Carbon nkwụnye ego na engine. Kedu ka esi ewelata ntinye ya?

Ịmepụta carbon bụ ihe na-adịghị mma nke ukwuu site n'echiche nke ọrụ engine, ma mkpochapụ ya zuru oke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ gaghị ekwe omume. Nke a bụ n'ihi ihe mejupụtara mmanụ ọkụ nke oge a, ọdịdị nke usoro physico-chemical nke na-eme na ọkụ ọkụ, ma nke ahụ abụghị ihe niile. Sistemu cylinder-piston bụ ebe ọ na-adịkarị mfe itinye ego carbon. Kedu ihe kpatara nguzobe nke nkwụnye ego ma enwere ike ibelata ihe omume a?

Nsogbu nke soot na-emetụta, n'ókè ma ọ bụ nke nta, ụdị engines niile, na nhazi ya bụ n'ihi ọkụ ọkụ na-ezughị okè nke ngwakọta mmanụ-ikuku. Ihe kpatara ya ozugbo bụ na mmanụ injin ahụ na-agwakọta mmanụ. A na-edobe ihe nkwụnye carbon n'ime ụlọ combustion, nke bụ ngwaahịa nke sintering na "coking" nke mmanụ engine na ọkara siri ike nke sitere na mmanụ ụgbọala. N'ihe banyere igwe ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ, ogige kemịkalụ dị na mmanụ ọkụ na-enyekwa aka n'ịmepụta ihe nkwụnye carbon, bụ nke e mere iji belata ihe ọkụkụ.

"Ụdị ịkwọ ụgbọ ala dị mkpa n'ihe gbasara nhazi nke soot na engine. Ma oke oke adịghị mma: ịnya ụgbọ ala na obere ma ọ bụ naanị nnukwu ọsọ na ịnya ụgbọ ala maka obere oge na-abawanye ohere nke nkwụnye ego engine. Nke ikpeazụ na-emetụtakwa ọkụ ọkụ, nke na-adịghị erute okpomọkụ na-ehicha onwe ya (ihe dịka 450 degrees C) ruo ogologo oge. Ndị Turbochargers, n'aka nke ọzọ, na-akwado ịkwọ ụgbọ ala dị ala, nke na-enye ohere maka ịkwọ ụgbọala nke ọma na 1200-1500 rpm, nke dị mwute na-enye aka na nkwụnye ego carbon. Enwere ike ibelata mmetụta a site n'ịgbanwe ụdị ịkwọ ụgbọ ala gị yana iji mmanụ kachasị mma. Otu ihe atụ nke a bụ mkpokọta mmanụ na teknụzụ ART, nke, dị ka ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association), na-abawanye nchebe engine site na 74%," Andrzej Husiatynski, Onye isi Ngalaba Nkà na ụzụ na Total Polska na-ekwu.

Ihe ọzọ kpatara nka bụ enweghị mmelite ngwanrọ na kọmpụta bụ isi maka ịchọpụta oke mmanụ/ikuku ziri ezi. N'okwu a, ọ dịkwa mma ka a kpọtụrụ nlegharị anya na-abụghị ọkachamara, ya bụ. na-agbanwe "maapụ mmanụ", nke nwere ike iduga mmebi nke oke, ya mere na ngwakọta ikuku-ikuku bara ụba nke ukwuu. Ihe nyocha nke lambda na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa ka ọ na-atụle ọnụọgụ oxygen dị na gas na-ekpochapụ. Ihe mmetụta ahụ na-ekwurịta okwu ozugbo na ECU (nchịkọta njikwa eletrọnịkị), nke na-achịkwa ọnụọgụ mmanụ ụgbọala na-adabere na ikuku ikuku. Nrụrụ ya nwere ike ịgbagọ nhụta nke paramita nke ikuku iyuzucha a tụrụ atụ.

Ihe na-ezighi ezi nke sistemu mgbanye ọkụ (coils, spark plugs) na, dịka ọmụmaatụ, yinye oge bụkwa ihe na-akpata nkwụnye carbon. Ọ bụrụ na ọ gbatịa, usoro oge nwere ike gbanwee, n'ihi ya, a ga-akụghasị usoro ọkụ ọkụ. Ya mere, enwere ike inwe ọtụtụ ihe kpatara teknụzụ, ya mere a ga-arụ ọrụ engine ahụ mgbe niile. Ọbụlagodi na ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ, mmadụ ekwesịghị ịbụ naanị ịgbanwe mmanụ na nzacha. Naanị nyocha zuru oke na nke oge niile nwere ike ibelata ihe egwu nke nkwụnye carbon yana adịghị arụ ọrụ na-esote.

Hụkwa: Kedu mgbe m nwere ike ịnyekwu mpempe akwụkwọ ikike?

Ebe kacha adịkarị mfe itinye carbon carbon bụ: valvụ engine, ihe oriri na mkpochapụ dị iche iche, sistemu turbocharger geometry na-agbanwe (nke a na-akpọ “steering wheel”), swirl flaps na injin dizel, ala piston, liners engine, catalyst, particulate filter. , EGR valvụ na piston yiri mgbaaka. Igwe mmanụ ụgbọ ala nwere ntụtụ mmanụ ọkụ ozugbo na-adị mfe karị. Site n'ibunye mmanụ ọkụ ozugbo na ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ, mmanụ ọkụ anaghị asachapụ valves oriri, na-abawanye ohere nke nkwụnye carbon. N'ikpeazụ, nke a nwere ike iduga mmebi nke oke nke ngwakọta mmanụ-ikuku, ebe ọ bụ na a gaghị enyefe ikuku achọrọ na ụlọ ọkụ. Kọmputa nwere ike iburu nke a n'uche site n'ịgbanwe mmanụ ọkụ / ikuku iji hụ na ọkụ ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ma ọ bụ naanị ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.

Ogo nke mmanụ ụgbọala na-eji bụ ihe mmewere na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na nhazi nke soot na engine. Na mgbakwunye na ịgbanwe ụdị ịkwọ ụgbọ ala na nke kacha mma, i.e. iji oge nke ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, mgbanwe mmanụ mgbe niile na ilekọta ọnọdụ teknụzụ nke injin ahụ n'ụzọ sara mbara, iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke nkwụnye carbon, naanị mmanụ ọkụ dị elu sitere na ndị nrụpụta ntụkwasị obi kwesịrị iji. Ya mere, a ga-ezere ọdụ ụgbọ ebe mmanụ ụgbọala nwere ike metọọ ma ọ bụ ebe parampat ya dị iche na ụkpụrụ ndị a kwadoro.

"Ezigbo mmanụ ụgbọala na-enye gị ohere ihichapụ usoro oriri, injectors na cylinder-piston usoro site na nkwụnye ego. N'ihi ya, ọ ga-aka mma ka atọm ma gwakọta ya na ikuku,” Andrzej Gusiatinsky na-agbakwụnye.

Hụkwa: Porsche Macan na ule anyị