Site na ụlọ elu na-adabere n'oge a ruo robo-urukurubụba

Na "MT" anyị akọwawo ugboro ugboro ihe ebube kachasị ama nke nkà na ụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ. Anyị maara ọtụtụ ihe banyere CERN Large Hadron Collider, International Space Station, Channel Tunnel, Three Gorges Dam na China, àkwà mmiri dị ka Golden Gate na San Francisco, Akashi Kaikyo na Tokyo, Millau Viaduct na France, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. . mara, kọwara na ọtụtụ nchikota nke aghụghọ. Ọ bụ oge ị ga-aṅa ntị na ihe ndị amachaghị nke ọma, mana ọ dị iche site na injinịa mbụ na ngwọta imewe.

Ka anyị bido na ụlọ elu Leaning ọgbara ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ elu Capital Gate dị na Abu Dhabi (1), United Arab Emirates, nke emechara na 2011. Nke a bụ ụlọ kacha nwee mmasị n'ụwa. A na-atụgharị ya ruo ogo 18 - okpukpu anọ ka ụlọ elu a ma ama Leaning nke Pisa - ma nwee ala 35 ma dị mita 160 n'ịdị elu. Ndị injinia ahụ ga-akụtu ikpo 490 ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mita 30 n'ime ala iji dobe mkpọda ahụ. N'ime ụlọ ahụ enwere ọfịs, ebe a na-ere ahịa na ebe a na-ere ahịa na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ụlọ elu ahụ nwekwara Hyatt Capital Gate Hotel na helipad.

Ọwara okporo ụzọ Norway kacha ogologo, Laerdal bụ ọwara okporo ụzọ dị na Hornsnipa na ugwu Jeronnosi. Ọwara ahụ na-agafe gneiss siri ike maka mita 24. Ewubere ya site na iwepu 510 nde cubic mita nke nkume. Ejiri ya na nnukwu fan na-eme ka ikuku dị ọcha ma na-ekunye ikuku. Ọwara Laerdal bụ ọwara izizi nke ụwa nwere sistemu ịsacha ikuku.

Ọwara ndekọ ahụ bụ naanị mmalite maka ọrụ akụrụngwa Norwegian ọzọ na-atọ ụtọ. Enwere atụmatụ ịkwalite okporo ụzọ E39 na-ejikọta Kristiansand na ndịda obodo na Trondheim, nke dị ihe dị ka otu puku kilomita n'ebe ugwu. Ọ ga-abụ usoro dum nke ndekọ ndekọ na-agbaji ọwara, àkwà mmiri gafee fjords na ... ọ na-esiri ike ịchọta okwu ziri ezi maka tunnels na-ese n'elu mmiri, ma ọ bụ ma eleghị anya, àkwà mmiri ndị na-adịghị n'elu ma n'okpuru mmiri. Ọ ga-agafe n'okpuru elu nke Sognefjord a ma ama, nke dị kilomita 3,7 n'obosara na 1,3 km miri emi, n'ihi ya, ọ ga-esi ike ịrụ ma àkwà mmiri na ọwara ọdịnala ebe a.

N'ihe banyere ọwara mmiri dị n'ime mmiri, a na-atụle ụdị abụọ dị iche iche - nnukwu ọkpọkọ na-ese n'elu mmiri nke nwere okporo ụzọ jikọtara na nnukwu floats (2) na nhọrọ nke iji eriri na-ejikọta ọkpọkọ na ala. Dịka akụkụ nke ọrụ E39, Ọwara n'okpuru Rogfast fjord. Ọ ga-adị kilomita 27 ogologo ma na-agba ọsọ 390 mita n'elu oke osimiri - ya mere ọ ga-abụ ọwara mmiri dị omimi na nke kachasị ogologo nke e wuru ruo ugbu a n'ụwa. A ga-ewu E39 ọhụrụ n'ime afọ 30. Ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-aga nke ọma, ọ ga-abụ n'ezie otu n'ime ihe ịtụnanya injinia kacha ukwuu na narị afọ nke XNUMXst.

2. Nleta anya nke ọwara na-ese n'elu mmiri n'okpuru Sognefjord

Ihe ịtụnanya injinia a na-eledaghị anya bụ Falkirk Wheel na Scotland (3), ihe owuwu swivel 115m pụrụ iche nke na-ebuli ma na-ewetu ụgbọ mmiri n'etiti ụzọ mmiri na ọkwa dị iche iche (iche 35m), nke e wuru site na ihe karịrị tọn 1200 nke ígwè, nke igwe igwe hydraulic iri na-ebugharị ma bụrụ nwere ike ibuli ụgbọ mmiri asatọ n'otu oge. wheel ahụ nwere ike ibuli ihe ruru otu narị enyí Africa.

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe ijuanya na nkà na ụzụ na-amaghị nke ọma n'ụwa bụ elu ụlọ nke Melbourne's rectangular stadium, AAMI Park, na Australia (4). Emebere ya site na ijikọta petals triangular jikọtara ọnụ n'ụdị dome. Ejila pasentị 50 mee ihe. obere ígwè karịa na-ahụkarị cantilever imewe. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-eji ihe owuwu ụlọ emegharịrị eme ihe. Nhazi ahụ na-anakọta mmiri ozuzo site n'elu ụlọ ma na-ebelata ike ike site na usoro nhazi ụlọ dị elu.

4 Stadium akụkụ anọ Melbourne

Ewubere n'akụkụ nnukwu ọnụ ọnụ ugwu dị na Zhangjiajie National Forest Park nke China, Bailong Elevator (5) bụ igwe mbuli elu na mpụga kacha ogologo na nke kachasi ike n'ụwa. Ogologo ya dị mita 326, ọ pụkwara iburu mmadụ 50 na puku iri na asatọ n'otu oge. kwa ụbọchị. Emeghere ọha na eze na 18, e depụtara igwe mbuli elu na Guinness Book of World Records dị ka igwe mbuli elu dị ogologo na nke kachasi ike n'ụwa.

Mgbali elu ugwu na-emebi ndekọ nke China nwere ike ọ gaghị ama ama ọzọ, mana ọ bụghị n'ebe dị anya na Vietnam, e mepụtala ihe n'oge na-adịbeghị anya nwere ike ịsọ mpi na ya maka aha nke usoro injinịa pụrụ iche. Anyị na-ekwu maka Cau Vang (akwa ọla edo), ebe a na-ahụ anya dị mita 150 nke ị nwere ike ịmasị ọmarịcha panorama nke gburugburu Da Nang. Akwa Cau Wang, nke meghere na June, kwụgidere 1400 mita n'elu elu nke Oké Osimiri South China, nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke ndị na-agafe n'elu mmiri ahụ. N'ebe dị nso nke ụkwụ ụkwụ bụ ebe UNESCO World Heritage Sites - Cham Sanctuary na Mu Son na Hoi An - ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri oge ochie nwere ụlọ ndị China, Vietnamese na Japanese pụrụ iche site na narị afọ 6-XNUMXth. Ogwe aka ochie nke na-akwado akwa mmiri (XNUMX) na-ezo aka na ihe nketa oge ochie nke Vietnam.

Dee usoro dị iche iche

Ọ dị mma ịmara na, n'oge anyị, ọrụ injinia ekwesịghị ibu ibu, nke kacha ibu, buru ibu n'ibu, ibu, na ike dị ukwuu iji masị ya. N'ụzọ megidere nke ahụ, obere ihe, ngwa ngwa na obere ọrụ, dị ka nnukwu ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-adọrọ mmasị karị.

N'afọ gara aga, otu mba ụwa nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara usoro ion nke a na-akpọ "moto kacha nta n'ụwa." Ọ bụ n'ezie otu ion calcium, 10 ijeri ugboro pere mpe karịa injin ụgbọ ala, nke ndị otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-edu Prọfesọ Ferdinand Schmidt-Kahler na Ulrich Poschinger mere na Mahadum Johannes Gutenberg dị na Mainz, Germany.

"ahụ na-arụ ọrụ" na engine ion bụ ọkpụkpụ azụ, ya bụ, otu nke torque na ọkwa atọm. A na-eji ya na-agbanwe ike ọkụ nke ọkụ laser ka ọ bụrụ ịma jijiji ma ọ bụ ịma jijiji nke ion tọrọ atọ. Mmaji ndị a na-eme dị ka ụgbọ elu na-ebufe ike ha na quanta. "Ụgbọ elu anyị na-atụ ike nke injin n'ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ atọm," ka onye otu onye na-ede akwụkwọ bụ Mark Mitchison nke QuSys na Trinity College Dublin na-akọwa na nkwupụta mgbasa ozi. Mgbe injin ahụ nọ na-ezu ike, a na-akpọ ya steeti "ala" nke nwere ike kachasị dị ala yana nkwụsi ike, dị ka quantum physics na-ebu amụma. Mgbe ahụ, ka ọkụ laser kpalitere ya, ion mbanye "na-akwali" ụgbọ elu ahụ, na-eme ka ọ na-agba ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ, ka ndị otu nyocha kwuru na akụkọ nyocha ha.

Na Mee nke afọ a na Chemnitz Technical University. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si otu ahụ wuru obere robot n'ụwa, na ọbụna na "jet engines" (7). Ngwaọrụ ahụ, 0,8 mm ogologo, 0,8 mm n'obosara na 0,14 mm dị elu, na-akpali ịhapụ iyi okpukpu abụọ nke afụ site na mmiri.

7. Nanobots nwere “jet engines”

Robo-efe efe (8) bụ rọbọt na-efe efe nke nwere oke ahụhụ nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na Harvard mepụtara. Ọ na-eru ihe na-erughị otu gram ma nwee mọzụlụ eletrik na-agba ọsọ nke ukwuu nke na-enye ya ohere ịkụ nku ya ugboro 120 kwa sekọnd wee felie (jikọọ). Ejiri eriri carbon mee ya, na-enye ya ibu nke 106mg. Ogologo ogologo 3 cm.

Ọmarịcha ihe ndị a rụzuru n’oge a abụghị nanị nnukwu ihe owuwu dị n’elu ala ma ọ bụ obere ígwè ọrụ dị ịtụnanya nwere ike banye n’ebe ọ na-enwebeghị ụgbọ ala nke gafere. Obi abụọ adịghị ya, teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ dị ịrịba ama bụ kpakpando satịlaịtị SpaceX Starlink (hụkwa: ), ọganihu, ọganihu na ọgụgụ isi artificial, generative adversarial networks (GANs), na-arịwanye elu n'ezie oge ntụgharị asụsụ algọridim, ụbụrụ-kọmputa interface, wdg Ha bụ ihe bara nnukwu uru zoro ezo n'echiche na a na-emeso ha dị ka nkà na ụzụ Ọrụ ebube nke iri na abụọ. narị afọ abụghị ihe doro anya nye onye ọ bụla, ọbụlagodi na nlele mbụ.