Ụgbọ ala mbụ Toyota. Ngụkọta nke 337 e bipụtara.

3 ndekọ ụwa. Ndekọ mba ụwa 10. Naanị 337 mbipụta. Toyota 2000GT a ma ama bụ otu n'ime ụgbọ ala kacha maa mma na akụkọ ihe mere eme ụgbọ ala. Ihe atụ kachasị mma taa bara uru karịa otu nde dollar ma na-akpali mmetụta n'etiti ndị nwe nke nchịkọta ụwa.

Echiche maka mbụ Japanese Gran Turismo (GT) mụrụ na mbubreyo 1963. Ọnwa ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ, ndị ọchịchị na Mie Prefecture (Honshu) mepere ụzọ Suzuka mbụ nke Japan, bụ́ ebe a na-eme asọmpi Grand Prix.

Onye isi mmepe nke Toyota, Jiro Kawano, abụghị naanị onye egwuregwu na-anụ ọkụ n'obi, kamakwa onye na-eme egwuregwu, onye ihe owuwu ọhụrụ ahụ bụ ebe nrọ iji nwalee ụgbọ ala. Toyota gbara arụmụka na 1963 Japanese Grand Prix na Publica (C2 ruo 700 cc), Corona (C3 ruo 5 cc) na Crown (C1600 ruo 3 cc) na Suzuka Circuit.

Na mmalite 60s, Toyota mepụtara tumadi obodo na kọmpat ụgbọ ala. Ole na ole ahọrọla maka ụdị ndị buru ibu dị ka Crown. Taa, a na-ejikọta Land Cruiser na okomoko, n'oge ahụ, a na-ewere ya dị ka onye ọrụ ugbo, oke ọhịa ma ọ bụ ọkà mmụta ala. Ihe oru ngo 280A kwesiri imebi echiche nke ụgbọ ala siri ike, mana nke a na-adighi nma maka onye obula wee buru tiketi Toyota na nnukwu egwuregwu ụgbọ ala.

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Ihe ịga nke ọma egwuregwu na ndekọ ọsọ ga-eme ka ọrụ a kacha sie ike mfe. Cavanaugh agbaghawo Jaguar, Lotus na Porsche, bụ ndị nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma ma n'ọsọ ọsọ na na chaatị ndị ahịa na isi ahịa US. Ndị na-asọmpi n'ime ụlọ ahụghịkwa na Toyota. Ọ bụghị ihe nzuzo na Datsun na-ezube ịwakpo akụkụ dị elu na Prince Skyline GT. Ihe oru ngo 280A bu ihe ngosi nke ikike nka nke Toyota dika ulo oru ohuru nke na-emejuputa echiche di egwu. Onye na-emepụta Japan bu n'obi ka ya na ndị isi ụwa na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-asọmpi nke ọma. Uru ndị ọzọ pụtakwara n'ụdị dị mma yana ohere nke imelite ngwa ngwa nke ụgbọ ala akara dịka nkà ihe ọmụma Kaizen siri dị. Onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, Eiji Toyoda, nakweere echiche Kawano: ugbu a etinyere ọrụ 280A n'ọrụ.

Ike nke ọhụrụ

Ọrụ nke otu mmadụ ise malitere na Mee 1964. Ọnwa isii ka e mesịrị, Satoru Nozaki na Shihomi Hosoya gosipụtara ihe atụ 1:5 nke coupe nwere oche abụọ. Ahụ dị ala, naanị 116-centimeter nwere ahịrị kwekọrọ nwere mmetụta na-adọrọ adọrọ, gụnyere. ekele maka ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ na-ebuli elu ma jikọta ya na nhazi nke ndị stylist Italian kacha mma. Aerodynamic drag coefficient Cx 0,28 ọbụlagodi taa, ka ọkara narị afọ gachara, enwere ike iwere dị oke mma. Ejiri aka rụọ ọrụ ahụ site na mpempe akwụkwọ aluminom. Na-adịghị ahụkebe, n'ihi na batrị dị na ebe nchekwa n'azụ wheel wheel n'ihu. Ihe ngwọta a ejirila British Bristol mee ihe kemgbe 404. Nkwụsịtụ onwe ya na chassis nwere etiti ogologo ogologo bụ nke Shinichi Yamazaki mere. Na nke mbụ n'ime ụgbọ ala ndị Japan, a na-eji breeki diski nke Sumitomo rụpụtara n'okpuru ikike Dunlop na wiil ọ bụla. Ihe ọhụụ zuru oke n'etiti ndị na-emepụta Land of the Rising Sun bụ igbe ụgbọ ala Toyota dị ọsọ 5 nke ziri ezi nke nwere ihe karịrị draịva na wiil ndị sitere na magnesium alloy nwere ọkụ. Otú ọ dị, ihe atụ ndị a na-eji Italian ebubata Borrani spoked rims na etiti aku. Ndepụta nke narị narị ngwọta ọhụrụ mezuru taya radial Dunlop SP 41 na nha 165 HR15. Ruo ugbu a, ụgbọ ala "Mere na Japan" anọwo na-agba taya na-enweghị isi.

6 kama 8

Isi nsogbu bụ nhọrọ nke ike unit. Na mbụ, a na-atụle nhọrọ nke iji 8-lita 115-cylinder engine na 2,6 hp. site na flagship Crown asatọ, ma na Jenụwarị 1965 YX122 oru ngo e nyere Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd. Ntọala ahụ bụ igwe ọhụrụ 2-liter 6-cylinder in-line (designation 3M) ​​nke sitere na Toyopet Crown MS50. Dị ka akụkụ nke mgbanwe ahụ, a na-eji camshaft abụọ, isi aluminom cylinder ọhụrụ nwere valve 4 kwa cylinder na ụlọ ọkụ ọkụ. Ọ bụ 3 Mikuni-Solex ma ọ bụ Weber 40DCOE carburetors wetara mmanụ maka injin ahụ. Mgbe emechara Yamaha, ike ahụ ruru 150 hp. na 6600 rpm. N'etiti 60s, nkezi nkeji nke nchụpụ yiri ya na-etolite 65-90 hp. Mgbe nnwale dynamometer gara nke ọma, onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ụlọ ọrụ Eizo Matsuda na Shihomi Hosoya nke ngalaba imewe ahụ ekwuru n'elu, mere nnwale igbu egbu site na mmiri nke 1965.

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Udo tụrụ n'anya

Ọktoba 29, 1965 Harumi Shopping Center na Tokyo. Mbipụta nke iri na abụọ nke ụlọ ihe ngosi na-amalite. Nke a bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ndị na-emepụta Japan ọ bụla. N'ihe ngosi Toyota, ụdị 12GT nke mbụ na-agba ịnyịnya (2000A/I) na-enwu ọcha na chrome. Ọ tụrụ ndị ọbịa n'anya, n'ihi na ụgbọ ala ụlọ ọrụ ahụ enwebeghị mmasị na ọdịdị ha ma akpata oyi na njirimara ha. Tupu mgbe ahụ, mgbe e bipụtara foto nke otu n'ime ihe atụ ndị a n'akwụkwọ akụkọ, otu odeakụkọ si na magazin Britain bụ́ The Car bịanyere aka na ya na isiokwu ya: “Nke a abụghị Jaguar. Ọ bụ Toyota! Ihe mkpuchi igwefoto na-agbawa, ọkụ na-egosipụta site na eserese, ndị nta akụkọ na-enwe obi ụtọ. 280GT bụ ezi Grand Turismo! N'ime ime ahụ bụ egwuregwu, ịdị mma na-agbanyụ: tachometer, mmanụ mgbali elu na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egosi na-etinye na tubes, "bọket" miri emi edozi ya na akpụkpọ anụ akpụkpọ anụ. A na-agbanye ụgbọ ala osisi Nardi n'elu ebe nchekwa telescopic. A na-eji plastik matte na ihe mkpuchi rosewood kpuchie ya. Ihe njikwa ahụ nwere ihe nnata redio nwere ọchụchọ ebili mmiri na-akpaghị aka. N'ime akpati ahụ, e nwere otu ngwaọrụ iri na asatọ n'otu ikpe nwere ihe e dere na Toyota. Enwere agba 2000 ịhọrọ site na, gụnyere agba ọla 18, mana 10% nke ndị ahịa ga-atụ ụgbọ ala na Pegasus White.

Toyota Warriors

Na Mee 3, 1966, Grand Prix nke atọ nke Japan malitere na sekit Suzuka. N'oge mkparịta ụka ya na ndị egwuregwu, Jiro Kawano na-echetara na mgbe afọ 3 gachara, oge eruola ka ndị otu niile nwaa. Maka ndị Japan, nsọpụrụ abụghị naanị okwu efu, mana okwu ahụ bụ "mmụọ ọgụ" bụ nkebi ahịrịokwu nkịtị. Ndị na-agba ọsọ, dị ka ndị eze ukwu samurai, ji ezi obi ṅụọ iyi ịlụ ọgụ maka mmeri. Toyota ewepụtara ụdịdị 2GT. N'azụ wheel nke uhie #2000 bụ kpara Shihomi Hosoya, onye mmebe na mmebe nwere a agha mkpụrụ obi. Ka anyị gbakwụnye: onye agha na-enwu n'ebube nke onye mmeri, n'ihi na na January 15, 16 ọ meriri n'ọsọ 1966 nke siri ike nke ukwuu na sekit Suzuka na Toyota Sports 500 na-akpali akpali nke nwere engine ọkpọ ọkpọ 800-cylinder nwere ikike nke 45. hp. . O meriri site n'ikpuchi ebe dị anya n'otu tank mmanụ ka ndị asọmpi sitere na ndị otu Datsun na Triumph na-efunahụ ihe dị oke ọnụ ahịa sekọnd. Onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Toyota ọzọ nwere ahụmahụ, Sachio Fukuzawa, na-amalite site na nọmba 2. N'oge agbụrụ ọ ga-anọchi Mitsuo Tamura na kokpiiti nke a silver Toyota. Otu n'ime ụgbọ ala nwere nnwale mmanụ ụgbọala, ndị ọzọ nwere 17 Weber carburetors. Engine ike 3-200 hp A na-eji aluminom mee ihe ndị ahụ.

Grand Prix nwere ntụgharị dị egwu. N'otu oge, Hosoya dị ka ọ na-awụda ka ụgbọ ala ya na-akpụ akpụ na ala na ahịhịa, ma ka oge na-aga, nọmba 15 na-aga n'ihu na-agba ọsọ. N'ikpeazụ, Prince R380/Brabham BT8 meriri, mana mpụta mbụ nke 2000GT na-aga nke ọma. Hosoya gafere ahịrị ngwụcha nke atọ. N'azụ Toyota n'okporo ụzọ a kụrụ akụ a ga-enwe ndị mgba dị ize ndụ, gụnyere. Datsun Fairlady S na Porsche 906 prototype! Jaguar E-Type, Porsche Carrera 6, Ford Cobra Daytona na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Lotus Elite ghọtakwara uru ndị otu Toyota dị. Mgbe agbụrụ ahụ gasịrị, ndị injinia na-akụrisị ụgbọ ala maka isi ihe ma nyochaa ejiji nke ihe ndị ahụ. Ọrụ Kaizen: A na-emeziwanye ụdị ọrụ ngo mgbe niile ka serial Toyota 2000GT (koodu ụlọ ọrụ MF10) bụrụ ụgbọ ala ngwa ngwa na ntụkwasị obi kpamkpam. Ọ bara uru na-agbakwụnye na-acha uhie uhie prototype na nọmba 15 (ụgbọ ala 311 S) adịghị adị ndụ ruo taa, na-ebibi n'oge ule. Ebe ọ bụ na 2010, Shikoku Automobile Museum na-ewepụta oyiri ya.