 25 Tanks Corps. na 1st Guards Cavalry Corps) n'okpuru iwu nke Lieutenant General Viktor Baranov. Ndị agha ụgbọ elu anọ nke 2nd Air Army kwadoro mwakpo a.

"Akụkụ" nke ekwesịrị ịkụ na ntụziaka Lvov gụnyere: 60th Army of Colonel General Pavel A. Kurochkin, 38th Army of Colonel General Kirill Sergeevich Moskalenok, 3rd Guard Tank Army nke Colonel General Pavel Rybalka , 4th Army: Tank Army nke Lieutenant General Dmitry Lkhatenko, Ndị agha Mechanized Group nke Lieutenant General Sergei Sokolov nwere: 31st Tank Corps na 6th Guard Cavalry Corps. Ndị ọrụ ikuku ise nyere nkwado ikuku.

N'ọgbọ agha ahụ na-aga n'ihu na Lutsk, ekwesịrị itinye uche n'òtù égbè 12, ụgbọ mmiri tankị abụọ, otu mechanized na otu ndị agha ịnyịnya, ngalaba abụọ nke ọganihu - 14 egbe na ngwa agha, tankị 3250 na egbe ndị nwere onwe ha. egbe ejiri aka ya, ugbo elu 717. Na mpaghara 1300 kilomita nke Lvov, ngalaba 14 nke ndị agha, tank anọ, mechanized abụọ na otu ndị agha na-agba ịnyịnya, yana nkewa ogbunigwe abụọ - 15 egbe na ngwa agha, tankị 3775 na egbe onwe onye, ​​ụgbọ elu 1084.

N'ụbọchị nke ise nke ọrụ, 3rd Guards na 4th Tank Armies, na miri flank ọgụ n'ebe ndịda na n'ebe ugwu nke Lvov, rutere n'ahịrị Nemirov-Yavorov, na nnukwu anya n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke obodo.

N'akụkụ aka ekpe nke ihu, na ụkwụ nke Carpathians, ndị agha nke 1st Guard Army, Colonel General Andrei Grechka na 18th Army, Lieutenant General Yevgeny Petrovich Zhuravlev nọ. N'iji ihe ịga nke ọma nke ndị agbata obi ya mee ihe, ndị agha Gris, na-emepụta ìgwè ndị agha ise nke ise na 4th Guards Tank Corps, kwesịrị ịga na-akpasu iwe, weghara isi mmiri na mpaghara Galich, si otú a na-ekpuchi omume nke ndị agha na ntụziaka nke Lvov. Ndị agha Zhuravlev, na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe ndịda Dniester, nwere ọrụ nke ijide ókèala ndị ahụ na ịdị njikere maka mwakpo na ntụziaka Stanislavov.

Ebe nchekwa dị n'ihu gụnyere 5th Guards Army (nkewa itoolu) nke Colonel-General Aleksey Sergeevich Zhadov, bufere site na 2nd Ukrainian Front, yana 47th Rifle Corps site n'iwu nke Iwu Kasị Elu.

N'ịbụ ndị ha malitere iwe iwe, ndị otu a ga-emeri ndị agha ndị iro bụ isi, na akụkụ nke ndị agha ha ga-eme njem n'ụzọ na-agbakọta ma bibie usoro German na mpaghara Brody. Mgbe ahụ, ha ga-ewere obodo ahụ, na-ebuso agha agha wee si n'ebe ugwu na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ gafere Lvov. N'ụbọchị nke ise nke ọrụ, e mere atụmatụ iru ókè: Hrubieszow - Tomaszow - Nemirov - Yavoruw - Radlów. Na ọkwa nke abụọ nke ọrụ ahụ, a na-ebugharị iku ahụ na ntụziaka Sandomierz iji mee ka Vistula nwee ike ma mepụta nnukwu ebe ọrụ na nso Sandomierz. Na omume, a na-ejikọta nhazi nke gburugburu ahụ na ihe isi ike dị ịrịba ama, ebe ọ bụ na n'ihu n'ahịrị nke ntinye nke ìgwè ndị na-ama jijiji na-agbatị n'ahịrị kwụ ọtọ, na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na-ehulata.

Na Julaị 10, isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mechara kwado atụmatụ ọrụ. E nyekwara iwu ka e jiri ndị agha agha na otu ndị agha na-agba ịnyịnya na-agbaba na nchekwa ahụ, a na-egosipụtakwa obi abụọ banyere ohere nke ịgafe ala ahụ n'ụkwụ na ọsọ 35 km kwa ụbọchị, dị ka Konev kpebiri. A manyere onye isi n'ihu ikwenye ma mee mgbanwe na atụmatụ maka iji ndị agha agha: ugbu a, a ga-ebute ha n'agha n'ụbọchị nke abụọ nke ọrụ ahụ mgbe ndị agha jikọtara ọnụ gbajiri site na mpaghara nchebe nke onye iro.

Iji kpuchido nkwadebe nke ọrụ ahụ, isi ụlọ ọrụ n'ihu mepụtara atụmatụ mkpuchi mkpuchi arụ ọrụ, nke nyere maka ịme anwansị nke ịta nke ndị agha abụọ na otu tank na nku aka ekpe nke ihu, na ndị agha nke 1st Guards Army na Ndị agha nke 18. Ya mere, a na-eṅomi nnukwu ihe nṅomi nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè ụgbọ okporo ígwè nke tankị na egbe onwe onye na-ebugharị, eṅomiri ebe a na-ebutu ndị agha agha, e depụtara ụzọ maka njem ha na-aga ebe a na-etinye uche, na akwụkwọ ozi kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-eduzi na ikuku. E gosipụtara ọtụtụ ụdị ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ ala, ngwa agha na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ na saịtị adịgboroja. Ọgbọ elu adịgboroja nke nwere ụgbọ elu ụgbọ elu ejiri igodo ọrụ ndị agha kpuchiri iji mesie ike na ha bụ eziokwu. Ndị otu nyocha kwụsịrị n'ọtụtụ ebe, na-ahọrọ ebe ha ga-enweta "isi ụlọ ọrụ na ndị agha na-abata."

Ndị ụgbọ mmiri Hungarian na German nwere PzKpfw VI Ausf. E Agu; Western Ukraine, Julaị 1944

N'agbanyeghị na a na-eji ụzọ aghụghọ eme ihe, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịghọgbu onye iro kpamkpam. Ndị German na-atụ anya ọganihu nke ndị agha nke 1st Ukraine Front, tumadi na ntụziaka nke Lviv, ebe a na-etinye ihe nchekwa ọrụ - 1st Panzer Corps (8th na 20th Panzer Divisions na 1st Motorized Division) nke General Herman Breit. Ha chọpụtara ọnọdụ na nhazi nke ndị agha jikọtara ọnụ, kpebisie ike na ntụzịaka nke mwakpo na-abịanụ, na atụmatụ mgbochi, ọkachasị mwepu n'usoro nchekwa nke abụọ n'akụkụ nnukwu ngalaba nke n'ihu. Onye ọchịagha nke 160th Panzer Army, General Erhard Raus, chetara na ọ maara nke ọma n'ụzọ ziri ezi ntụziaka nke isi agha Rusyn, bụ nke sappers tinyere 200 ndị mmadụ. ogbunigwe mgbochi ndị mmadụ na narị puku mmadụ iri abụọ na-egbochi tankị. Mwepụ na-ezoro ezo, nguzogide siri ike na omimi, mgbagha na-egbughị oge site na iji usoro ọsọ ọsọ - nke a bụ usoro nchebe German. Naanị oge a na-amaghị, onye ọchịagha chụpụrụ ndị agha ya n'usoro nchebe mbụ maka abalị atọ n'usoro, ma nye ha iwu ka ha laghachi n'ahịrị ahụ e jibuburu. N'ezie, ha aghọtaghị redeployment nke tank agha Katukov n'ebe ndịda Lutsk.